Led the phenomenon of man was seen for the first time 90 years ago. It happened in Russia in 1923, when Oleg Losev in the radio laboratory of Nizhny Novgorod for the first time observed the glow of silicon carbide. Scientific articles were published in the 30-ies of the last century, and the first developments appeared only in the 70s in Leningrad, Moscow and Kaluga. Active development of these techniques is associated with the orders GAI to manufacture 1,000 traffic lights to the 850 anniversary of the capital, which instead of incandescent lamps used brighter LEDs green.
The Led is a crystal semiconductor and attached on a substrate made of aluminum or copper and decorated optical system, and contact outputs. SMD led (surface montage details) from other types is characterized in that the elements are mounted directly on the surface. The crystal structure for this technology is grown by ORGANOMETALLIC epitaxy. In this process, within one day it is possible to grow the desired structures (chips) for a maximum of 12 substrates.
Next, the resulting crystals are processed using high technology: the mounted corps, made outputs, are applied to additional substances, is arranged a heat sink and need a focus. This step is very expensive, therefore the SMD LEDs are much more expensive than conventional lamps. It is believed that the cost per lumen generated by the led 100 times higher than the same units generated by the halogen lamp.
The positive characteristics of these systems include low heat, high color purity, no infrared and ultraviolet radiation of sufficient strength, durability and safety. Today lerouxel country, produce SMD-LEDs, is Japan.
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When working with these items usually consider the following characteristics:
- a light that can be white (warm or cool), blue, green, yellow or red. White light SMD-LEDs are different ways, including according to the method RGB, when you mix different colors of lens or other optical system;
- the country of origin of the chip (usually Taiwan);
- luminous flux (in lumens);
- the required voltage;
- the number of crystals (chips);
- the necessary current;
- the angle (from 45 to 140 degrees);
- the presence or absence of the substrate, which is often charged extra.
The SMD LEDs are widely used for lighting in various areas. Their designers love for the high light quality and electrical safety, employees of public utilities for low energy consumption and high resistance against vandalism. The only exception to the application of these technologies today is the presence of large areas, so they are not used in production. Led strip can be seen today in homes, cafes and offices, including in areas with a wet environment, because there are certain types of diodes, not afraid of water.
The service Life of these devices is large enough (up to 50,000 hours for powerful samples), therefore, SMD-LEDs – the best tool for lighting in the future.
Article in other languages:
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HI: https://tostpost.com/hi/technology/2767-smd.html
JA: https://tostpost.com/ja/technology/2766-smd-led.html
PL: https://tostpost.com/pl/technologii/4905-smd-diody-led-historia-i-g-wne-cechy.html
PT: https://tostpost.com/pt/tecnologia/4903-smd-leds-hist-ria-e-principais-caracter-sticas.html
TR: https://tostpost.com/tr/teknoloji/4909-smd-led-tarih-esi-ve-temel-zellikleri.html
UK: https://tostpost.com/uk/tehnolog/4905-smd-sv-tlod-odi-stor-ya-osnovn-harakteristiki.html
ZH: https://tostpost.com/zh/technology/2986-smd-led-history-and-main-characteristics.html
Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."
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