Single-mandate district consists of... single-member electoral district

Go To the polls not all. The fact that people don't understand much about how they are. The systems are different, and the elections themselves, too. They say you need to go and vote in single-member districts. What is this? It is this first thought of the majority of voters. What means the expression, and what do you do with him? Let's eliminate "political literacy".

Single-mandate electoral district

To understand what it was about, to invent anything not necessary. Turn to the law (for which elections are held). It is clearly written: single-member districts – is the area from which you can nominate only one representative in the collegial body. That is, candidates can be set, but will win only one. A district formed under different electoral systems. Among them are indicative of the majority, multiparty, proportional and direct delegation. It turns out that single-member districts – is a common enough concept. It can be found in various laws and acts regulating the expression of different groups of the population. Meaning the vote comes down to choosing one of the many. The education districts, their work and other details are determined by special acts. If to speak about elections to bodies of self-government, the relevant law.

How are districts

This work is entrusted to Central election Commission. It generates lists of single-member districts under certain conditions. They should all have approximately the same number of voters. That is, each candidate generated by the voting authority should be equal with other conditions. For example, when elections to the state Duma, each single-mandate election district must combine a certain number of voters. This is necessary to create conditions for equal participation of citizens in political life of the country. After all, their representative will be their to Express an opinion in the formed body. If you do not follow this condition, we get the disparity of the rights of voters. For example, one Deputy will protect the rights of hundreds of citizens, and the other – thousands. It is clear that some people will feel slighted rights. It turns out that single-member districts – is a form of equity during the plebiscites. Deviation from average number of voters allowed. But it should not exceed ten per cent, for hard to reach areas – fifteen.

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Linking to administrative divisions

There are some conditions that are observed in the formation of districts. They can't unite the citizens living in different regions of Russia. That is, each of them formed their own district. While the first condition is about equal to the number of voters should be observed. The exceptions are areas that are separate from the subject, so to say, enclaves. In addition, a district may be formed only from areas bordering each other. For example, the neighboring villages and towns, areas and so on. You cannot associate one County over localities which are separated by other areas that are not included in this education. In practice, do bind to the administrative-territorial units in order to respect the proportionality of representation. In each subject of the Russian Federation created at least one district.

Documentation

The Scheme of single-mandate electoral districts shall be developed not later than one hundred ninety days prior to the expiration of the running of the state Duma. It is to this body for consideration and approval. It must contain the following data: name and number of each district, list of administrative-territorial units belonging to it. In fact – list of cities, villages, towns, areas and so on. If a single metropolis divided between multiple districts, the boundaries are clearly specified. This is followed by the electoral Commission, the number of citizens eligible to vote. Duma approves the scheme of the special law that is made public for one hundred twenty days prior to the expiration of her term.

Exceptional conditions

Legally prescribed, what to do if the Duma does not have the ability to comply with the requirement of publication of the list of single mandate districts. This could theoretically happen in the case of its dissolution. Then the decision is made by the Central election Commission. They proposed two. You must either hold elections under the old scheme, which was approved last popular expression of the same order, or the Commission generates and maintains a private decision new. It is formed taking into account all of the above conditions. That is, in this case, the functions of the state Duma are passed on to the CEC. All this should be decided and announced within ten days. In case of early elections-for seventy-five days prior to the expiration of the term of authority.

Voter

Elections of deputies in single-mandate constituencies are held by a simple voting. This means that, came to the site, you will receive a newsletter in which you want to mark only one candidate. Responsible voters are encouraged to read them in advance so as not to check their identity at the voting booth. Note that if you check multiple, then your choice will be taken into account. The ballot will be considered invalid (spoiled). After the voting ends, is summing up. Members of the local Commission, examining all of the ballots are counting the number of votes cast for each candidate. Separately count the ballots that are spoiled. When the counting finishes, the results are compared. Won is declared the candidate for whom cast their votes for the greatest number of citizens. Quite democratic. Rarely, but sometimes, that turns out not one but two “first”. That is, candidates receive an equal number of votes. Legally prescribed, what to do in such a situation.

What is the single-mandate constituency is considered by the example of elections to the State Duma of the Russian Federation. Principles in other legislative acts remain the same, only the timing of the promulgation of the necessary decisions may vary.