Victimization is... Concept and types of victimization

Date:

2018-09-23 23:00:27

Views:

1418

Rating:

1Like 0Dislike

Share:

Table of contents:

At all times there was the criminal and his victim. But only in the twentieth century a pattern had formed into a single concept, which served as the beginning of this study are as victimology. The basis of the theory is that any victim has a certain set of characteristics that make her become the object of the offense. However, all details.

Areas of study

this victimization

Before we talk about this social phenomenon of victimization, and to identify the causes of its development and influence on other processes of social development need to clarify basic notions of this term. I must say that this problem is dealt with such areas of scientific knowledge as psychology, sociology, pedagogy, law, etc. that raises the topic in the ranks of the most urgent.

General concept

Victimization is a social process by which a person becomes a victim of a crime. Simply put, it is the result of the actions of the perpetrator towards the victim. Here it is worth to define the concept of victimization. This is the tendency to become a victim. Thus, victimization and victimization are inseparable concepts, in which the former is characteristic of the second. It can be measured by the number of cases of harm and a set of characteristics of victims of crime.

Victimization: concept and types

The Founder of an object such as victimology has become L. V. franc. In fact, its effect, and has not developed the concept of victimization. So, Frank introduces his definition of the term. According to him, victimization – the process of becoming a victim, as well as its result, regardless of this isolated case or widespread.

Recommended

The manipulation is... the Ways and methods of psychological influence on the person. S. G. Kara-Murza,

The manipulation is... the Ways and methods of psychological influence on the person. S. G. Kara-Murza, "Manipulation of consciousness"

How is it that people are influenced by? Today they live, unaware, and tomorrow you can rewrite a single apartment to a complete stranger. Very often under the influence of some factor people give all their money, jewelry and even life. Is it possibl...

A good family psychologist, Moscow: reviews

A good family psychologist, Moscow: reviews

Traditionally the residents of developed countries (Europeans and Americans) are turning to doctors of this specialty. Shows whether the current life in the Russian capital demand of the profession "family psychologist" (Moscow)? Reviews of the inhab...

Crisis 7 years in children: the signs and ways of overcoming it. Developmental psychology and age psychology

Crisis 7 years in children: the signs and ways of overcoming it. Developmental psychology and age psychology

The Child was 7 years old. Begins a new phase in life. The kid goes to the stage of growing up, going to school. And then the parents start to sound the alarm, saying, the child is uncontrollable, does not obey, Hamming. The main thing - not to panic...

However, immediately after this, Frank squall of criticism. Other researchers have noted that the concept of the process and its result must be different from each other, and not to be a single entity.

the victimization is the processFor Example, Revman argues that victimization is the act by which the offence made against the person, influences the development of his inclination. And in the case of potential victims becomes real, in a process called “the victimization is the result”.

Communications processes

In proof of this we should note that these two phenomena are inextricably linked. Any action aimed at the attainment of a state sacrifices its logical conclusion.

This means that at the moment when a man was attacked, no matter what was the outcome of an event, he had already automatically acquired the status of a victim. In this case, the attack itself is a victimization in the concept process. And the person against whom the crime was committed, is the result.

That's why victimization – the process of influence of one event on another. The more crime occurs, the higher the risk of becoming a victim.

The Study of victimization

In order to understand the circumstances under which an ordinary man becomes a victim of a crime, you need to conduct some research.

The Victimization and its degree is determined in the presence of aggregate data on the number of all victims. It does not depends on the severity of the crime, its outcome, and other factors that triggered this incident.

the victimization is the process of influenceSimply put, victimization – a collection of all cases, when the object was applied to moral or physical damage.

Everything else, thanks to the study of the degree of susceptibility to becoming a victim, we can talk about the concept of crime. If to draw Parallels between the cause and the consequence of these phenomena, the conclusion suggests itself. The more victims, the higher the crime rate, and therefore, we are actively developing human destructiveness as an element of social life.

Types of victimization

Like any other phenomenon, the process of becoming a victim subdivided into types. So by its nature it may be individual or mass.

In the first case means that the harm caused to one specific person.

In the second case we are talking about a social phenomenon – collectively, as victims of crime and their acts of harm to the subject of certainty of time and place, and the availability of qualitative and quantitative characteristics. Even such a mass phenomenon defined by the term "crime".

Also depending on the degree of social approval as the most crime, and the predisposition of the subject to her, there are the following kinds of this process:

1) Primary. It meant causing harm to a specific person at the time of the crime. It does not matter whether it was moral, material or physical damage.the victimization concept and kinds

2). Secondary victimization-this is an indirect harm. It can be associated, for example, with the immediate environment where the theft of property from one person suffers, all the members of his family. there are other ways of indirectly causing harm. It is expressed in the labeling, the charge of provoking illegal actions, alienation, humiliation of honor anddignity and other actions aimed at desocialization of the victim.

3) Tertiary. This is the impact on the victim by law enforcement agencies or the media for their own purposes.

Sometimes there are also and Quaternary, meaning by it the phenomenon of genocide.

Types of victimization

Since the concepts of process and result are inseparable from each other, should also specify the types of the latter.

The victim behavior is:

1) Individual. Consists of a combination of personal qualities and the impact of the situation. It is understood as a predisposition or already implemented the ability to become victim to circumstances, when objectively the situation was possible to avoid this.

2) Mass. It meant a collection of people possessing a number of qualities that determine their vulnerability to criminal acts. While every individual person acts as the element of this system.the victimization and victimization concept and types

At the same mass victimization has its subtypes, including group, object-specific and subject-specific.

