How to treat rotavirus infection in children? Possible consequences for the child

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2018-03-27 14:03:35

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Doctors believe that most common on the Earth the disease-rotavirus infection. According to who, daily infected with rotavirus 125 million kids on the planet! How this microbe infects adults? No such data. However, relative to the children of the sad statistics. The same who reports that each year from complications of rotavirus, killed 500 thousand children under the age of 5 years. Microbe particularly dangerous for infants.

Rotavirus Adult much harm not cause it, because their body is more robust and able to resist the pathogenic activity of microorganism. In the case of disorders of the chair, many adults tend to assume that a consequence of the poor quality of food, they do not attribute this symptom to the infection, not cure it, continue to do daily chores, go to work, come among men, not suspecting that are the source of dangerous disease.

In children rotavirus infection appears much brighter, and the symptoms are more severe, as the body of the child is not yet ready to cope with toxic substances that the microbes secrete the result of their life. Therefore, this disease is often called childhood. There are rules that you need to do when infected with rotavirus, which medication to give the child what might be in this disease complications. Information about this is presented in our article.

We will Also consider what should be the diet during rotavirus infection in children, what can you do to a sick child and what is not, how to prevent the disease.

In Brief about the organism

For the Russian people, the word "rotavirus" is automatically associated with the mouth. But “company” means the part of the face, “wheel” in Latin. The germ is so named because it has a round shape that looks like wheel with clear rim and shorter spokes. In diameter it is less than 75 nm. Rotavirus is surrounded by three layers of proteins (capsid), so he can't hurt the gastric juice, the enzymes of the intestine and many antiviral drugs.

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portrait of rotavirus

Once in the intestine, the microbe is introduced into kamchatyi the enterocytes located in the cilia of the intestine. These structures perform a very important function-the digestion of food, absorption of nutrients, secretion of enzymes necessary for the breakdown of pieces of food. Moreover, in enterocyte, microbe destroys it. Therefore, rotavirus infection in children is accompanied by a sharp violation of the digestive activities.

The microbes Multiply at a fantastic rate. However, they produce toxins and substances causing symptoms similar to colds. For this rotavirus is often incorrectly referred to as intestinal flu. However, he cold have almost nothing in common.

Route of infection

The vast majority of cases, rotavirus is introduced into the body of people as any other intestinal infection, that is the fecal-oral route. Rotavirus infection in children called the disease of dirty hands. Very often mass infection happens in kindergartens and other institutions where there is a large concentration of kids. To get into the baby's mouth and from there enter into the intestine rotavirus can when using microbial contamination of toys, while using everyday objects, failure to observe hygiene and in close contact with the sick person.

prevention of rotavirus infection

The doctor Komarovsky is Known on rotavirus infection among children says that no matter how frequently and thoroughly the mother forces the child to wash their hands. It can't with absolute guarantee to protect from infection. Helps only vaccination. It should be done, if you plan to go to the sea.

I Should say that rotaviruses are very durable. They can withstand high and low temperature, can exist in the environment. Outbreaks occur more often in the cold season that some experts attribute to the weakening of protective forces of an organism.

Symptoms

The Incubation period of rotavirus infection in children may last only one day after infection. This applies weakened toddlers and infants. Why microbes do not manifest immediately on its introduction into the intestine? Because they need there to breed. Yet destroyed enough of enterocytes, the digestion of the child is close to, but small the number of microbes does not emit so many toxins that they could have a strong impact on the systems of the body. The stronger the kid and the older it is, the longer the incubation period of rotavirus infection in children. Many of them, it lasts up to five days, and in some cases can stretch for a week.

In infants under 6 months of rotavirus infection does not happen, as their immune system protects the mother. After six months he ceases to act. Such children are the most vulnerable to rotavirus, as their digestive system is also functioning, and the body is still very weak.

The disease Develops sharply:

  1. The child starts diarrhea. Trips to the potty can be more than 15 times a day.
  2. Can be opened Simultaneously vomiting.
  3. There are severe pain in the abdomen.
  4. Fever.
  5. The
  6. Increased flatulence.
  7. The Child becomes lethargic, refuses food.

At the same time “intestinal” signs of rotavirus infection in children are present and “cold” symptoms that often confuses parents confused.

This:

  1. Sore throat, its redness.
  2. Cough.
  3. Runny.
  4. Pain on swallowing.
  5. Conjunctivitis.
  6. Coating on the tongue.
  7. Inflammation of the lymph nodes.

