Toe fractures: types, symptoms, treatment

The biggest bone of the foot is the calcaneus. Of all fractures of the foot fractures of the heels often occur. Usually the cause of injury is falling on the heels from a height, the talus (on top) when it bites into the heel and it splits.

Types of fracture

In General, fractures of the heels vary. They can be with displacement of fragments with and without the isolated and provincial, normal and fragmented (including multisplintered). In what position during the strike was stop, will depend on the direction of displacement of fragments and fracture lines. At strong squeezing of a compression fracture occurs, it may occur with simultaneous damage of the surfaces of the joints. Sometimes, broken both heel bones. In addition, broken heels can be extra-articular and intra-articular.

Symptoms of fracture

The First symptom that appears when any fracture – this, of course, pain in the injured area. The arch of the foot being more flat, and the area of the heel extends. At the regional and isolated fractures of the symptoms are not as much the person can even walk. The most severe fractures of heels – compression when the heel bone under conditions of traumatic factor is pressed against ramming and pounding. In this case, when pressure is applied laterally on the heel will be felt severe pain, to move impossible to stand on tiptoes too, will fail, while the ankle joint motion is preserved. When you tension the calf muscles the pain worse. In podlojecna region swollen soft tissue hemorrhage occurs, these processes quickly spread to the Achilles tendon.

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Diagnosis

Fractures of the heels is diagnosed by x-rays. The x-ray to see them is easy. But when there is a fracture of the heel with an offset, it is difficult to correctly determine the degree of displacement of fragments. In this case, make a radiograph of a healthy foot and compare the two snapshots.

Treatment

If diagnosed with a fractured heel without displacement, the leg for fixing bones in a desired position applied plaster. Take it off when the bone will heal, that is about 1.5-2 months. Sometimes the seam needs more time. If bone fragments are displaced, can not do without surgery. When the fracture is closed, the operation was carried out after falling swelling and reduce inflammation. In order to accelerate, the foot is immobilized for a few days to raise up. Also, these measures contribute to the restoration of the stretched skin. Five open fractures complicated by displacement, should operate immediately. During surgery by using special metal clips connect the bone fragments. After operation impose plaster. The speed of recovery depends on the type of fracture. But even with the slightest (closed and no offset), the patient can return to their previous level of activity only after 3-4 months. In severe fractures sometimes recovery takes several years, and sometimes even with the best efforts of doctors and the patient cannot fully restore the function of the foot and lower leg.