To means of collective protection are what means? The purpose and application of collective protection

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2018-03-23 10:29:17

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Every company should execute the relevant rules on labor protection at the same time two or more workers. To means of collective protection include devices or structures that guarantee the possibility. Life safety and health of employees is mandatory in every company.

to the means of collective protection are

Must be ensured regarding the possible radiation, electric shock, thermal effects, vibration, biological, chemical, mechanical factors, noise, and more. Collective protection the company develops specifically for this. Such devices are divided into two main groups. Some are designed to ensure the safety of employees in the workplace, while others serve as shelters in the event of emergencies.

Classification of collective protection

RMS reduce the probability of or completely prevent impact on personnel of industrial hazards to health. Funds are used to normalize the lighting and air cleaning in workplaces. Each company is required to provide for the protection from falling from height, contact with electricity, from biological, chemical and mechanical influences. Always observed the suitable for the body temperature range. Workers must not be exposed to lasers, ultrasound, vibration, noise, electric fields, infrared, ionizing, electromagnetic, ultraviolet radiation.

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The Safety of the air environment and lighting

The collective protection includes devices for ventilation, air conditioning, deodorization, maintenance of barometric pressure, alarm systems, and Autonomous control of the airspace. RMS values for normalization of visual conditions in workplaces represent light openings, lights, lights, protective devices.

collective protection in the enterprise

The Effects of infrared, electromagnetic, ultraviolet radiation, noise, and current

The collective protection include protective, preventive, sealing device, protection cover, devices for purifying liquids or air, decontamination, sealing, automatic control, control in a certain range, fixtures for storage or transfer of radioactive elements, containers, safety signs. The noise is suppressed due to the special technique, sound insulating and absorbing coatings. To protect personnel from electric shock, use of insulating materials, grounding, control devices, alarms and automatic shut-off.

Static electricity temperature

The collective protection are moisturizing, grounding, shielding devices, catalysts and antistatic agents. RMS against low or high temperatures, equipment and air constitute the devices for heating or cooling, alarm, control distance, automatic control, protective and insulating device.
Mechanical, chemical exposure, and biological factors also are subject to a maximum of neutralization.

collective protection from weapons of mass destruction

Preventing falls from height

Protection represent safety signs, sealing, protective, safety devices, signal devices, automatic control, control at a distance, remove toxins, purify air, drugs and equipment for disinfestation, disinfection, sterilization, protective mesh.

Fire-technical products

Tools of individual and collective protection of employees in case of fire must be available at each facility. The corresponding order of the Ministry of interior, employees have the right to access devices and structures to ensure group security as well as special technical devices to prevent fire or sustain. People's safety must be maintained while the work to extinguish the flames and there is a threat to their health. In the design of buildings should be provided for fire walls, shelters, Windows, doors, and the location of the tools in the elimination of fires and personal protection of employees.

 means of individual and collective protection of employees

Occupational health

Modes of work in hot weather in open areas and industrial premises in warm season of the year involve the use of collective protection of personnel, for hygienic reasons (prevention of thermal shock).

Civil defense

To the collective protection of the population include the various shelters in case of disasters, war, accidents. The relevance of their organizations to companies located in hazardous area, cannot be questioned. Government regulations are created to regulatethe design and operation of RMS.

Collective protection from weapons of mass destruction

RMS is a modern engineering structure, designed to protect the public. This is the most reliable means of defence of citizens in case of use of means of attack, the consequences of which are massive. As shelters can be used in a fallout shelter.

Collective protection from weapons of mass destruction prevent the influence of harmful gases, biological and other toxic substances, high temperatures, the effects of nuclear explosions. In such shelters provides several rooms for the accommodation of people and equipment, and ventilation chambers, bathrooms, medical rooms, storage rooms, units and locations of water extraction. For the most part in such projects there are several exits that are closed absolutely tight hatch or door. They are always located in areas where the possibility of collapse. Spacious designs include airlocks and mine.

using collective protection

Ventilation

RMS of the Supply air occurs in several modes. Possible clean the ventilation and filtration. Restoration of oxygen supply and function of the complete isolation provided in shelters erected in areas of high probability of occurrence of a fire. The system of supply of electricity, water, heating, Sewerage connected with external networks.

In shelters provides portable duplicating device in case of failure of the main stationary, as well as storage tanks for water and waste collection. Heated by operation of heating networks. All shelters should be equipped with means of extinguishing the fire, intelligence, protective clothing and spare tools.

Radiation

Tools of individual and collective protection of workers in infected areas prevent radiation ionizing, optical radiation and neutron flux, provide shelter from the shock wave, avoid the ingestion of toxic and biological substances. For the most part the shelters were equipped in the basement. Does not exclude the possibility of quick construction of shelters of reinforced concrete elements, timber, bricks, stones and even twigs.

