Varicose veins: causes, symptoms and treatment

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2018-03-27 20:30:23

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Varicose veins — a very common vascular disorder. According to statistics, the disease in varying degrees of development are registered almost every fourth inhabitant of the planet. Causes of varicose veins can be very diverse, as well as treatment methods.

Naturally, many people are looking for more information about this pathology. What is a varicose veins on the legs? Causes, treatment, symptoms, stage of development — this is an important and interesting information that is worth exploring.

General information on the development of the disease

Causes of varicose veins

Many people today suffer from such diseases as varicose veins. Causes, symptoms, treatments — this, of course, important questions. But first consider the facts.

Varicose veins called pathology, accompanied by the expansion of the walls of the veins, formation of nodes, disruption of blood circulation. By the way, it is believed that this disease affected only women. Causes of varicose veins in women lie in greater exposure of the organism to hormonal changes. However, in men, the disease is also found, though less frequently.

To understand the mechanism of development of disease, it is necessary to consider some physiological characteristics. As you know, blood is ejected into the aorta under pressure, and then distributed by smaller arteries and arterioles.

From the tissues to the blood with a low oxygen level is going into the veins. On these vessels the blood is moving, overcoming the force of gravity. That is why veins are equipped with special valves that prevent backflow of blood.

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Sometimes, for whatever reasons, the pressure in the vessels rises, causing their walls to expand. Gradual blood flow is impaired, leading to stagnation. Blood vessels sometimes form knots which protrude through the skin. In most cases, the disease affects veins of the lower extremities — first, small, surface, and then a larger, deep.

Varicose veins: causes

Varicose veins symptoms causes

As already mentioned, the disease is associated with impaired blood flow. Causes of varicose veins can be very different. It is necessary to consider the most common risk factors:

  • Takes place a genetic predisposition. Some people are born with different pathologies, which are characterized by weakness of the connective tissue. According to statistics, 70% of children whose parents suffered from varicose veins, face the same problem, and pathology can occur at any age.
  • Risk factors include hormonal changes. The fact that the background of certain hormonal disruptions often there is a weakening of (even temporary) in muscle tissue, which leads to varicose veins. This can be caused by various diseases of the endocrine glands.
  • Pregnancy — a very common cause of varicose veins on the legs in women. The fact that in this period hormonal changes women, increased blood volume, increased pressure on blood vessels.
  • Many scientists call this pathology a payment for bipedalism. The vertical position of the body creates increased pressure on the blood vessels of the lower extremities. The risk groups include people who, due to various reasons, forced to stand for long periods.
  • Dangerous is a sedentary lifestyle, sedentary work. By the way, these are the most common causes of varicose veins in men. Lack of exercise affects the muscles and blood vessels, making them weak, causing the walls of the veins more prone to varicose.
  • Risk factors include the presence of mechanical obstruction, which disrupts the flow of blood (e.g., blood clots or tumors that cover the lumen of the vessel).
  • Causes of varicose veins can be due to the emotional state. The fact that constant stress, nervous exhaustion and stress affects the hormone levels that can lead to weakening of the heart and blood vessels.
  • Pathology is sometimes the result of contact with toxins in the body. This group of factors include alcohol abuse, long-term use of certain drugs, drug use.

There are other causes of varicose veins. For example, the risk of developing this disease increases with the constant wearing of socks or stockings with tight elastic bands. Often from such problems and people are suffering with obesity.

What symptoms accompany the disease?

