The red book of the Tyumen region: plants, animals, birds

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2019-03-22 02:20:24

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Tyumen oblast is part of the Western Siberia. Its natural conditions are quite extreme, but flora and fauna are very rich. A significant contribution to their conservation is making Red book of the Tyumen region.

About the area

Tyumen oblast is part of the Ural Federal district and belongs to the region of Western Siberia. Along with the Autonomous districts reaching from the southern border of the country to the shores of the Arctic ocean. Bordered Arkhangelsk, Kurgan, Omsk, Sverdlovsk, Tomsk regions, Komi Republic, the Krasnoyarsk Krai and Kazakhstan.

the red book of the Tyumen region

The Region ranks third in area (1.4 thousand sq km). Its population is 3.6 million people. The administration of the Tyumen region is located in the main city-Tyumen became the first Russian city in Siberia in 1586.

Before that, the region was inhabited by the Mansi, Khanty, Selkup, Nenets, or Samoyed and Turkic tribes, formed over time in the ethnic group of Siberian Tatars. The XIV century the territory was part of Tyumen, and then the Siberian khanate. In 1582 the Urals merchants with hired Cossacks conquered these lands, defeating the khanate. Currently, the main population is Russian.

Now in developing the power industry, fuel industry, the volumes of which occupy the first place in Russia. Conducted forestry, timber reserve is more than a billion cubic meters. Agriculture is only 3 % of land.

Nature and geography

According to its sizes the region is second only to the Krasnoyarsk territory and Yakutia. The region is located within tundra, Arctic deserts, tundra, taiga, forest-steppe and mixed forests. More than 90 % of the territory is considered an Extreme North.

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The Natural and climatic conditions are harsh. Period of frosts in different parts of the region ranges from 140 to 200 days. The average temperature in January ranges from - 16 to - 26 OC. In summer average temperature stays at around 19 degrees.

administration of the Tyumen region

The Terrain is mostly flat plains. Taiga forests occupy a considerable part of the territory. In the southern parts of the region the vegetation of the swampy and forest-steppe. The nature of the Tyumen region is rich and varied, despite the extreme conditions.

In the region more than 70 thousand rivers and streams-the same lakes. The total length of watercourses is about 10 kilometers. Major rivers are Irtysh, Tobol, ISIS. They are reservoirs and hydroelectric power plants. In the southern part of common salt terminal lakes in the Central and Northern part of the wetland and thermokarst.

Red book of the Tyumen region

A Complete list of endangered, threatened and extinction of rare animals, plants and fungi listed in the Red book of the region. Tyumen region administration ordered its creation in 1999. To update the data and release a reissue of the book, local authorities are required approximately every fifteen years.

The Red book of the Tyumen region contains 711 species of animals, more than 250 species of plants, fungi and lichens. It consists of six (including zero) main categories depending on the extent of the distribution of living organisms. So, the fifth category (V) means a species whose numbers are recovering and need no further action on the part of man.

Category IV includes species on the number of populations which there is no information or very little. The third category belong to rare and localized species, the second – cutting, to the first – vanishing. Zero contains information about the probably extinct species of flora and fauna, and information about them is not more than half a century.

Mammals

Animals of the red book of the Tyumen region are presented not in a list, divided into subcategories depending on their type, class, or group. Among the mammals listed sea hare (category III) – a representative of the seals. The factor limiting its distribution, as for other animals, is pollution, poaching.

Rare species: brown hare, great jerboa, corsac, polar bear, reindeer. A number of Djungarian hamster and Northern pikas varies and is highly dependent on weather conditions - periods of droughts, rains, frosts.

nature reserves of the Tyumen region

Poaching and lack of food resources may reduce the number of walruses North of the narwhal, which belong to the II category. For the same reasons, the bowhead whale that lives in the Kara sea, is an endangered species. The disappearance of the threatened European mink, which actively displaces mink American.

Fish, amphibians, arthropods

The Red book of the Tyumen region marks the 10 species of fish and cyclostomes, amphibians and 7 species of amphibians, more than 100 arthropods. Natural causes contributed only the number of common sculpin, other fish and cyclostomes (taimen, nelma, Siberian sturgeon, etc.) become extinct due to human activity.

Among reptiles and amphibians are considered to be rare legless lizard slow worm brittle, too, and common spadefoot toad. Last known fact that has a sharp smell of garlic. Siberian Salamander and Triton belong to the vulnerablethose in need of care types, the smooth snake and the common frog is quickly declining in numbers.

animals of the red book of the Tyumen region

A List of arthropods of the red book is great. Rare species are the southern Russian tarantulas-the largest spiders in the region. Also in this category are some dragonflies, mountain cicadas, beetles beetles, weevils, species of ladybirds, which have twelve spots. Grassy rounded moustache is considered endangered.