Talking about the characteristics of rotavirus infection in children, a well-known pediatrician Komorowski explains how to distinguish from other intestinal disorders.

symptoms of rotavirus infection

He says you need to pay attention to the consistency of baby feces. When infected with rotavirus in the stool is always watery, grayish and very unpleasant smell, and other problems with a chair – mushy.

The Second feature is that the vomit can have a smell of acetone.

With the development of the disease (approximately 3 day) the consistency of the stool becomes clay-like, gray-yellow, and the urine becomes dark in color (as in hepatitis).

In General, the disease occurs with symptoms of gastro-enteritis, and enteritis.

Classification

Often asked how long is rotavirus infection in children. The answer depends on what form the disease.

  1. Lightweight. The baby chair quickens slightly (up to 3-5 times a day), vomiting is once the temperature rises above 37.5 degrees. The General condition remains satisfactory, although there is a decrease of appetite and refusal of the child to active play. In this form, the disease can last 2-3 days.
  2. Medium. Diarrhea a child has had a moderate intensity (up to 10 times per day). Other symptoms: borborygmus, flatulence, temperature 38 degrees, symptoms of a cold. With an average form of the disease can last up to a week.
  3. Heavy. It occurs not often. The following symptoms: a temperature of 39-40 degrees, persistent vomiting, diarrhea 13-15 times a day, watery stool, stomach cramps, symptoms of flu (cough, runny nose, congested throat, conjunctivitis), lethargy, dryness of mucous membranes, a rare urination. This form of the disease lasts 10 days or more.

Answering the question of how long is rotavirus infection in children, we must not forget about the recovery period. Its length is from 3 to 7 days.

excessive drinking

Dehydration

The Doctors explain that it is not as dangerous infection with rotavirus as its consequences. They lead to death. Dehydration is the most dangerous consequence of rotavirus infection in a child 3 years and under. At older ages, the loss of fluid is also very serious indicator of the state of the child, but kids, especially babies, more “likely” to die. That is why in infants the treatment of rotavirus infection in the home is not possible, be sure to put a patient in a hospital. Signs of dehydration:

  1. Weakness.
  2. Dry mucous membranes.
  3. Crying without tears.
  4. Reduction in the number of incidents of urination.
  5. Reducing the amount of urine. In infants this can be determined by the size of diapers.
  6. Sunken eyes.
  7. A Pointy nose.
  8. Flabby skin.
  9. Tachycardia.
  10. Thirst.
  11. Low blood pressure.
  12. Thick blood (a sign for doctors).

Such complications are observed not only in infants but also weak, very thin children, especially those who have history are the kidneys, heart and intestines.

Other complications

Rotavirus infection in a child 2 years and under (who are very difficult to get to drink plenty of fluids) without extra of the measures taken can have the following complications:

  1. Pneumonia.
  2. Disorders of the nervous system.
  3. Bacterial enteric infections.
  4. Convulsions.

In the hospital, the children immediately put on a drip to replenish their water and salt balance.

Pneumonia – is a bacterial disease. It is attached to rotavirus infection because of the weakening of lung function due to the loss of electrolytes, as well as when blood clots. The main external sign of this complication – a very high temperature. In the future, the diagnosis is confirmed by laboratory tests (blood tests) and MRI. With signs of pneumonia child need to be hospitalized immediately.

Seizures are the result of dehydration. These often occur at high temperature. If you do not provide the child with professional assistance, he may die due to spasms of the respiratory system.

fever and diarrhea

Diagnostics

As noted above, during rotavirus infection in children the incubation period lasts from 1 to 7 days. At this time, as a rule, no symptoms are observed.

Suddenly Appeared vomiting and diarrhea may mislead parents at the thought of poisoning the child any food, and “cold" symptoms – that he had the flu or SARS.

