Fish of the salmon species. The types of salmon and their description

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2018-03-24 14:58:20

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Salmon are the only family of fish, which is a suborder leaseoperating. There is no person who at least once have not tried the dishes of salmon or salmon, grayling or salmon. But the fish salmon is considered a delicacy among gourmets. Also around the world is famous for red caviar. But not everyone knows that the list of representatives who are called in one word "salmon" is quite extensive.

List of representatives leaseoperating

This family consists of those representatives of the salmon, like pink salmon, and lenok, taimen and grayling, Arctic char and Arctic Cisco, whitefish and trout, Chinook salmon and coho, sockeye and chum salmon, Steelhead and rainbow trout. Particularly known to many salmon and trout that call fish of several different types. These names are like collective.

Salmon breeds of fishes, a list of which is presented here, refer to freshwater and through, that is, living in the seas, but going to spawn in freshwater rivers. Sometimes this path of life for them and their unborn offspring.

The Fishes of this family inhabit the oceans – Pacific and Atlantic, as well as in the fresh waters of the middle and Northern latitudes and in the waters of the Northern hemisphere. The largest spawning grounds of the Kamchatka is considered.

Almost all types of salmon valued as food fish. And is their production, not only for the delicious tasty and valuable meat, but for the extremely expensive red caviar, which is also a delicacy. That's why some salmon species are now on the verge of extinction. Some species are even listed in the "Red book" for their protection.

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The Fish salmon is a fish of the salmon species, which are artificially bred and cultivated. Fish farmers also breed some species of trout.

Basic parameters of representatives of salmon

The body Length of representatives of salmon ranges from very small sizes, only a few centimeters to two meters. The smallest are the white-fish, but salmon, trout and Chinook salmon being the largest, reach a weight of 70 kilograms.

Usually the life of these fishes is limited to 15 years. But sometimes some of them are real long-livers. For example, was discovered taimen is a fish of the salmon species, which lived more than 50 years and at the moment of capture weighed 105 pounds! And the size of this survivor surprised all: two and a half meters – that was the length of its body!

Appearance leaseoperating

Representatives leaseoperating in their structure is extremely close to the clupeiformes. Apparently, for a long time and considered their closest relatives, all known herring. But relatively recently, scientists who study fishes, have proved that it is an independent party. Due to this discovery, they were put into a separate group that has called – asociarse.

The Body of these fishes is compressed laterally, elongated and covered with round scales. In some species, the scales have comb-like edge. Many salmon are distinguished by the presence of spots on the body, a kind of nakrap. A distinctive feature is the lateral line running along the body.

Fins leaseoperating

The Pectoral fins of all species of this family have no spiny rays. They are nizkosidyaschih. But in the ventral fins is six or more rays.

There is another interesting difference between these fish. This, for example, dorsal fins, which is observed in two salmon. One of them, a real one, with lots of rays. And in salmonids it contains from 10 to 16 seeds, and Harisovich – 17 to 24. Behind real is another bezrukovoj fin, which is called fat. It is located directly opposite the anal fin and is characteristic of fishes of this family.

Structure leaseoperating

There are also other differences between members of this family from all others. For example, fish of the salmon species has a swim bladder connected with the oesophagus by a special channel. Intestines it is equipped with many pyloric appendages. The mouth of fish of the salmon family from the top edges of two pairs of bones called the premaxillary and the maxillary.

An Interesting feature of different females who have no rudimentary infundibulum, causing the eggs when ripe are dropped out from the ovary directly into the body cavity.

Fish-salmon surprise that she has in front of the transparent eyelids. Also most leaseoperating never fully ossified skeleton. For example, almost the entire skull consists of cartilage, and lateral processes do not prihramyvaya to the bodies of the vertebrae.

fish salmon

Poaching is destroying the offspring of salmon

During the spawning season pronounced other distinctive features of this family of fish. The fact that this process occurs only in fresh water. Therefore, diadromous fishes living in the oceans and seas where the water is salty, to spawn against the current rise in rivers and streams. Lake asociarse also go back to the place where there was the light itself.

Still, there are many hypotheses explaining why and what the fish need to get to the spawning grounds to the place of his birth. But the poachers do not break on this issue the head. They use this circumstance, mercilessly ruining a huge amount of expensive fish ready to give birth to countless descendants. On the way to the spawning grounds exhibitedthe network using explosive packages. As a result, the light does not appear a huge amount of salmon.

Act in this way, the poachers not only because spawning fish extremely easy to catch. The question still rests also in the fact that before the spawning season of salmon occur internal metamorphosis. For example, they have degenerates the stomach, liver and intestines, the meat loses its elasticity and fat content, which naturally affects the taste of the product.

