The blood supply of the uterus and appendages

What is the blood supply of the uterus, in the Atlas Sinelnikov told quite clearly. Information taught in the course of human anatomy. This system is always studied in schools in-depth program and medical schools. If you see the diagram of the blood supply to the uterus and ovaries want people without deep medical knowledge, to understand the literature very difficult. This is due to specific terminology, and quite complex essence of the theme.

Still, the scheme of blood supply to the uterus may be clear if we understand this, without going into the issue too much details. Then the theme will be available for the General population. After all, every modern woman should have an idea about their body and how it functions. This is especially important for those who have identified poor blood supply of the uterus, as it strongly influences health and ability to bear and give birth to a child.

Organs and blood flow

There are several main arteries through which provided the blood supply of the uterus. Anatomy special attention is traditionally paid to the internal (pudendal) and external genital arteries. The first originates from branches of internal iliac artery and from the medial thigh.

By Studying the characteristics of blood supply of the uterus, special attention should be paid to the obturator artery. This vessel starts from the iliac from the inside. Branches of this artery are the external seed. Through them provided blood supply and innervation of the uterus. For each of the arteries there are a couple in Vienna. These vessels are located in parallel.

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System flow: nature solves complex problems

To the tissue of the genital organs to function properly, have proper nutrition, the human body is filled with numerous interconnected vessels. According to him, the blood from the aorta is supplied to individual cells, tissues. In the anatomy of the blood supply of the uterus and appendages special attention to the ovarian artery, which supplied the life-giving fluid into a branching network of small vessels and uterine, originating from the internal iliac artery branches.

The Main volume of arterial blood body secured to the functioning of the uterine artery. To a lesser extent the inflow of the fluid caused by ovarian. Uterine artery – a key element of the arterial system of the uterus, because through it the blood flow not only toward authority, but also to pipes, cords. This vessel provides a flow of fluid that carries oxygen and micronutrients to the vagina, the ovaries. The direction of the vessel – medial down. If we consider the blood supply of the uterus and appendages, you may notice that the uterine artery is the intersection with the ureter, as well as at the level of the cervix departs from her vaginal artery.

All individually

Blood flow to the uterus and ovaries has certain characteristics among nulliparous and parous women. In the first case, the artery can be twisty. Anatomists also note that uterine artery via numerous branches provides blood supply to the uterus and ovaries, for which the vessels are riddled with shell bodies. This network extends to the muscular and mucous tissue. During pregnancy this system is actively developed, is complex, and affects a woman's body. After birth the reverse process of the degradation of the circulatory system occurs.

Function ovarian artery

In many respects the blood supply of the uterus and appendages caused by the presence of this vessel. It provides oxygen, nutrients to the organ pipes, the ovaries. The vessel starts from the abdominal aorta in the lumbar area. Next, the artery descends, repeating the trajectory of the ureter to the pelvis. When the vessel is at the level of the ovarian branch headed there, carrying life-giving liquid. The blood supply of the uterus and appendages involves the simultaneous receipt of the same tissue of the blood from different sources. So, the blood supply to the ovaries is provided not only ovarian but also uterine artery, branches of which are also sent to these bodies.

The Vagina and genitals

In the upper half of the vagina is present in the vessels of the blood coming from the uterine artery. Fluid feed is provided to the branches, downward from the mainstream. The middle elements are fed from the bottom of the cystic artery. Finally, the vagina from below receives blood from the middle of the intestinal arteries and the internal pudendal or gender.

If you look at the blood supply to the cervix you may notice that the organs of the reproductive system are closely linked blood vessels. The internal branch of the iliac artery provide blood flow, oxygen, nutrients to the vagina in the lower third.

All the arteries that form a blood supply of the cervix, other female sexual elements of the system run parallel with the veins which have similar names. The vessels are intertwined with each other, creating a powerful system of blood flow to protect against failure.

Lymphatic system

Considering the blood supply of the uterus, it is also necessary to pay attention to the lymph nodes and vessels.There are the following lymph nodes in the study area:

• Internal iliac (the superior and inferior gluteal, obturator, lateral sacral);
• External iliac (lateral, intermediate, medial);
• Common iliac (lateral, intermediate, medial);
• Visceral (paravesical, okolomatocnah, ocalaflorida, anorectal).

From the internal the obturator foramen is the obturator lymph node, which is the outflow of lymph from the cervix. Also the blood supply of the uterus is largely controlled through single lymph nodes, scattered in the tissues of the pelvic organs.