For a more precise diagnosis is required for tests:

  1. Blood in common. For confirmation of rotavirus infection is ineffective. But it helpsto identify the possibility of development of complications and to decide how to treat rotavirus infection in children. This analysis determines the presence of the child: leukocytosis (increased leukocytes), leukopenia (reduced white blood cells), lymphocytosis (elevated lymphocytes), a hematocrit. The latter is a measure that defines the ratio of blood cells to the liquid part, in children older than 1 month must equal 45%. Gradually declining, he by 5 years reaches a value of 37%, and then increases again. Deviations can be harbingers of problems with the heart, brain, kidneys. Pay attention to the ESR.
  2. Urine total. Also is not informative, accurately indicating the presence in the body of rotavirus, but allows to identify abnormalities in the urogenital system.
  3. The Coprogram. Allows you to define how broken the process of intestinal absorption of nutrients and the level of the lesion.
  4. PRTs. Using this analysis determine the presence of virus in the stool.
  5. The Saliva, vomit, other biological material.
  6. Rapid test. It can be done at home. This test is sold in every pharmacy. Attached is detailed instructions on cones with a solution and display panel with two small Windows. In one the sample is placed in the other shows the result. Near this window there are two letters “T” and “C”. If the first emerged red stripe, and against the second green – the result is positive. If against the letter “T” nothing appeared – the test is negative. If you have any other options – the test is flawed and should be repeated.

How to differentiate rotavirus infection from other diseases

Determining what to treat rotavirus infection in children, we must first differentiate it from other problems that the kids in the gut.

  1. Enteritis, and gastroenteritis. In these diseases also may experience fever, diarrhea, dehydration, cramps, but no signs of colds.
  2. The Flu. Common symptoms are fever, cough, runny nose, lethargy, lack of energy, sore throat, swollen lymph nodes, and headache. However, vomiting is very rare (as an individual child's reaction to the virus), and diarrhea is not typical at all.
  3. Dysentery. The incubation period of the disease (as with rotavirus) is 2-3 days. Demonstration sharp. Symptoms: frequent diarrhea, vomiting, fever, weakness, borborygmus, abdominal pain. Distinctive features: in the stool dysentery it is possible to observe the characteristic greenish mucus, sometimes with blood veins vomiting occurs 1-2 times, no more, and cold symptoms are not observed.
  4. Food poisoning. This condition makes itself felt in the first hours after ingestion of poor quality food, that is, the incubation period extending for several days, as a rule, is not observed. Symptoms: vomiting, diarrhea, fever, dark urine, weakness, pale skin, rapid breathing, low blood HELL, but no cough, runny nose, sore throat.

In Order to check the presence / absence of rotavirus, need to do a quick test.

treatment regidron

What to give a child with rotavirus infection

When you experience the initial symptoms not all parents are in a hurry to call an ambulance, trying first to cope with diarrhoea and fever yourself. Talking about the treatment of rotavirus infection in children, Komorowski explains in detail what not to do:

  1. To Give the child medication "diarrhea". The fact is that with the stool from the bowel are removed the viruses. They can count trillions. If we suddenly stop the diarrhea, they will remain in the intestine, which greatly aggravate the course of the disease. In addition, the stagnation of feces contributes to the absorption of toxins into the blood.
  2. To Give the child antibiotics. In this case, they only bring harm, because the viruses do not work, but even more weaken the immune system. These drugs are needed only if the rotaviruses was joined by pneumonia or bacterial infection of the digestive tract.
  3. Buy homeopathic preparations (“cream” and analogues). Komorowski believes that they're useless, but they significantly reduce the family budget.
  4. Force-feed the baby. Only if he persistently asks to eat, he should offer an easy gruel.

Consider what to give a child with rotavirus infection:

  1. Drink plenty of liquids. If the child refuses to drink water, tea, kompotik, it is necessary to drink violently, pouring the liquid little by little.
  2. Residency. “Humana Electrolyte”, “Regidron”. If they are not at home and in nearby pharmacies, you must make this solution in a liter of water to dissolve the sugar (2 tablespoons), a tablespoon of salt with baking soda. Give these drugs should be forced, if the baby refuses to drink them voluntarily. Can be used for this purpose, a spoonful or a syringe without a needle.
  3. Sorbents. Suitable “Effective”, “Remedy”.
  4. High Fever (over 38 degrees) temperature.

The Need for treatment with antiviral medications, many doctors, including Komarovsky, I think is not quite justified, as long as there are no such drugs, the effectiveness against rotavirus would be proven.

But many pediatricians prescribe to children with this disease pills “but”, “Cicloferon" candles “interferon”, “Kipferon”.

Whatfeed the baby during rotavirus infection

Above we noted that forced to give the child food should not be. Lack of appetite – a protective reaction of the body, because the patient violated all the processes of digestion.

Babies should continue to give mother's milk. It will help to fight infection, although in the acute period can cause a gain diarrhea. If the babies are bottle-fed, they need to translate on a mixture of lactose, since the rotavirus is often observed lactase deficiency, which means the intolerance of this enzyme.

