Sichuan province, China: population, economy, geography

Sichuan-a province in China with its capital in Chengdu. She is one of the largest regions of the country. She has no outlet to the sea, but surrounded by mountains. At least five objects of the province belong to the world heritage. Where is Sichuan? Than the lives of its population? What cultural and geographical features it has?

Sichuan, China

The Province is located in the Central part of the country, closer to the South-West. It is surrounded by six provinces: Huicai, Qinghai, Yunnan,Shaanxi, Gansu and Tibet Autonomous region. Across Sichuan has a major river Ansty – the deepest in the whole of Eurasia. In the South, the river forms the border between Sichuan and Tibet.

The Province was formed in 1955, but its history began more than three thousand years ago. In the Middle ages its place was the region Coinsa. It was divided into four separate region, which became part of the modern province. This story is preserved in the name of Sichuan, which is the acronym for “four areas Coinsa”.

Sichuan in China ranks fifth in area. It covers an area of 491 146 square kilometers. Administratively the region is divided into 17 urban and 3 Autonomous districts and one city and a sub value. The main city of Sichuan-Chengdu, located in the Central part of the region.

Topography

Sichuan Province has a wavy relief. Its territory is covered with hills, between which are located the hills and valleys. From West to East the height of the terrain decreases. The center and East of the province is the Sichuan basin-an extensive cavity (170 000 km²), is surrounded by mountains up to a height of 4 km. Depression is also uneven, inside it there are hills. The soil in the region often has a purple tint in the depressions they are reddish and are composed peschaniki.

Recommended

Competition is the rivalry between participants in the market economy. Types and functions of competition

Competition – a concept inherent in a market economy. Every participant in the financial and commercial relations, seeks to take the best place in the environment where it must operate. For this reason, there is stiff competition. The struggle ...

The mayor: powers and duties. Elections of the mayor

Normal functioning of all systems of the settlement, competent and timely execution of tasks in the sphere of economic, social and other areas of development is impossible without control of the mayor. But how voters can evaluate the quality of work ...

Francisco Franco: biography and political activities

When the civil war began in Spain, General Francisco Franco (Francisco Paulino of Hermenegildo Teodulo Franco Bahamonde - full name) celebrated its arakatzailea, but he seemed already tired of life and much older than his years. To unpresentable appe...

The Central part of the basin, cross mountain Lungagnani. From their Western slopes starts the largest in the province of Chengdu plain with an area of more than 6 000 km². The second largest plain is located in South-West Sichuan.

The North and West of the province is Suzunskii Alps or Sino-Tibetan mountains that frame the edge of the basin. There is a zone of seismic activity, and occasional disasters. Recent Sichuan earthquake (China) is experienced in 2017, before the shocks occurred in 2013 and 2008.

The largest in the province's peak is on the ridge of the dasyus. This mount Ungasan reaching 7556 km in height. It is surrounded by another 150 peaks of a height of 5-6 km. They are famous for their pyramidal tops with four faces, and long glaciers with a thickness of up to 300 meters.

Climate

Because of the heterogeneity of landscapes, the climate in Sichuan is very different. It is mainly subtropical. In the southern and Eastern parts of the area influenced by the monsoon, which hit it heavy rains. The winters are warm, dry and cloudy, and summers are hot, humid and short. The average annual temperature of 15-19 degrees. Despite this, the number of Sunny days is almost the same as in Norway or London

In the mountainous regions the climate is cooler, but sunnier – up to 2500 hours per year. The average annual temperature in the mountains – from 5 to 15 degrees in the valleys to 20 degrees. Summers here are warm or cool, and winters can be quite cold.

In the mountains are well marked altitudinal zonation. The climate varies from monsoon continental to subarctic. In counties Garza and Sage winter temperature reaches -30 degrees.

Nature

The Mountain ranges of Sichuan province not continuous. They are interrupted by deep gorges and river valleys. In addition to the Yangtze, the region has about 1400 rivers. In the province is about thousands of lakes, some of which are mountainous. In the North-Western district is a lot of swamps.

Landscape-climatic conditions of the area has made the province one of the richest in China on biological and plant resources. Approximately 7 million hectares is covered by dense forests. Plateau covered with pine forests and oak groves. Lifting up, the landscape gradually transform into the treeless tundra.