Salmon Spawning

As already noted, in the period before breeding dramatically changes the fish of the salmon family. In addition to the loss of its gustatory qualities of meat, they are transformed and externally: the body loses its silver, its color becomes bright red appear on the body and black spots, it gets higher. Males of some species acquire the humps, and that was the appearance of the name of one of the types – pink.

Change jaw salmon: the top curves down and the bottom, on the contrary, upwards, increasing the size of the teeth.

Fish is a male salmon during the spawning season gets a bright nuptial outfit. Each subspecies and variety looks at this time is different.

It is Known that the vast majority of anadromous salmon die after spawning. Such a fate awaits Pacific salmon, sockeye salmon, pink salmon, and some others. But among the Atlantic species, in particular salmon, some individuals manage to stay alive. Documented cases of spawning of other fish has occurred four times, one time it was counted a record & ndash; salmon came to breed for the fifth time!

the trout salmon family

Trout

The Extremely huge list of representatives of salmon. Different species by their appearance and habitat. An example is the fish trout - salmon family. After all, it is not one particular species, a collective name of several. Appearance not every person is able to determine the exact affiliation of individuals to a particular species. But experts distinguish Scottish and Alpine, European and American, river, and lake and rainbow trout. All representatives of this breed of fish is very beautiful.

Speaking of rainbow trout, not to mention its advantages over all other varieties. This hardy fish is very tasty, but also extremely beautiful. Her name appeared because of the bright color of the body, which shimmers in the light with all the colors of rainbow.

Trout has industrial importance as it successfully bred artificially for hunting, and for food. In some restaurants, gourmets are offered to choose a live fish in artificial ponds, which cooks caught nets and prepared by the customer. To breed trout in addition to trout species include trout and char.

fish salmon

Chinook salmon

This representative leaseoperating spawns mainly in the Koryak highlands, the Kamchatka Peninsula and the commander Islands. Chinook – one of the largest salmon in the Pacific ocean, as well as the largest freshwater northeast fish. Some specimens reach a weight of sixty pounds with a body length of nearly one and a half meters. The color of king salmon is characterized by a mottling: small specks and dots scattered on the top of the head, tail and dorsal fins and upper half of the body.

types of salmon

Katy

Almost all salmon breeds of fishes, a photo of which is presented in this article have spots on body and fins. But chum salmon are distinguished by their absence. Often it is possible to notice faint signs of a marriage outfit. It is usually pink or grayish bands, which pass across the body.

In the period of spawning chum salmon stands out sharply among all the varieties of salmon. This is because her body is decorated with transverse red and black with green stripes. And males of chum salmon surprise with its huge teeth, which actively grow during this period so that they don't even have the ability to close the mouth.

representatives of the salmon

Sockeye salmon

A Second name of the representative of salmon-red fish because its meat is not pink, like all the other representatives of salmonids, and intense red. And during the mating period of this species of salmon has a unique coloration: green head and red body.

Before spawning the female is building the nest for their future offspring. She energetically moves the fins over the pebbly ground, washing away the fine sand and silt. Then nerka throws eggs, which, depending on the ambient temperature evolves from 50 to 150 days. Until resorption of yolk SAC larvae remain in the mother-female nests.

salmon fish

Grayling

This is one of the most beautiful representatives of the salmon. He has a plain dark grey back and flanks, some species have black spots of various shapes and sizes. Siberian and deltapatents, and nizhneamurskaya Amur and Baikal graylings are characterized by the presence of large reddish spots on sides of abdomen. Pelvic fins are decorated with red-brown stripes. These colored paths are cast purple hues. Bright Burgundy tail and analthe fins of the grayling complete portrait of this handsome man.

salmon fish photo

SIG

This species of salmonids considered polymorphic as to highlight features that are specific to this species, is quite difficult. It is perhaps worth noting the absence of teeth and the presence of the lower mouth. For some species one can observe a pronounced rylnye site. Among salmon this species includes the smallest representatives.

The length of the body from whitefish can be 10 cm for smaller species and up to 60 cm-large. The life of these fish can reach up to 20 years, but catches the most common species from 7 to 10 years. Semi-anadromous and lake whitefish can grow up to 68 cm in length and can weigh up to 2 kg. The largest specimen, which failed to catch, had a mass of 12 kg.

To Tell you about the salmon can be infinite - there's so much amazing and interesting connected with this family of fish.


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DE: https://tostpost.com/de/news-und-gesellschaft/8915-fische-salmoniden-rassen-arten-von-salmoniden-und-deren-beschreibung.html

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UK: https://tostpost.com/uk/novini-ta-susp-l-stvo/8919-riba-lososevih-por-d-vidi-lososevih-ta-h-opis.html






Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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