Arthropathy - what is it? The symptoms and treatment of the disease

Arthropathy comprises a group of pathologies with different causes and reasons. Most often suffer from this disease of the knee joints. Therapeutic interventions primarily aimed at elimination of precipitating factor of the disease.

Arthropathy — what is it?

This pathology is secondary trophic changes of the joint. As a rule, it occurs in the context of the recently-borne infectious diseases. The arthropathy is characterized by certain symptoms, so the doctors quickly identify and appoint effective treatment. This disease appears gradually or suddenly. In addition, it may be accompanied by sudden exacerbations and remissions. In medical terminology described the disease known as reactive arthropathy. What it is, next we consider in more detail.

Quite often the pathology of the disease accompanies Chairman. It should be noted that with the development of reactive arthritis can be destroyed from 2 to 5 joints, and sometimes more. Named disease almost equally found in both adults and children. Although most often affected knee joint men of 20-40 years, leading a hectic life and is constantly changing sexual partners, particularly HIV-positive.

Classification arthropathy

Damage to the knee joints in the development of the disease is divided into specific types:

• Degenerative arthropathy. Can occur if there is a violation of nutrition of cartilage. Basically, the disease occurs in the elderly due to common degenerative and dystrophic changes in the body.
• Reactive arthritis. For this pathology the patient feels pain in the knee. The basis of its mechanism of development is the reaction of the tissues and cartilage in different systemic diseases: endocrine disorders, Oncology, leukemia, neuropathy, or syringomyelia.
• Pyrophosphate arthropathy. During the disturbed metabolism of calcium in the body, which on the surface of the cartilage precipitate. Such a process arises as a result of hypocalcemia, chronic infections or injuries of the knee.
• Hereditary arthropathy. The disease is transmitted genetically, and can manifest themselves in childhood.
• Diabetic arthropathy. Developing pathology as a result of complications of diabetes. It degrades the work capacity of the patient, moreover, is often the cause of disability.
• Idiopathic arthropathy. This group carried the disease knee joints, which are unable to identify the trigger.
• Psoriatic arthropathy. This inflammatory disorders of the joints of a chronic nature is usually associated with psoriasis. But not all people with this diagnosis develops psoriatic arthritis.

Main causes trophic changes in the joints

Arthropathy - what is it? A similar question arises today for many people. This disease belongs to the group of autoimmune lesions of the joints, in other words, it is close in origin to diseases of the immune system. The essence of these pathologies is that after getting a bacterial infection in the body, the immune system begins to “go crazy”, attacking its own tissues.

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Predisposing factor for arthropathy is considered to be some genetic malfunction. If a person has a certain variety of histocompatibility gene, the probability of occurrence of the described disease is increased many times.

There are other causes of the disease. For example, the most common arthropathy of the joints develops as a result of infection with chlamydia. Moreover, the disease appears more often in men. In addition, the development of tissue injury and joints can cause different pathologies of the respiratory tract: bronchitis, laryngitis, tracheitis and others.

Often the cause of arthropathies become intestinal infections, especially dysentery and similar ailments. To joint damage sometimes leads and unsuccessfully vaccinated or treatment of immunological drugs based on antibodies.

Signs of illness

Arthropathy, symptoms of which are able to grow in a matter of hours or days, has an acute onset and development. When this occurs, deformation of the knee joint, moreover, as a rule, there is the emergence of fluid into the surrounding tissue structures and the private cavity of the joint. Swelling appears not only due to the increase of the knee, but as a result of overgrowth of the ends of the bones.

We Should mention, talking about the diagnosis of "arthropathy", it is a disease, which may lead eventually to the destruction of cartilage or bone tissue. But despite these changes, strong pain, as in other pathologies of the knee, is not observed. Despite the fact that in some cases x-ray can even see the wreckage of cartilage and bone in the articular capsule.

In the affected joint range of motion is limited at first, but in the future, with a strong destruction, does not exclude the dislocation. That's why it's so important to start the treatment, otherwise the knee may cease to perform its function, leading to disability.

Sometimes in this disease the patients body temperature rises, and the probing of the joint there are pain of different intensity, depending on the stage of the disease. Skinthe affected location becomes hot to the touch.

Describe the disease can occur in mild, moderate or severe. In the first case, the patient hardly suffers from stiffness of the knee, he had no difficulty walking and the pain feels only at high loads. In more severe degrees of stiffness of the joint increases, and in severe cases the leg can become completely unmanageable.

Children's arthropathy of the knee joint - what is it?

Arthropathy, unfortunately, does not have a certain age, it is as common in young patients as in adults. However, its causes are slightly different. In many cases, the change of the hip joint in children occurs due to certain ailments:

• Allergic diseases, especially due to the medication;
• Lyme disease or brucellosis;
• Viral infections - mumps, rubella or chickenpox;
• Neuro-arthritic diathesis that occurs in children with increased nervous excitability and impaired metabolism;
• Diseases of the blood vessels.

