In this article we will consider the question concerning natural phenomena. What are grabens and how they are formed? Also, going forward, pay attention to the opposite of a Graben is Gorst.
Graben is a sunken part of the earth's crust, which was formed as a result of tectonic fault and clearly stands out among the raised areas.
Grabens usually appear as a result of tensile forces around the raised land. Under the action of the subsidence and a dip of rock formations.
The edges of the Graben appear raised parts, which are formed as a result of the accumulation of new breeds, they are called "wings Graben".
The length can reach several tens and hundreds of kilometers in width. The most pronounced and widely known grabens are located in East Africa. They are located along lakes Tanganyika, Victoria, Nyansa. Russia has the largest Graben is the Barguzin basin, the basin of the lake Baikal.
In the Solar system, the largest Graben, Valles Marineris, located on Mars. The reason for the formation of volcanic activity.
Gorst is elevated along faults of the earth crust block, founded as a result of tectonic movements.
On the surface there are three types of gorstew:
Often a set of gorstew create mountains with flat tops. Length usually reaches hundreds and a width of tens of kilometers, a height of several thousand meters. Examples of gorstew are a mountain range in Spain's Sierra Nevada mountain range in southwest Germany's black forest.
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For the First time the term "Gorst" was introduced in the science of Geology in 1873 by Austrian Edward Suess. Speaking your own words, Graben is a depression, Gorst - hill.
Rift - linear-horizontal large depression in the earth's crust. Normally it is a set of valleys, occupying a vast territory area.
There are two types of rift zones - oceanic and continental.
The First result from the effects of magmatic melt coming from the depths of the Earth to the ocean floor. Magma under pressure pushes the rigid lithospheric plate, the result of this process is formed by young oceanic crust.
Continental rift zones are formed as a result of raising to the surface of the plumes (hot mantle), with active volcanism occurs a thinning and stretching continental crust. These rifts can lead to the formation of a new ocean. In the East African rift system, namely in the region of afar, in some places formed a young oceanic crust.
The Rift that stopped in development and turned into oceans, are called aulacogens. Usually, in such places formed deposits of natural resources. For example, the Devonian Donetsk trough is a major coal Deposit.
Usually a combination of a Horst-Graben is an aulacogen.
Article in other languages:
TR: https://tostpost.com/tr/haber-ve-toplum/5107-graben---bu-nedir-grabeny-ve-nas-l-olu-ur.html
Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."
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