Varicose veins on legs causes treatment

You already know about what is a varicose veins on the legs. The causes of pathology may be different, but the symptoms usually look more or less the same:

  • In the initial stages appear heaviness in the legs that increases after prolonged standing or strenuous exercise.
  • Patients also complain of a feeling of warmth, and sometimes burning sensations in the affected areas of the body.
  • By evening, the lower extremities are often swollen, which indicates there is stagnation in the vessels.
  • With the progression of pathology of the veins swell. If in the initial stages, through the skin will onlylight the outlines of the vessels and spider veins, then gradually they become large enough, the winding nodes.
  • Skin of the legs becomes more red. Sometimes you can see the appearance of seals.
  • Horizontal mesh vessels partially disappears. If the patient is standing, venous nodes become larger, three-dimensional.
  • The symptoms of the disease include increased pigmentation on the affected areas of the body. The skin here is very thin and dry. Perhaps the appearance of venous ulcers.

So It looks like varicose veins on the legs. The causes, the symptoms are well known. See the information about treatment.

Stage of development of pathology

Causes of varicose veins in women

Despite the fact that the causes of varicose veins can be extremely varied, the clinical picture in most cases looks the same. The disease develops in several stages, each of which is accompanied by very characteristic symptoms.

  • Onset of the disease is characterized by blurred clinical picture. The patient complain of swelling, heaviness and pain in the legs, but to identify the disease almost impossible.
  • The First stage is accompanied by physical discomfort. Under the skin begins to be viewed as a vascular mesh.
  • In the second phase, under the skin the blood vessels show through. The nodes can be seen with the naked eye or to probe. At this stage it is already possible the formation of blood clots. This is the beginning of varicose veins.
  • In the third stage, the above symptoms are added, and persistent swelling of the feet, the shins.
  • The Fourth stage is accompanied by trophic disorders. The skin does not get enough oxygen and nutrients. A change in pigmentation — sometimes tissue become brown. Some areas of skin atrophy. Perhaps the appearance of small areas of inflammation.
  • At the fifth stage of the skin form of anthrax, which is still sensitive to the therapy.
  • In the sixth stage appear on the skin are active sores, which are almost impossible to cure.

Possible complications

The Majority of patients, in particular, women perceive the disease as merely not too pleasant aesthetic defect. However, disruption of normal blood flow can have dangerous consequences:

  • Varicose veins if untreated, can sometimes lead to the development of chronic venous insufficiency.
  • Thrombophlebitis is a disorder which is accompanied by inflammation of the venous wall with subsequent formation of blood clots.
  • On the background of progressive varicose veins on the skin of the feet often formed sores. As skin thinning, the appearance of erosions and ulcers may cause the slightest injury. These wounds remain open for a long time, delivering a person a lot of discomfort. They are difficult to treat.
  • Pulmonary Embolism develops on the background of thrombosis. Formed blood clot occludes the lumen of the pulmonary artery, disrupting blood flow to the heart. This is an extremely dangerous condition that can lead to almost immediate death of the patient.

Diagnostics: what methods are used?

The Causes of varicose veins in women and men can be varied. At the time of diagnosis is important not only to make an accurate diagnosis, but also to determine what led to the development of pathology.

As a rule, first the doctor performs a General examination, collects history, examines the symptoms. Next is the duplex examination, which allows to determine the speed and direction of venous blood flow. Informative is x-ray examination of blood vessels with the prior introduction into the bloodstream of a contrast agent.

Conservative treatment

Causes of varicose veins in men

The therapy is the treating physician, total attention to the present symptoms, stage of disease, presence of comorbidities.

  • Corticosteroids help to narrow the blood vessels, relieve inflammation, eliminate itching, burning, manifestation of allergic reactions.
  • Treatment usually includes drugs venotonic, in particular the ‘Venoruton”, “Detralex”. Such tools help to remove the swelling and burning sensation, eliminate night leg cramps, improve tone of vascular walls, normalize blood circulation, prevent the formation and growth nodes.
  • Antiplatelet agents (for example, "Warfarin”, “Aspirin”, “Trental”) are used in case if there is a risk of thrombosis. These drugs thin the blood and help to normalize body temperature and relieve pain.
  • Antithrombotic drugs used to prevent blood clots or elimination of existing blood clots. Effective anticoagulation is “Heparin".
  • Sometimes the treatment regimen complement non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that relieve pain, reduce swelling, have antipyretic properties. Effective are “Substance”, “Ketorol”.
  • A Mandatory aspect of therapy is the intake of vitamin complexes, as these substances normalize the metabolism, strengthen the walls of blood vessels, positive effect on the body, including cardiovascularsystem.
  • Patients are prescribed a course of therapeutic massage. Such manipulations help to eliminate stagnation, relieve muscle spasm, improve blood circulation and trophism of the skin tissues.
  • Patients are recommended to wear special compression underwear, which provides normal blood circulation, prevents the development of edema.
  • Effective in this case is leech therapy, because leech is isolated in human blood natural substance to prevent coagulation.