Most of the lymph nodes located in close proximity to arteries, veins or directly into them. The groin lymph nodes are fed through the organs of the reproductive system, located externally and through the vagina in the lower part. This causes the system features of blood supply of the uterus round uterine ligaments provide communication with the bottom of the body through lymph ducts.

The flow of lymph: an important element of the reproductive system

The analysis of the vascularity of the uterus certainly consider the vessels connecting the lower part of the body and lymph nodes located near the sacrum, obturator foramen. It is impossible to deny the importance to human health the normal functioning parametresini and pararectal lymph nodes.

The Lymph coming from the pipes, the body of the uterus, from the ovaries, goes intended for of this the vessels in the transverse nodes. Among the pelvic organs also have lymph nodes, concentrated near the iliac artery. When analysing the blood supply to the uterus can be noticed that the highest concentration of such clusters where the uterine artery and ureter cross. Also lymph nodes are present in abundance in the sacrum, the point of separation of the aorta into two of the arterial blood vessel.

The Innervation of the uterus

Such is represented by the sympathetic, parasympathetic elements of the autonomic NS. Primarily the sympathetic nerve tissue of origin. In abundance there are fibers from the spinal cord, plexus near the sacrum. The uterine body is permeated by nerve fibers of the sympathetic type, the start of which – a plexus near the aorta in the abdominal cavity. Innervation of the uterus due to the presence of special plexus, responsible for both the organ and the vagina.

The Vagina is the main part and the cervix is riddled with parasympathetic nerve fibers. Those originate in the plexus close to the vagina, uterus. Ovarian plexus provides the nervous system with the appropriate body. Here are the fiber, starting from the plexus near the kidneys, the aorta. To some extent the plexus near the ovary also ensures the function of the nervous system of tubes of the uterus, but not only. This area also depends on fibres travelling from the uterine, the vaginal plexus. In the analysis of the nervous system, external organs, forming the female reproductive system, you will notice the important role of the pudendal nerve, starting from groats in close proximity to the sacrum and numerous branches of the nerve provides the sensitivity of the area.

Difficult, but reliable

Learn how to improve blood circulation in the uterus, doctors have to think only in the case that the patient suffered an injury, operation or severe pathology. In the General case, the circulatory system of the genital organs, composed of numerous vessels, not just flawlessly, but has a high margin of safety. The three-dimensional complex bodies, which is characterized by high velocity of blood flow. It makes possible regular changes of the menstrual cycle, reproductive period.

As the circulatory system is very rich, for the body is not a problem to restore tissue lost during the menstrual cycle. Also the correctness of the system of blood supply – a pledge of the ability to implant a fertilized egg, to form the placenta.

Why do I need it?

To Understand the peculiarities of the uterine structure, its supply with blood usually have those who for a long time can not get pregnant. As shown by gynecological statistics, this problem is most often pushes contemporary women in a detailed study of its own anatomical structure. Many hope that this will help to find an approach that will allow you to realize your dream and become a mother.

Modern gynaecology knows a number of quantitative and qualitative indicators to assess how adequate the blood supply of the uterus. In a clinical case it gives the possibility to evaluate correctly the status of women and to find solutions to problems. Surprisingly, the anatomy of the pelvic organs is fairly constant, despite significant differences in the body of different people. In addition, age-related changes strongly affect almost all organs, changing them, but the reproductive system for a long time remains stable. At the same time, doctors take into account that under the influence of pathologies, age-related factors, condition regarding the reproductive cycle, you can adjust the characteristics of the circulatory system.

Arteries: features

Arterial system of the uterus – ovarian, uterine artery, and the second is largely responsible for the nutrition of the body than the first. Masterbatch is divided into ascending, descending arterynear the isthmus. Going down a blood vessel provides oxygen, nutrients to the vaginal walls, uterine and cervix. The second branch follows the trajectory of the broad uterine ligament and attaches to it comes to ovarian artery, after which the vessels merge into a single whole.

For the common vessel of the two, you also receive the arc, located in the broad ligament. This element is rich in branches that feed the surface of the uterus in front, behind. In addition, the blood flow is ensured across the thickness of the uterine walls, creating the necessary environment for cell activity.

Pregnancy: changing the circulatory system

If in the normal state of the female reproductive system feeding the blood vessels, including arteries considered, a winding, when a fertilized egg is a gradual alteration of the organism. Not to say that the vessels become less tortuous, but they are changing. They become larger, increasing the diameter of blood vessels, arteries are increasing length.

