Coxsackie virus in Turkey: symptoms, treatment, predictions

In the midst of the summer season 2017 appeared first on sick tourists. Until the end of summer the number of people infected with Coxsackie virus in Turkey has increased, but with the onset of autumn their numbers, even approximate, was never installed. In early August, Rospotrebnadzor has opened a hot Internet line, which already by the middle of the month received over 500 messages about infected. In early September this figure increased to over 800 complaints, and the NTV channel reported about the spread of infection in several regions of Russia.

Ahead of the autumn season. And if students have their holidays are celebrated, young children at the time to take to the sea. What to do if a voucher is purchased, go to the resort you really want, but Coxsackie virus in Turkey afraid of? You should find out all the data about the danger, to weigh the degree of risk and only then make the decision.

General information

Today the topic of the disease and taken with an electron microscope photo of Coxsackie virus in Turkey has become especially popular on foreign websites. This pathogen belongs to the enteroviruses, that is, those that reproduce in the gastrointestinal tract. In the middle of the last century it was discovered in new York scientists, when looking for treatments for polio. Extracted from the laboratory material in the small village of Coxsackie (new York) viruses was first described, but the disease caused by them, then was not known.

Was Later established that these viruses are one of the main factors that cause aseptic meningitis. Of the two known strains of 23 types of Coxsackie A, 6 types — Coxsackie B. Some of them are without complications, others affect a number of organs and taking severe. Until today, no one answered the question, what strain and type of Coxsackie in Turkey infected with our tourists. But what about the cases that led to meningitis or other serious forms, yet never reported.

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Transmission

Spread the infection not just sick people. Otherwise healthy with no visible symptoms of virus carriers is 17–46 % of those who had contact with the infection. Both of these sources for quite a long time, up to 14 days, threaten others with risk of infection. Because caused by the Coxsackie virus of the disease may occur not only in the poorest countries but also in a completely safe and prosperous.

The Global prevalence

Coxsackie Virus in Turkey — the phenomenon is not exceptional. School of Greece in 2002, closed for quarantine due to the outbreak strain B (46 infected). In 2016, the Daily Mail wrote about 17 British who became ill during travel. Annually in the American press mention Coxsackie as a seasonal disease. It is worth mentioning that US residents long journeys often make for Latin America. And this year, Mexican media reported 394 cases in the country.

But there were two cases of the epidemic of Coxsackie virus, which claimed children's lives. Of the 2,600 children infected with the virus tapas A, Malaysia (1997) 29 died from the severe forms and complications. The largest epidemic broke out in East China's Shandong province. 2005: 2477 was sick and one died. 2006: infected 3030 people died — one. 2007: more than 800 of those infected, has killed one child. These are the official data. But reports Shandong bloggers in 2007 alone killed 26 children.

Citing these data, we cannot say that the outbreak of Coxsackie virus in Turkey. While that is a separate small foci of infection that broke out in the territories of the hotels.

The Mechanism and route of transmission

Enteroviruses are common and distributed worldwide. The primary source of the virus — feces. A carrier is a person. Methods of infection: by mouth, respiratory tract, transplacental (mother-fetus). Is spread through food, water, objects, tactile contact, by airborne droplets. The means of transmission is considered in more detail.

1. A Way of expanding Coxsackie often begins with uncleared and unprocessed organic fertilizers. Traces of fecal fertilizers can cause contamination remaining on poorly washed and eaten raw vegetables, greens, wild berry.
2. Fertilizer and the contents of cesspools with sediment and sewage goes into open waters. Subject to the contamination of the environment the virus along with the water during bathing enters the nose or mouth, especially as it relates to children. The risk of infection remains also, if you use this water for washing dishes or products.
3. Handshake and household items are dangerous if after contact unwashed hands are put in the mouth or does food (fruit, candy, biscuit, bread), and, again, goes to the mouth. In this way children often do.
4. In places of public catering, the infection is transmitted through utensils and crude field culture in the non-compliance with basic rules for their processing.
5. Aerosol spread is possible from an already sick person, because the virus, taking root and multiply in the nasopharynx, goes into the air during talking, sneezing orcough of infected person.
6. Placental infection is allowed even if the mother does not have any symptoms of Coxsackie.

Understanding the mechanism of transmission, we can assume that the threat is not only a resort area. Even knowing in which hotels in Turkey Coxsackie virus discovered by avoiding them, you can become infected on the way back home: in the bus, collecting tourists from all the hotels, at the airport, when landing and even in the cabin.

Infection

Getting into the human body, the Coxsackie virus is introduced and begins reproduction in the submucosa of the intestinal tract and nasopharynx. Then penetrates and continues to breed in the group of regional lymph nodes. On average, three days after the introduction of the virus from the lymph nodes through the blood vessels begin to spread to other tissues, where it ends up and multiply again. This happens initial and subsequent distribution of Coxsackie: the movement through the blood channels to the organs and tissues, infection, reproduction and subsequent move. This continues until the human body begins to produce characteristic antibodies. They are a major factor in recovery, since there are no effective methods for the treatment of Coxsackie in Turkey.

Symptoms

From the penetration into the body of the virus and before the appearance of disease signs usually takes 2–4 days. Sometimes the incubation period is extended to 10 days. The clinical nature of the infection may differ significantly from the previous one. It is possible to allocate some common symptoms of Coxsackie virus in Turkey, although they are mixed.

