Cultivation of watermelon in open field: technology, features and recommendations

Juicy, sweet watermelon is a farewell gift, which gives us summer. In August they begin to be sold almost everywhere. But gardeners tend to this time to grow melons in their fields. At first glance it's too hard. But in fact, many gardeners successfully grow melons in the open ground. Based on their experience, you can try to repeat the experience and in their own country.

In the South and in the North

Of Course, much depends on the climatic conditions of the region. If in the Krasnodar region they can be grown without preparation, simply by sowing in open ground in Siberia will need to make considerable conditions to the arrangement of the greenhouses, as the short summer does not give the possibility to keep up the delicate berries. But nothing impossible in this. We just need to correctly approach this issue.

Preparing for landing

There are two ways that are used depending on the climatic characteristics.

• Seeds. To improve germination, it is recommended to pre-soak in salted water.
• Seedlings. If in the region of short summers and long spring with frosts, it is best to use this method. Then the melons will be more likely to grow large, sweet berries.

Growing watermelons in the open ground the easiest thing in the black earth and southern regions. Here the time of planting is when the soil warms up to a depth of 10 cm, and the night temperature does not fall below +15 degrees. On light soils the planting depth is at least 4 - 8 cm On heavy soils it is necessary to reduce a depth of 4 cm.

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Under melons emit a huge area. The fact that the power plant is performed at the expense of additional roots that are formed throughout the length of the whip and ensure the supply of fruits nutrients. Growing watermelons outdoors in the southern regions it is simple. Plants only need the hot sun and sparse watering.

Characteristics of growing in a cool climate

In Central Russia the summer is too short and often cool. So melons only have time to build up long lashes, but the berries may have to remain young and immature. Cultivation of watermelon in the middle lane in open ground requires a special approach and the creation of certain conditions.

To give the plant a chance to get to grow the fruit before the onset of cool nights that are typical for the second half of August, they are not sown in the ground, and the seedlings are planted in advance.

First, the seeds must be soaked in salt water. The emerged seeds thus discarded.

As the uses of the soil the mixture of humus, peat and turf. The quantity should be about the same.

From the time of sowing to planting in the ground is about 35 days, so the seeding time need to calculate the climatic characteristics of the region. In the middle zone of Russia is the first days of summer.

Grown seedlings

Prepared pots filled with soil and wetted with water. Now you need to place them in pre-soaked seeds. The pots need to wrap. The temperature for the formation of amicable shoots should not be below 25 degrees. The permissible reduction at night to +18.

As soon As the sprout, the pots need to move to a cooler place. It is important that the plants have been hardening and not stretched. On 3 - 4 days the seedlings transferred to a room with temperature control 17 degrees.

Then again returned to the temperature regime of 22 - 25 degrees.

Regular watering seedlings. Soon the plants must be fed. For this purpose, nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers at the root.

Growing watermelons outdoors becomes possible as soon as the danger passes the night frosts. That is, around the end of may. A week before planting it is necessary to expose the seedlings to the hardening procedure. For this take the boxes outside first for an hour a day, then two, and so gradually brought up to a full day. To start, this should be done a week before planting in the ground.

Some secrets

Watermelon Farming in the suburbs outdoors a challenge. And most of them is that hot weather begins only with the onset of summer. Extremes of temperature, cold nights and rain - all this prevents the plant to grow rapidly, to produce lush lashes and forming berries. Therefore, growers have invented a number of tricks to feast on the sweet berries.

