The monastery is a Stauropegic monastery ... what does that mean?

The Significant acquisition of Slavic culture are Orthodox churches and monasteries. They attract not only pilgrims, true believers, but also tourists. The latest in architecture, interior temples, the history of their existence.

The General concept and value

The Concept of "the monastery" came along with Christianity in Kievan Rus from Byzantium. This state arose on the basis of Greek culture. From the Greek “the monastery” – “private housing".

In it, the monks observe a single Charter. However, not everyone who came to the monastery, becomes a monk. For starters, he passes the test. If it was successful, the person receives a tonsure. According to the rules established at the Ecumenical Council, regardless of previous moral lifestyle, people can join the monkhood for correction (salvation) of the soul.

The meaning of the word "monastery" for many today is directly a community of monks.

First Christian monasteries

The Monastery – is a location with their way of life. The first monasteries originated in Egypt and Palestine (4-5 century ad). Over time, monastic dwellings began to appear in Constantinople (capital of Byzantium), which in Russian Chronicles referred to as Constantinople.

The First founders of monasticism in Russia are considered to be Anthony and Theodosius, who created the Kiev-Pechersk monastery.

Types of Christian monasteries

In Christianity there is a division into women's and men's monastery. It is easy to understand. The name depends on the female or male community lives and operates in the Church temple. Mixed monasteries in Christianity does not exist.

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Different types of monastic dwellings:

The Abbey. It is found in the Catholic (Western) direction. Controlled by the Abbot in the male community and the Prelate in the female. Subject to the Bishop, and sometimes the Pope in person.

Laurel. It is the largest Orthodox monastic dwelling (East) direction. This kind of monastic dwellings is suitable only for the male community.

Kin. Cenobitic monastery. This means that the organization has Obeidi Statute that governs all members.

The Farmstead. This remote monastery home, which is located in the town or village. It is used to collect donations, pilgrims of farming.

Deserts. Dwelling, in the tradition of Russian Orthodoxy, its construction in a secluded location away from the monastery.

The Skit. This is the place for the life of a monk who wished to become a hermit.

Most of the monastic dwellings is under the control of the diocesan bishops. These monasteries are called diocesan. Certain Orthodox monasteries can have the status of a stavropegic.

Stavropegic monastery

What does it mean, learn the return to the Greek language. A literal translation of “stavropegic” means “the erection of the cross”. He assigned not only to monasteries, and cathedrals, theological schools.

This status means that the monastery is directly subordinate to the Patriarch or Synod. Stavropegic monastery – is a Shrine where the cross was set up personally by the Patriarch. This is the highest status.

Due to the fact that the diocese of the Orthodox Church was divided into several branches, there are different lists Stavropegial churches. Depending on the jurisdiction, they may refer to the Orthodox Church of Russia, Ukraine, Belarus and so on. There are shrines in other countries, such as Estonia, Italy, USA, Germany.

Modern stavropegic monasteries

The Largest number of monastic dwellings is represented in Moscow and Moscow region.

The List of men's dwellings in mosque:

• Andreevski;
• Vysoko-Petrovsky;
• Danilov;
• Donskoi;
• Zaikonospassky;
• Novospassky;
• Sretenski.

The List of women's homes in mosque:

• Alekseevsky;
• Bogoroditse-Rozhdestvenskiy;
• Zachatievsky;
• Joanna-predtechenskiy;
• Pokrovskii;
• Troicki-Odigitrievskiy deserts.

When and where you need to open a new stavropegic monastery? What does it mean? The decision on such matter shall be taken by the Patriarch of Moscow and all Russia alone.

Forms of monasticism

The Monastery – is the seat of life of the monks. Depending on what form of organization they choose, the monastery can be obsessisim Charter or seclusion.

The Christian asceticism - a rather developed form of monasticism. Even Jesus Christ himself spent in the desert for 40 days.

The First hermits went into the desert, persecuted by the Roman government in the 3rd century. Later, this form has spread from Egypt to Palestine, Armenia, Gaul and Europe. In Western Christianity the asceticism has disappeared, it is preserved only in the Orthodox direction. Among the hermits who devoted themselves to asceticism and prayer power, there are both men and women. The most famous recluse is MariaOf Egypt from Palestine, who lived in the 6th century.

Another form of monasticism is called Kin.

Charter Kin

With the Greek word means "life together", that is the dormitory.

The founder of the first coenobium is Saint Pachomius, who created it in the 318 year in southern Egypt. As for the Russian Orthodox Church, the first obesity the Church was established by Theodosius.

According to the universal Charter, the monks take from kin are all required for their existence. For example, food, clothing, shoes. They work gratuitously, and the results of their work belong to the kin. Monk, in particular, and the Abbot, are not entitled to the presence of personal property, they cannot commit acts of donation or inherit anything. They have no right of ownership.

Rules of conduct in the monastery for the layman

The Monastery – is a special world. To understand all the subtleties of the monastic community, it takes time. The misdeeds of the pilgrims, as a rule, have patience, however some of the rules better to know when visiting a monastic dwelling.

What to look for in behavior:

• Coming of the pilgrims, you need all ask the blessing;
• Without the blessing not to leave the monastery;
• All worldly sinful passions it is necessary to leave outside the monastery (alcohol, tobacco, profanity);
• Discussions should be only about the spiritual, Central to communication are the words “sorry”, “bless";
• Eat foods you can only a common meal;
• Sitting at the table for a meal, it is necessary to observe the order of precedence, to sit in silence and listen to reading.

To plunge into the world of calm and harmony, which is in the monastery, do not necessarily know all the rules of the monastic order. It is sufficient to follow the normal rules of conduct, in the observance of which included respect for elders, restraint.