For children of other age categories there are rules of feeding by infection with rotaviruses:

  1. Give food in very small portions.
  2. Breaks between feedings to make small.
  3. All cook for a couple.

In the first day or two, doctors are advised to offer the child to eat an Apple (baked), banana, crackers and boiled rice.

what not during rotavirus infection

Diet during rotavirus infection in children is that the menu can be:

  1. Porridge on the water without butter and sweeteners (semolina, oatmeal, buckwheat, pic).
  2. Vegetable broth with water, adding rice.
  3. Steamed scrambled eggs, meatballs, lean fish, chicken.
  4. Croutons.
  5. Baked apples.
  6. Cooked vegetables (zucchini, carrots, a little potato).
  7. Homemade fruit marmalade.
  8. Dairy products (low-fat cottage cheese, kefir, yogurt) can be offered to the child, if his body tolerates lactose.

What to feed a child with rotavirus? With this we understand. Now let's see what you can't give him:

  1. Fatty starters, soups.
  2. Sausages.
  3. Pasta.
  4. Sweetness.
  5. Cereals (barley, wheat, millet).
  6. Raw fruit (except banana).
  7. Raw vegetables (cucumber, tomato, onion).
  8. Nuts.
  9. Chocolate.
  10. Any of the pickles and marinades.

In the recovery period should also follow a diet. It is not recommended to give children:

  1. Milk.
  2. Ice cream.
  3. Beans.
  4. Fatty meals (meat, fish).
  5. Rye bread.
  6. Millet porridge.

In conclusion

Rotavirus infection in children Komorowski said that she was up to 5 years have, as a rule, 98% of children, and the rest will be infected with the virus later. That is, knowledge about its symptoms and treatment relevant to each of us. Effective preventive measures that protect against rotavirus, no. The only thing that could help – vaccination. I had been ill immunity is observed only in the first months, that is, to catch this infection several times.

The Main thing that parents must do if you have specific symptoms – call «ambulance», and also to begin to give the child to drink plenty of liquids at room temperature. If the doctor suggests hospitalization, can not abandon it. If the form of the disease is not heavy, with a child can walk in the fresh air, but this is not to prevent his communication with other children. The kid remains contagious until complete recovery, even if he has not observed danger signs (vomiting and diarrhea).

For the prevention of rotavirus infection for other children, the parents of a sick child should not send it in institutions until, as the tests prove, that the disease is completely cured.


Article in other languages:

AR: https://tostpost.com/ar/health/9424-how-to-treat-rotavirus-infection-in-children-possible-consequences-for.html

BE: https://tostpost.com/be/zdaro-e/16907-chym-lyachyc-rotavirusnuyu-nfekcyyu-dzyacey-magchymyya-nastupstvy-dlya.html

DE: https://tostpost.com/de/gesundheit/16917-als-heilen-rotavirusnuyu-infektion-bei-kindern-m-gliche-folgen-f-r-das.html

ES: https://tostpost.com/es/la-salud/16929-que-curar-la-infecci-n-neumoc-cica-en-ni-os-las-posibles-consecuencias.html

HI: https://tostpost.com/hi/health/9430-how-to-treat-rotavirus-infection-in-children-possible-consequences-for.html

JA: https://tostpost.com/ja/health/9430-how-to-treat-rotavirus-infection-in-children-possible-consequences-for.html

KK: https://tostpost.com/kk/densauly/16910-emdeuge-ara-anda-rotavirusnuyu-infekciyasyna-y-timal-saldary-bala-sh-n.html

PL: https://tostpost.com/pl/zdrowie/16890-ni-leczy-rotavirusnuyu-infekcj-u-dzieci-ewentualne-konsekwencje-dla-dz.html

PT: https://tostpost.com/pt/sa-de/16885-do-que-tratar-rotavirusnuyu-a-infec-o-em-crian-as-as-poss-veis-consequ.html

TR: https://tostpost.com/tr/sa-l-k/16913-tedavi-daha-rotavirusnuyu-enfeksiyonu-ocuklarda-olas-etkileri-ocuk-i-i.html

UK: https://tostpost.com/uk/zdorov-ya/16902-chim-l-kuvati-rotav-rusnu-nfekc-yu-u-d-tey-mozhliv-nasl-dki-dlya-ditin.html

ZH: https://tostpost.com/zh/health/10288-how-to-treat-rotavirus-infection-in-children-possible-consequences-for.html






Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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