Immune status

Human Immune status is a comprehensive measure of the state of the immune system. Need for the study arises in case of suspected failure of the protective system. In this regard the nature of the violation determines the remedy. The changes which undergoes immune status, it is necessary to identify in a timely manner. Otherwise likely to cause quite serious diseases (allergies, infectious processes, tumors and other pathology).

Humoral (associated with fluid in the body) and cellular immunity affects the immune status, the analysis of their condition is carried out using individual tests included in the immunity. The study allows to determine the state of the body's defense system. The analysis specialist assesses the usefulness of the different units that make up the immune status. It is important to include all tests, since the protective function of the body is provided by their joint action.

Humoral healthy immune system can prevent the spread of pathogens (extracellular) viral and bacterial infections at the initial period of their entry into the body. Humoral response provided by b lymphocytes and are carried out in blood serum. Recognizing the causative agent (foreign agent) b-lymphocytes differenciate (pass) in plasma cells which produce (produce) antibodies-immunoglobulins (serum proteins). Immunoglobulins are associated with penetrating a foreign agent, block its biological activity, then remove it from the body. Thus there is a direct effect of immunoglobulins.

Serum proteins involved in the activation of other immunological reactions, support normal immune status. For example, “killer cells" (NK - and K-cells) lisarow (dissolve) completely foreign cells that are coated with immunoglobulins (Ig G).

Binding to antigen, antibodies also activate a set of eleven serum proteins (complement system). Some elements of the complement system have the ability to attack the cell membrane, causing the death of foreign cells, other elements can delimit the area of inflammation and to attract more leukocytes.

Humoral, which is included in the immune status is evaluated by identifying and counting blood b-lymphocytes (percentage and absolute numbers). Their functional activity (b-lymphocytes) is determined by their immunoglobulin synthesized in response to b-cell stimulation. Determining the presence of antibodies to common viruses and bacteria, and concentrations of autoantibodies or immune complexes is carried out by measuring the total level of immunoglobulins and the number in different classes (IgA, IgG, IgM).

The complement System is important for diagnostics of immunodeficiencies innate character defects in this system. In other cases, for example, in autoimmune pathologies, important information about the C4 and C3 components of complement.

In the normal immune status of the cellular link is effective against parasites, fungi, cancer cells, intracellular infections. Protective reaction thus carried out in the lymphoid system and cells are provided with T-lymphocytes. The penetration of alien element in the body, T cells that recognize it must be activated when starting the process, contributing to the destruction of the alien element. T-lymphocytes of some populations enough to actively intervene also in the humoral defense system, stimulating the synthesis of b-cell antibodies (T-helper cells) or suppress their products (T-suppressor).