Surgical removal of the affected vessels

Varicose veins causes

What to do if the patient has varicose veins on the legs? Causes, symptoms, inflammation, the development of further complications — all this can be eliminated with medication. However, medication is not able to return vessels to their natural shape, remove the nodes. In this case, surgical excision and stitching of the affected vessels, but this procedure is rarely done, as it involves many complications. To date, more effective are minimally invasive procedures:

  • Laser or electrocoagulation helps “burn” the patient vessel. This procedure is tolerant of small vascular mesh.
  • Popular and effective today considered sclerotherapy. During the procedure, the doctor inserts a vessel of a special chemical (sclerosant), which glues the walls of blood vessels to each other, thus removing the affected vein out of the total of the bloodstream. The technique used to treat varicose veins small vessels.
  • If we are talking about the large veins, patients are usually sent to laser coagulation. In the affected vessel introduced a special diode which will then start the laser radiation. Under the influence of laser blood cell changes, forming “tube”, which blocks the blood flow. In the future, the clot dissolves naturally.

Treatment

You already know about what is a varicose veins. Causes and treatment, symptoms and complications — this is important information. Modern medicine offers a huge number of drugs and therapeutic procedures, able to cope with the problem. But is it possible to do something at home?

Of Course, there are a large number of recommendations from the folk healers:

  • Very effective for varicose veins is horse chestnut. To prepare the tincture just. 50 g of flowers horse chestnut, you need to pour 0.5 liters of alcohol. Close the container and leave for two weeks in a dark, cool place (every day the contents of the jar need to be shaken). Further, the fluid can drain. Take medicine three times a day before eating a tablespoon. After weeks of therapy need to take a break for 14 days, after receiving infusion can be resumed.
  • Useful for varicose veins are considered to be juices from the leaves of spinach, carrots, beets, celery, parsley.
  • Clear and strengthen blood vessels, you can use lemon and garlic. To prepare the medication you need mince four lemons (with the peel) and four heads of garlic (pre-cleaned). The resulting mixture put in a jar and pour three liters of boiled water (warm, not hot). The medication is infused for three days, then strain. Recommend to take 100 ml three times a day during meals. Store in the refrigerator.

Preventive activities

Cause of varicose veins on the legs in women

Unfortunately, people face such a problem as varicose veins in the legs. The reasons for the development of the disease we have studied. But sometimes it is much easier to prevent the emergence and further progress of the pathology. Prevention in this case involves some simple rules:

  • Active lifestyle, moderate physical activity (e.g., swimming, Cycling, walking in comfortable shoes), especially if a person called "sedentary" work”.
  • Need to abandon the clothes, which too much constrict the skin of the lower extremities, the groin and the waist.
  • During sleep or rest under the feet, it is recommended to put a small pillow.
  • It is Important to eat right, maintain body weight in the normal range.
  • Positively on the state of the vessels affected by a contrast shower (if the procedure is performed regularly).
  • It is Important to monitor drinking water treatment, drinking at least 1.5 liters of water a day.
  • You Need to abstain from alcohol and other bad habits.

The Observance of such a simple recommendation will help to stop the development of varicose veins (if we are talking about the initial stages of the disease, of course).


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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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