1. The Disease begins with fever up to 39-40 degrees, possible headaches, fatigue, dizziness, sleep disorders and appetite.
2. There are signs of poisoning: nausea with retching, sometimes multiple and strong. Functional gastrointestinal disorders can also occur from periodic spasms to acute diarrhea.
3. Polymorphic exanthema (rash, varying in form and type) occurs in all body parts, including hands, feet, mouth.
4. Catarrhal phenomena: different degrees of inflammation, redness of the mucosa of the nose and throat, coated tongue.
5. The Characteristic features of any enteroviral infection: skin on the upper torso marked redness. This redness, which come in different shape, size and saturation. For the same reason, redness of the eyeballs.

These Are the symptoms characteristic of infection of Coxsackie in Turkey. Not all of these signs may occur simultaneously, especially in adults or during sluggish and slow course of the disease.

Form and prognosis of the disease

Based on the described Network of symptoms that were diagnosed as infected with the virus, and information about how the disease, it can be assumed that there are several forms, each of which are not life-threatening.

1. Enterovirus rash: rash appears on the peak or when the temperature drops after the disappearance leaves no marks and pigmentation.
2. Enterovirus fever, or summer flu, is the most gentle form of temperature as for 1–3 days and light common manifestation of enterovirus infection. Caused by Coxsackie A types 4, 9, 10, 21, 24.
3. Catarrhal (respiratory) flu-like. Fever lasts up to four days.
4. The Intestinal form is caused by types 1, 2, 5 V. Coxsackie Lasts 1-2 weeks at 3-to 5-day high fever, sometimes occurs in two waves.

The course of the disease and its prognosis is favorable for all four cases and severe forms of this infection have not yet been noted.

Media impact on Coxsackie

The Virus is resistant to ether, 70%-th alcohol, 5-percent bactericidal solution of Lysol, freeze, wide range of pH synthetic detergents. But lose biological activity or destroyed:

• Chlorine solution (0,3-0,5 g on 1 l of water) and 0.3 % formaldehyde;
• With the gradual heating to a temperature above 56 degrees;
• When dry;
• When exposed to UV radiation.

It Can be concluded on the basis of the following factors: water basins affected by the virus Coxsackie hotels in Turkey is likely safe, as it contains chlorine and is constantly under the influence of ultraviolet radiation.

Treatment

Development of enterovirus vaccine does not give positive results. And as such radical therapies aimed at the treatment of Coxsackie virus in Turkey does not exist. In the manual for medical school “paediatric infectious diseases” L. G. Kuzmenko in various forms of enterovirus diseases recommended detoxification therapy and symptomatic drugs. The Network referred to antihistamine medications prescribed by your doctor to a child infected with Coxsackie virus in Turkey. Briefly explain the need for two reliable recommendations.

Detoxification therapy

Medication is removed by sorption of harmful substances, thus reducing the toxicity of the body. Used for gastrointestinal infectionsdiarrhea, allergic and viral rash.

The Most affordable and common means — activated charcoal, but it is contraindicated in ulcerative diseases, can irritate the mucous layer of the gastrointestinal tract. “Filtrum STI” — similar to the drug.

Much softer and more effective acting “Effective” (can be used for children under one year old), “Remedy” (children up to three years), “POLYSORB”.

Symptomatic drugs

Able to reduce or temporarily eliminate some symptoms, but not affect the cause and the disease process. This means painkillers and antipyretics ("Paracetamol"), reducing aqueous-alkaline balance in vomiting or diarrhea (“Regidron”), external use, a healing and soothing itchy skin (“Infiel”, “interferon”), sprays to reduce pain and inflammation of the throat.

Relief measure

If, however, the decision about the trip is accepted, two questions arise: how to protect yourself from infection and some hotels in Turkey Coxsackie virus marked to avoid them?

Prophylactic measures against enteroviral infections has not been developed. All in the same “Pediatric infectious diseases” L. G. Kuzmenko suggested extra preventive measures for children aged one to three:

• Introduction of 0.3 ml of antibody per kilogram of body weight.
• Nose 5 drops of interferon — three times a day during the week.

The rest is hygiene and strict control over the cleanliness of hands. You can still be well advised to stock up on plenty of antibacterial wet wipes anywhere with them not to leave. The virus they will not destroy, but effectively help in places where there is no possibility to wash hands. You should also refrain from buying products especially those that cannot be processed carefully. It is useful to use only bottled water. And in the tourist bus, airport, plane don't be embarrassed to wear a preventative mask.

Hotels

As for the cities and hotels where reported outbreaks of Coxsackie virus in Turkey, reviews of tourists indicate the following:

• Nashira, Starlight in side;
• Papillon in Belek;
• Limak Limra in Kemer;
• Delphin Deluxe Antalya.

Official reports on positive hotels not found. The impression is that the domestic media are also aimed at information rest. The Turkish authorities stubbornly resist publication of the list of resorts, where there were cases of infection.

What will be the velvet season Turkish coast. The foci will expand or go out? To predict it no one can. The article contains maximum information known about the Coxsackie virus today. Perhaps these data will help someone to navigate and to make a final decision on whether to travel to the Turkish resort.