Sheltered from the cold wind flow, the Sichuan basin is the most favorable place in the province. Its warm and humid climate allows you to farm all year round. In her growing citrus, tobacco, fruits, wheat. On terraced slopes are rice plantations.

Due to the development of agriculture, forest in the basin was destroyed. They were only in the low mountains at the edges of the basin. There are castanopsis, oaks, fir, and metasequoia, which was considered extinct.

In Sichuan is home of the giant Panda, Mandarin, South China tigers, deer, Tibetan pheasant, francolin, Sichuan and other species. Among the rare and exotic animals meet onager, musk deer, like the deer with long fangs, wild yaks, jomolungma bajjbaki.

Economy

Since ancient times, Sichuan in China was considered to be “a province of abundance”. This is one of the most important agricultural regions of the country. In addition, different crops, we collected cocoons of silkworms, bred pigs. The province produces about 20% of wine production in China.

The Industry also plays an important role in the economy of Sichuan. In the province of advanced metallurgy, light and food industry, textiles, building materials, aerospace and automotive industry.

The mountains have provided the province ore, mineral fuel and minerals, namely the largest in China in deposits of cobalt, vanadium, titanium, lithium, rock salt, ores etc. In the Sichuan basin are the country's largest natural gas fields. She is also a leader in the extraction and production of gold.

Numerous elevation changes in areas of the major rivers gives Sichuan great potential in hydropower development. Among the provinces that produce electricity using water power, it is in the first place.

Population

The number of inhabitants of the province ranked fourth in the country. It is inhabited by about 80 million people. Center of Sichuan province and its largest city is Chengdu. It is home to 15 million people. In the Middle ages the city was known for the production of satin and brocade.

The Main population of Sichuan are representatives of the ethnic Han (the main ethnic group in China). In addition, the province live Naxi, Tibetan, Lolo, Qiang and other ethnic groups. The Tibetans and the Qiang are concentrated within Ngawa-Tibetan-Censkogo, Liang-Lyskovo and kangding Tibetan districts.

The Dominant religion of the region are Taoism and Buddhism. Along with them, in the province circulated shenism or Chinese folk religion. One of the aspects is the cult of ancestors, worship of nature, veneration of Heaven as a powerful force, influencing the rulers and people in China. Christians represent less than one percent of the population. In the minority are also Muslims and admirers of Huangdao.

Sights Sichuan

The Highest mountains, winding rivers, dense forests create an unforgettable natural landscapes. Add to this a rich cultural heritage, and get one of the most interesting provinces in China. Sichuan was inhabited by people three thousand years ago. This is evidenced by the remains of the ancient city of Jinsha, the archaeologists found in the city of Chengdu. Now all discovered the gold mask and jewelry, objects of bronze, jade and ivory are stored in the city Museum.

Natural beauty can be best admired in the national parks. Picturesque landscape parks have Ditch Massagen, Haelogo, Jiuzhaigou. Many of them are located in the mountains with crystal clear lakes and incredible glaciers. The most important mountains not only for the residents of the province, but also for the entire Chinese culture are Emei and mount Qingcheng. The first is considered the center of Buddhism, the second – the birthplace of Taoism.

In the province delicious and unique cuisine, many mountains, monasteries and interesting cities. The main objects that you will never miss the tourists in Sichuan are:

• Statue of Buddha in Leshan;
• Mount Emei;
• Valley national Park;
• Irrigation system Dujiangyan;
• Qingcheng mountain;
• Monastery of WAN Nyan;
• Reserves of the giant Panda;
• Tea mountain, Mendingan;
• The rainy city of China, ya'an.

Park Jiuzhaigou

The Park is also called “valley of nine villages”. In it are Tibetan villages, the population of which does not exceed 1000 people. The Park impresses with numerous lakes and cascading waterfalls.

There Jiuzhaigou primeval forest - a piece of landscape, preserved from prehistoric times, Buddhist monastery, high cliffs and deciduous forests, bamboo thickets and ravines. Its lakes have different colors-from green to turquoise, and the water is so transparent that the bottom can be seen even in bodies of water with great depth.

Qingcheng Mountain

One of the most iconic of China locations – Qingcheng mountain. Here it is from an abstract philosophical teachings of Taoism became a religious cult. According to legend, the Daoist Patriarch Zhang Harbin...