Many people are diagnosed with a disease such as intestinal metaplasia of the stomach, which is characterized by degeneration of the gastric epithelium in intestinal. Produce hydrochloric acid by parietal cells cease to function, causing begin to suffer the digestive organs, and the metabolism.
The State of a person, when such pathology is dangerous, but treatable. If instead the cells of the stomach there occurs proliferation of cells of the colon, it is considered a precancerous condition. Although the treatment in this case is possible, but for advanced forms there is a very poor prognosis.
This is a disease in which the tissue of the gastric mucosa replaced by intestinal cells. The disease was first described more than 100 years ago by Professor Kupfer. This pathology most commonly affects the elderly. According to statistics, 80% of patients there is chronic gastritis and duodenal ulcer.
In healthy people tissue covering the stomach wall, all the time updated. If an injury occurs, the cells begin to vigorously share, resulting in their increased migration and restore cellular renewal. This process in patients with chronic gastritis is disturbed, causing gastric glands cease to function, resulting in the formation of metaplasia.
Metaplasia of the stomach is of two types:
The Mature form is characterized by the presence of cells that can be found only in the small intestine: sulfasalzine, kamchatyi, the enterocytes goblet. However, the main symptom, which confirms this type of pathology, are the cells of Paneth. Stomach tissue begin to resemble the small intestine as the structure and functional properties.
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Immature metaplasia of the stomach is characterized by impaired maturation and development of gastric glands, and the epithelium is most often represented by the cells of the colon.
You Should know that for stomach cancer in 94% cases detected incomplete metaplasia. This condition is considered precancerous, it delayed treatment leads to death.
In addition, it should be especially noted squamous metaplasia. Let us examine it in more detail.
A Feature of this pathology is that in place of normal layer is formed of multilayer squamous epithelium. At its core, is the process of replacement of highly differentiated Mature cells are less Mature. The latter have greater ability to adapt, as often transformirovalsya in any of the cell types that have high resistance to various damaging factors.
For Example, squamous metaplasia of gastric epithelium in peptic ulcer disease of the stomach helps to ease the damaging effect of excess enzymes and acids. As soon as the irritant is removed, the fabric returns to its normal state.
However, as a sign of the pathological process this type of metaplasia does not always have limiting factors. This leads to the fact that immature cells are trying to adapt, begin to accumulate a large number of gene mutations and are no longer able to keep control of his division, turning in a substrate of a cancerous tumor.
This disease occurs for the following reasons:
This disease is in itself in no way appears, and all the typical symptoms of metaplasia related to illness that contributed to its development. These include:
Increased acidity of the stomach accompanied by heartburn, “hungry” pain, able to grow in the night. If intestinal metaplasia is accompanied by casting into the esophagus stomach contents, you may see vomiting and bitter taste in the mouth.
To identify the form of the disease, conduct histological examination. It is that from the human body taken small pieces of tissue are studied. Sampling technique the epithelium or cells is called a biopsy. This method of diagnosis is considered mandatory if there is suspicion of the presence of a malignant tumor.
To determine the degree of damage of the gastrointestinal tract, further research is being conducted with the help of endoscopic equipment. Tissue under suspicion, colored with special paint that is completely harmless to the human body. If cells are damaged, they acquire a special color that are easily visible under the microscope.
If diagnosedintestinal metaplasia, treatment of this disease is done with medication and expeditious way. Patients must register to a gastroenterologist.
This method of treatment is used in the following cases:
For treatment, the doctor may prescribe the following drugs:
If conservative treatment does not bring positive results, the doctor may recommend surgery. How is eliminated metaplasia? This is done using special endoscopic equipment, allowing to minimize the degree of injury, and this is called minimally invasive surgery. If necessary, the damaged area is removed completely. This method of treatment several times reduces the risk of appearance of carcinogenic formations.
To avoid such diseases as intestinal metaplasia, is necessary to observe preventive measures.
You Need to avoid stressful situations, to respond positively to any stimuli. Be sure to fully relax.
To adhere to the hygiene standards of food. Intestinal metaplasia of the stomach is not only the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, and other infections. In addition, if they violated health standards, the probability of receiving food poisoning, which will further irritate the lining of the stomach.
You should Also stick to a balanced diet. In this case, you need to completely abandon the chemical surrogates such as carbonated beverages, spicy, refined, salted products, smoked products. It is best to include in your diet meals, rich on dietary fibre. It can be various of cereals, vegetables, greens, fruits, whole grain bread.
Thus, we have found that this metaplasia. This is a rather dangerous disease that can contribute to stomach cancer. Only a timely appeal to the specialist and follow all the required recommendations can slow or regress destructive processes.
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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."
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