All Kinds of recessed areas can be converted into a fallout shelter. These include cellars, caves, basements, underground mines, storages for vegetables. The main characteristic of collective protection of this type – this is a fairly high strength of the walls.

Improving the security of premises

This sealed Windows and unused doorways, on the floor laid a layer of soil. As necessary is the outer crust of walls, protruding above the ground. Collective protection enterprise specially sealed. Sealed the cracks, holes or cracks on ceilings and walls, on the ground of the output wiring and heating pipes, as well as on the slopes of the Windows. Doors are upholstered with felt or some other thick cloth.

The Exhaust and supply ducts provided for ventilation of the premises with a small area. In buildings designed for shelter but not equipped with water supply system, installed capacity for liquid with a rate of 4 liters per person per day. The bathroom is equipped with a cesspool. Can be mounted external container or a composting toilet. Also mounted the chairs, benches and caches for food. The outer grid provides illumination of such premises.

classification of means of collective protection

Upgrading cellars

The security Properties of each collective protection, the use of which according to plan should provide shelter from radiation, can dramatically increase due to additional equipment. After the commandant of the asylum will give appropriate instructions, all sealed doors, emergency exits, vent plugs are closed. Activated air filtration system. When the penetration of toxic or poisonous substances every inhabitant of the shelter must immediately wear personal protection respiratory.

If possible, you need to activate the installation for filtration of oxygen if near the shelter there is a fire or grew too large concentration of potent poisons. Pre-need to put shelter in full isolation. Many people think that to collective means of protection include masks. This individual devices designed for personal use, which should be completed each shelter. After weathering harmful substances out of hiding masks can be removed.

Common rules

Only the headquarters of the facility, FIRST determine the required duration of use of collective protection of workers. Rules of conduct during an exit, and a procedure should be established in advance. The residents receive all the instructions by phone or by using any other means of communication. Managing link services should be alerted to the possibility of coming out of hiding.

Simple shelters

What are collective protection can be attributed to the simplest? It is an open or closed slit,which can be built with the materials at hand. The protective properties of simple shelters are very reliable. Through their use of penetrating radiation, shock wave and light radiation inflict less damage. Exposure, and biological action of toxic substances on the skin is reduced.

The Cracks are built in areas where the possibility of blockages or flooding of rainwater and meltwater. First create an open design. This trench in the form of a zigzag, consisting of several parcels of more than 15 meters in length. Depth – up to 2 meters and a width of about 1 meter. This shelter seats 50 people. Before you equip a slot, you must lay out its plan for the area.

 what means of collective protection

Conclusion

Today everyone can know which remedies shall be collective. These facilities and devices are in place to ensure safety of the working personnel and for the defense of citizens in cases of natural disasters, the threat of exposure to radioactive or chemical substances. The shelter can be equipped in any basement or building with thick enough walls. Each shelter should be equipped with the necessary devices for maintaining full cycle human activity, as well as a sufficient amount of the personal protection of the inhabitants.


Article in other languages:

BE: https://tostpost.com/be/nav-ny-gramadstva/7505-da-srodka-kalekty-nay-abarony-stavyacca-yak-ya-srodk-pryznachenne-prym.html

DE: https://tostpost.com/de/news-und-gesellschaft/7507-zu-den-mitteln-der-kollektiven-schutz-geh-ren-welche-medien-zweck-und-.html

ES: https://tostpost.com/es/noticias-y-sociedad/7512-a-los-medios-de-protecci-n-colectiva-son-cu-les-son-los-medios-la-asig.html

KK: https://tostpost.com/kk/zha-aly-tar-o-am/7508-raldar-zhymdy-or-au-zhatady-anday-ta-ayyndau-zh-ne-zhymdy-or-au-raldar.html

PL: https://tostpost.com/pl/aktualno-ci-i-spo-ecze-stwo/7509-do-rodk-w-ochrony-zbiorowej-nale-jakie-rodki-przydzia-i-stosowanie-rod.html

PT: https://tostpost.com/pt/not-cias-e-sociedade/7505-aos-meios-de-prote-o-coletiva-s-o-que-meios-a-atribui-o-e-a-utiliza-o-.html

TR: https://tostpost.com/tr/haber-ve-toplum/7512-ara-lar-toplu-koruma-tedavi-ne-demektir-hedef-ve-uygulama-ara-lar-topl.html

UK: https://tostpost.com/uk/novini-ta-susp-l-stvo/7510-do-zasob-v-kolektivnogo-zahistu-nalezhat-yak-koshti-priznachennya-ta-z.html






Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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