• Special shelter. The more time to give the watermelon, the more chances that he will have time to please a good harvest. Therefore it is best to plant them in the ground in early may. At the same time in each hole is placed at the three plants and covered the bottle with cut bottom. Through the neck it is watered with warm water, then cover the second bottle, this time a five-liter. Only when the plants will appear the third sheet, they must be thin. Three is only one, but the strongest. These caps can be left until mid-June,while plants do not become under them closely.
• Lots of sun. The presence of fruit trees is the norm. But for melons is very important maximum coverage, so any shading will slow the growth of seedlings. Only when it starts ripening, they can make a shade with leaves or Newspapers.
• The Rot of watermelons is something that you may face in the rainy summer. Therefore when you start to tie the berries, you want to put under each plate. In it, he will be Mature, down to cutting from the Bush.
• Features irrigation. In hot climates, watermelon roots go deep underground in search of water. In Northern regions this leads to the fact that the roots start to rot because the ground water is too close. Therefore, to make special grooves between the rows and watering is done only through them, not making water on the root.
• Much fruit to leave is not worth it. Short summer is still not possible to grow everything, and Bush will lose power. So leave only the first berries, the amount of 5 - 6 pieces on a Bush. Everything else ossibility without any regret.
  

Planting Care

The Cultivation of water-melons and melons in the open ground becomes complex only if the summer has been very cold and rainy. In this case, without a greenhouse to keep plants and get a good harvest will not work. But the weather from the grower is independent, but all the care requirements it will have to perform anyway.

Regular grooming includes several activities:

• When the plant appears 5 leaves, his Spud that the soil was most friable.
• It is Very important to remove all weeds in the area. They take moisture and nutrients, are breeding grounds for pests, can shade the vines from the sun.
• Watering should be minimal. Usually the plantation costs only what falls as rain. The fruit be not watery, and very sweet.
• Required to bring the soil solution of ammonium nitrate. Concentration - 20 g per bucket. The second feeding is performed, when the first flowers appear.
  

Difficulties of growing in Belarus

With the advent of August can be surprised only, how many brought in watermelon for sale from different parts of the country as well as abroad. Growing watermelons in Belarus in open ground is not only possible, but regularly practiced. The first thing you will need is to choose the correct one. Best of all showed early-maturing varieties. The vegetation period should not exceed 80 days, or watermelon simply will not have time to Mature.

Featured class

Recommended varieties such watermelons as a gift to the North Borchanskiy, Garnier. Often used seeds of hybrids F1 Trophy. The secrets of growing watermelons outdoors can be summarized as follows:

• Select a suitable site, closed from cold winds and sun.
• Light, sandy soil.
• Crop rotation, i.e. growing watermelons in one place for only seven years.
• Preparation of seedlings.
• Rare frequent watering and loosening the soil.

Observing these simple rules, you will get excellent yield. However, many growers say the low complexity of such cultivation. Caring for watermelons in the open ground can be problematic, unless they've had a very cold and rainy summer. In this case, the vine decays.

Gardening in cold regions

Traditionally, Siberia is not a place for farming. But the people living here every time to prove that the job done by five. In addition to potatoes, cucumbers and tomatoes, they are successfully planting and more thermophilic culture. Growing watermelons in Siberia in the open ground seemed to be a problem completely is not solved. But today bred varieties that grow even in the coldest regions.

For the conditions of Siberia is better suited varieties such as Crimson Sweet, Astrakhan, ultra early, Siberian. But even these varieties may not produce a good harvest in the region with short summers, so it is important to observe the following conditions:

• Be sure to prepare seedlings;
• In the open field watermelons are grown in warm, high bed.

The Main secret of success is warm. The roots of the desired temperature not below 24 degrees. During flowering and budding, the temperature should not fall below 18 degrees. Of course, the climate is out of our hands and sometimes in the hot summer heat can sometimes be extreme lowering of temperature. For these purposes, it is recommended to have on hand a covering material, which will save from the excess moisture and retain heat. Agricultural cultivation of watermelon in open ground in Northern regions has its own characteristics that must be considered.

For the best of the harvest

Even before planting to make the earth black non-woven material. It makes the crosses and planted seedlings. This will provide additional warmth, which is so lacking in the plant. The growth of the scourgeyou need to send in different directions, so they do not interfere with each other. And under each fruit you can put a brick. It will give off heat, a watermelon will grow faster.