Birds

Birds of the Tyumen region, listed in the Red book, there are 117 species. Of these, 74 species require constant monitoring on the part of man, as they are rare and vulnerable. Among them, a kind of Petrel called a Fulmar, Shelduck duck, Siberian and common eider, and the Griffon vulture, grechanka, moorhen. These birds are listed in the Appendix.

the red book of the Tyumen region plants

The Main page contain more information about each species, of which there are 43. Endangered species are the white-headed duck, snake-eagles, cranes, cranes. Among the rare and declining in number species includes owl, Dalmatian Pelican, Flamingo, greater spotted eagle, lesser Swan, osprey.

The Trend of recovery is observed in populations of mute Swan and great cormorant. The extinct species are considered to be great bustard, lesser Kestrel, little bustard and avdotka.

Plants

More than two hundred species of flora captures the Red book of the Tyumen region. Plants are divided into angiosperms, pteridophytes, bryophytes and lunoobraznye. Among the angiosperms are rare and declining in number are some types of onions (hanging, fine meshed), sedges (loose, mountain, seaside), ocheretny white. Disappears, Russian iris, marsh air.

the nature of the Tyumen region

Among ferns disappears lanceolate and hastate grozdanic mnogoletnik. Other species are rare or rapidly shrinking in numbers. For example, Alpine woodsia, some puternici and milovniky. Among the silt and moss that require attention are Baranets, lycopodiella, encalypta, maesia.

A Limiting factor for many plants is mining. Blasting in the mines lead to the destruction of their natural habitat. Suffers, for example, curly stratocones, costena green, located on calcareous slopes.

Fungi and lichens

The Total number of fungi and lichens in the book - about thirty. Of edible mushrooms can be called white boletus, the diameter of its cap is sometimes reaching 25 centimeters. It grows in shady areas of pine and aspen forests. Strange-looking mutinous dog is edible only when it is in egg shell.

Considered to be a Rare lacquered and grey-yellow polypore, felt one, catronia, abortion biennial, elvik Staghorn. Rare purple paulinic is also considered edible. In addition to the Tyumen region, it is found in the Primorsky and Krasnoyarsk territories.

birds of the Tyumen region listed in the red book

Among the rare lichens are Asahina of Solander, omphalina Hudson, entered in the Red book of Russia. The reason for their extinction is becoming a economic and tourist activity of the person. For vanishing lung were the limiting factor is air pollution.

Buffer zone

The wildlife Sanctuaries and nature reserves of the Tyumen region was created to protect plant and animal species, to preserve valuable natural landscapes. The largest reserves of the region are Kuniansky, Vikulovskaya and Tyumen.

The region has two game reserves of Federal and regional value 95. In the district of Yugra and Yamal are four protected areas – Verkhne-Tazovsky, uganskiy, “Malaya Sosva” and gydansky nature reserve.

Verkhne-Tazovsky reserve is situated on the slopes of the hills up to 50 meters in height. On its territory are many river valleys and ravines that became the perfect place for rare animals and plants. It is home to the rare Siberian Salamander, lizards, vipers, wolverines, moose, grow cedars, spruce, larch.


Article in other languages:

BE: https://tostpost.com/be/nav-ny-gramadstva/31066-chyrvonaya-kn-ga-cyumenskay-voblasc-rasl-ny-zhyvely-ptushk.html

DE: https://tostpost.com/de/news-und-gesellschaft/30735-rote-buch-des-gebietes-tjumen-pflanzen-tiere-v-gel.html

ES: https://tostpost.com/es/noticias-y-sociedad/30609-el-libro-rojo-de-la-regi-n-de-tium-n-plantas-animales-aves.html

KK: https://tostpost.com/kk/zha-aly-tar-o-am/31391-yzyl-k-tap-t-men-oblysy-s-md-kter-zhanuarlar-star.html

PL: https://tostpost.com/pl/aktualno-ci-i-spo-ecze-stwo/32442-czerwona-ksi-ga-tiume-ro-liny-zwierz-ta-ptaki.html

PT: https://tostpost.com/pt/not-cias-e-sociedade/32178-livro-vermelho-da-regi-o-de-tyumen-plantas-animais-p-ssaros.html

TR: https://tostpost.com/tr/haber-ve-toplum/27768-k-rm-z-kitap-tyumen-b-lgesi-bitkiler-hayvanlar-ku-lar.html

UK: https://tostpost.com/uk/novini-ta-susp-l-stvo/31616-chervona-kniga-tyumens-k-y-oblast-roslini-tvarini-ptahi.html






Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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