Psychological theories of victimization

As mentioned above, the concept of victimization puzzled many disciplines. Including psychology. Many scientists put forward their theory of explanation why a person becomes a victim. Consider the most popular of them.

According to Fromm, Erikson, Rozhdersa etc., the victimization is (in psychology) is a special phenomenon that is inherent to every human because of the presence of destructive traits. At the same destructive focus is not only on the outside, but on themselves.

Freud also adhered to this concept, however, explained that without conflict there cannot be development. This also fits the concept of confrontation between the two instincts: self-preservation and self-destruction.

this victimization psychologyAdler says that each person is characterized by aggressive attraction. A typical behavior is a reflection of inferiority. Regardless of whether it is real or imaginary.

It is also Interesting the reasoning Stekel. According to him, in dreams the person shows his hatred, valid attitude to the surrounding reality and a tendency to the manifestation of the death drive.

But Horney would rather take their arguments to teaching. He says that personality is formed since childhood. Many factors can influence the manifestation of neurosis and, as a consequence, difficulty in social functioning.

Victimization is... in pedagogy

By the Way, according to the pedagogical theories, divided into several age stages, where the risk of victimization increased. Only 6 of them:

1) the Period of intrauterine development, when the influence is through parents and their wrong way of life.

2) the Preschool period. Ignoring the parents the need for love, lack of understanding peers.

3) the Junior school period. The overprotective or, conversely, its absence on the part of parents, the development of various defects, rejection by teachers or peers.

4) Adolescence. Drinking, Smoking, drug addiction, corruption, the influence of criminal groups.the victimization is in pedagogy

5) Early youth. Unwanted pregnancy, the attribution of non-existent defects, alcoholism, failure in relationships, bullying from peers.

6) Youth. Poverty, alcoholism, unemployment, failure in relationships, failure to continue education.

Conclusion

Thus, we have determined that such victimization and victimization, the concept and types of this phenomenon. The presence of certain personality traits give reason to attribute it to risk when confronted with various unlawful acts. The only way out of this situation is the help of specialists, is aimed at preventing this phenomenon and to eliminate its consequences.


Article in other languages:

AR: https://tostpost.com/ar/self-improvement/7513-victimization-is-concept-and-types-of-victimization.html

BE: https://tostpost.com/be/sama-daskanalenne/13424-viktimizaciya---geta-panyacce-v-dy-viktimizacii.html

DE: https://tostpost.com/de/selbstverbesserung/13428-viktimisierung-ist-der-begriff-und-die-arten-der-viktimisierung.html

ES: https://tostpost.com/es/la-superaci-n-personal/13436-la-victimizaci-n-es-el-concepto-y-los-tipos-de-victimizaci-n.html

HI: https://tostpost.com/hi/self-improvement/7520-victimization-is-concept-and-types-of-victimization.html

JA: https://tostpost.com/ja/self-improvement/7516-victimization-is-concept-and-types-of-victimization.html

KK: https://tostpost.com/kk/z-n--z-zhet-ld-ru/13428-viktimizaciya---b-l-t-s-n-g-men-t-rler-viktimizacii.html

PL: https://tostpost.com/pl/samodoskonalenie/13415-viktimizaciya---to-poj-cie-i-rodzaje-wiktymizacji.html

PT: https://tostpost.com/pt/auto-aperfei-oamento/13409-identidade-gay-negativa---o-conceito-e-os-tipos-de-vitimiza-o.html

TR: https://tostpost.com/tr/kendini-geli-tirme/13431-ma-duriyeti-bu-kavram-ve-t-rleri-ma-duriyet.html

UK: https://tostpost.com/uk/samovdoskonalennya/13421-viktimizaciya---ce-ponyattya-vidi-v-ktim-zac.html

ZH: https://tostpost.com/zh/self-improvement/8177-victimization-is-concept-and-types-of-victimization.html






Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

Comments (0)

This article has no comment, be the first!

Add comment

Related News

How to start running and for what?

How to start running and for what?

Probably each of us ever asked yourself the question: "How to start running?" We all live in a world that seems to us such a moving and energetic. All day we run so much that our physical training is no problem. But really, if you...

Psychology of relationships: how to make a man miss you?

Psychology of relationships: how to make a man miss you?

Many women in order to test the validity of the feelings of the opposite sex are resorting to all sorts of tricks. Often girls do all possible to ensure that the man longed for him. In most cases, this method really works. However...

Self - reliance is... What is autonomy and how to develop it in children and adolescents?

Self - reliance is... What is autonomy and how to develop it in children and adolescents?

Independence – it is very desirable, but sometimes elusive quality. How to affect the formation of the child? How to make children grow and develop self-reliant? And when you can begin to instill in their child is a useful q...

Strong personality: examples of a man who can wear this proud title

Strong personality: examples of a man who can wear this proud title

we are All very different. Some people exude confidence while others constantly show indecision and uncertainty. Obviously, to manipulate the weak is a lot easier than those who are called "strong personality". Examples ...

The conclusion of the psychologist on the results of the psychological examination (sample)

The conclusion of the psychologist on the results of the psychological examination (sample)

the psychologist's report on the results of the psychological examination has a certain structure. Analyze the points that it is important to reflect in this document and consider it one sample.Analysis of the appearance of the ch...

How to make a love confession beloved in your own words

How to make a love confession beloved in your own words

Modern men believe that they must be males, miners. But girls from guys sometimes need softness, tenderness and pliability.How to speakIf a man wants to win the girl, he needs to be honest and sincere. On the same principle and ne...