During gestation circulatory system of the genitals is actively developing, which affects the number of vessels it forming. Many branches grow in the uterus, following the contours of the external part of the body. This phenomenon in anatomy is usually called wonderful network. A term applied to the peculiar interweaving of multiple elements, in which there are three types of vessels, from each other different structure, position.

Uterus: the shape and parts

This term denoted one of the key components of the female reproductive system. Shaped organ muscle tissue and normally has the shape of a pear. This item is located in the small female pelvis, nature provides for gestation, subject to pre-fertilization (reproductive function).

The Uterus is formed by numerous elements, in medicine is divided into several groups of tissues. Allocate the bottom, which looks up, ahead, body, neck. The cervix descends to the vagina. The point at which the body goes into the uterus, in anatomy refer to as the isthmus.

Surface and cavities

From the point of view of anatomy is possible to speak about presence of two surfaces of an organ. Rear adjoins the intestine, which gives the name of this part, and the front name due to the proximity of the bladder. The uterus characterized by the presence of the right and left edges.

Of Most interest to any woman planning a pregnancy, is a uterus. It is relatively small, the studies usually show the form in the form of a triangle. On the sides of the upper side is located the pipe, and the bottom starts the cervical canal. A detailed examination of the mucous membrane of the organ can be seen glands, ensuring the normal production of sex hormones. The cervical canal connects the uterine hole and the vaginal entrance. To limit the holes provided for rear, front lip.

The girl and the woman: a difference

Usually, even in the absence of information from the patient when conducting a pelvic exam a doctor can tell for sure, the woman gave birth or not. Conclusions can be drawn from both the form and the size of the uterus. So, for girls characteristic conical form of the uterus, which with age will gradually be transformed into cylindrical. The most pronounced under this form, those who have suffered a birth. The hole is usually transverse, oval to birth, and then turns to cross the gap.

Different women Have uterus grows to different sizes, a lot depends on the state of reproductive status. So, if the birth was not before, then in the length of the body is usually not more than 8 cm, and those who already became a mother and can reach a length and 9.5 cm Width of the plot, giving rise to the fallopian tubes after childbirth 4.5 cm Before pregnancy the uterus weighs 300 grams, and the body actively develops in the period of puberty, and in old age there is a natural decrease in the size. Shortly after birth, the uterus of a young mother comes to its previous state in weight.

Structure

Womb – a complex body, formed by several layers of tissue. The inside is a mucous tissue, center – muscle, and the outside – the serous. The average layer thickness more than the other two, and in anatomy it is proposed a division into three sub-layers (outer longitudinal and inner circular center).

Mucosa, characteristic of a thin epithelium, is composed of only one layer. It has a prismatic form. Mucosa – where glands that control the work of the uterus. This simple tubular gland. The inner surface of the body in adulthood changes with the observance of a cycle. For the masses it is known under the term “period”. While “red days" of the mucosa loses its functional layer – the fabric is rejected. When the process completes, stops bleeding, is sufficiently rapid restoration of lost tissues and mucosa back to its primary function – this is implanted fertilized egg.

Two other shells: what are the specifics

The Most important part of uterus – it is the shell, which is formed by muscular fibers. It has already been mentioned that inanatomy made the separation of three layers of smooth fibers woven with each other with a variety of ways. In the center is a circular plexus, and the inner and outer layers is longitudinal. For the middle layer characterized by an abundance of blood vessels.

Peritoneum, which is also called the serous membrane, designed to cover the uterine fundus, and the fabric is gradually moving to the surface of the body. If you examine the uterus from the front, you notice that the serosa comes to shakes and even slightly overlaps the bladder. This allows you to create anatomically important deepening.

Ultrasound as a method of studying the state of the organ

This methodology allows us to understand how anatomically correct the position of the uterus in the female body. With the help of ultrasound doctors can conclude that there is a deviation and in what direction, to what consequences this may cause.

In the study region behind the bladder there is an opportunity to assess the uterus from this angle that the shots it has the shape of a pear. But if the study was conducted in cross-section, then the body is ovoid. While doctors observe the heterogeneity of the structure and can give an opinion as to the normal range. If no problems, then the myometrium must be constant throughout its volume, structurally, it echo-positive.

The Endometrium is changing, it depends on the phase of the menstrual cycle. In some time intervals, the tissue becomes thicker at another time is reduced – and this is repeated from month to month. Also in the study it is important to pay attention to how well the organs, tissues supplied with blood. Involved in this artery has been listed and described above. Normal functioning of body is possible only in the case of flow in a normal volume of blood at a speed characteristic of the organism, while it is important that the lymph flow has occurred in accordance with the work of the circulatory system-fast, without crashing.