According to statistics, the most common arthropathy of the joints appears in young patients aged 10 years and older. The disease is nearly painless, making it difficult to diagnose. As a rule, in lesions of joints the child has a fever and deteriorating overall health, the tribe is also concerned only with the movement and, as a rule, the self is at rest.

The Risk of arthropathy in children in the fact that it can quickly deform and destroy not formed until the end of the joint. On top of that in young patients is found a special form of articular disease — juvenile rheumatoid arthropathy. This disease occurs only up to 16 years. With this ailment is characterized by the following symptoms: a rash on the skin, lymph nodes, leukemia and high temperature. The reason for the appearance of the pathology is still not known.

In some cases this kind of arthritis among kids is their own, and in the rest of the recovery occurs only after 6-9 months of medical procedures.

Diagnostic measures

To get an accurate diagnosis is important history. It is important to determine the nature and time of occurrence of pain, damage history, and concomitant somatic pathologies, such as gout, diabetes or rheumatoid arthritis. Moreover, the specialist will need information about the surgical interventions, infections and General symptoms.

The Doctor with the help of physical diagnosis will detect the presence of crisp sound, local pain in the knee joint, it is possible it range of motion, swelling and swelling. In addition, the specialist can carry out functional tests to identify any instability.

Then the patient will have to undergo laboratory tests. For detection of the inflammatory process, it is sufficient to take a blood test. Biochemical examination will help to identify metabolic disorders. And in order to determine whether any of the organism specific antibodies to their own tissues or infections, rent ELISA tests.

Do x-rays to reveal osteophytes, subluxation, increase joint, thinning of the cartilage. Have resorted to computed tomography and magnetic resonance diagnosis. If there is suspicion of differentiation of stress fractures or cancer, we conduct a bone scan with the use of radioisotopes.

Treatment activities

Arthropathy, the treatment of which involves the reception of different medicines, the passage of physical therapy and local therapy, the patient requires a lot of patience and strict compliance with the instructions of the expert. When choosing tactics of treatment, his individual approach to each patient is required.

To Treat arthropathy begin with medications to eliminate the inflammation and chlamydial infection, which could cause the appearance of the pathology. People with the described diagnosis prescribe non-steroidal drugs to reduce pain and inflammation in the joint. The most common among these medications are "Ibuprofen", "Diclofenac", "Piroxicam" and "Naklofen". But a long and uncontrolled use of this tool are able to cause gastropathy.

If in the treatment of arthropathies nonsteroidal drugs do not help, it is better to go to glucocorticoid drugs. The most effective in this case be "Methylprednisolone" or "Prednisolone". And to avoid ulcers, dyspepsia and erosions associated with taking non-steroidal drugs, it is necessary to take "Misoprostol" or "Famotidine".

The antibiotic therapy used drugs from the group of ftorhinolon and macrolides, as well as from tetracycline: "Minocycline", "Spiramycin", "Ofloxacin" and others. Duration of treatment is not less than a month. But to completely get rid of chlamydia, in addition to antibiotics, it is recommended to take medication aimed at restoring intestinal flora: "Acipol", "Lactobacterin", "Linex" or "Bifiform".

Whennecessary, carry out a puncture of the diseased joint, to bring in glucocorticoid means and to remove the exudate. People suffering from reactive arthropathy of the ankle and knee joints, this usually appoint a "Diprospan".

For local therapy use applications of dimethyl sulfoxide, and anti-inflammatory creams and ointments: "the first days without", "Fastum gel", "Diclofenac". Arising in the mucous membranes and the skin pathological changes, as a rule, do not require special treatment.

Physical therapy in lesions of joints

If pathology is passed into the subacute stage, to the basic therapy adds therapeutic exercise, massage and different treatments. The most effective in this situation are:

• Electrophoresis
• Paraffin baths;
• Laser therapy;
• Magnetic therapy;
• Ultraviolet radiation.

Clinical supervision

Patients who had experienced arthropathy, regularly watched by a rheumatologist or internist in six months. In addition, they must take place every 60 days clinical and laboratory control. The prognosis of reactive arthritis in many cases quite favorable and optimistic.

The Duration of illness is usually about 3 months but in some patients it can become chronic with characteristic clinical manifestations of lesions of the mucous membranes, eyes, joints and skin.

How to avoid arthropathy

To Start the prevention of this pathology is necessary from childhood. To prevent the occurrence of reactive arthritis, the child should promptly treat all infectious diseases, not to let the process take its course. And this should be done strictly under medical supervision until complete recovery.

In the place of residence, it is important to ensure normal air circulation and humidity, but also to observe cleanliness. Do not forget about personal hygiene. Pets also must be constantly bathed with special shampoos.

At the first suspicion of arthropathy immediately contact your doctor. Only after a comprehensive examination, the exact diagnosis and effective treatment is assigned. If fears were confirmed, you have definitely seen the rheumatologist and strictly implement all its recommendations.