Many of us, doing construction, faced with the problem of choice of insulation for buildings. Today the market offers many different types of insulation that are different:
- in terms of quality;
- materials (natural or synthetic);
- value.
- consumption of insulation material;
- the lifetime of the heater;
for thermal insulating properties and many other characteristics.
The Most optimal variant, which appeared in the early 20th century in the market of North America and Europe-this cellulose insulation, or cellulose. Consumer reviews about it is different, they are both positive and negative.
The First mass production of insulation made from recycled cellulose was organized in Germany in 1928. Later, in the 50-ies, when he began a boom in the construction of frame houses in North America, Europe, the manufacture of cellulose fibre has gained immense the scale of production. Countries in which the cellulose wool insulation was the most popular – Canada, U.S., Finland, Germany, Austria, and very widely this material is used, no matter how bizarre in Japan. Cellulose wadding in Russia is called "cellulose".
For comparison: in Finland, with a population not exceeding 5.5 million people, the production of this insulation is nearly 25 thousand tons annually, more than 1 million square meters of insulated buildings. The bulk of the production ecowool accounted for by the private sector construction, which is more than 70% . Often, houses are built of modern construction materials, which imitate such natural building materials, such as glued laminated timber, round logs, natural stone, etc. as insulation on the inside and acts as a cellulose wadding. So, in Finland, the proportion of private dwellings that are insulated with cellulose wool, is more than 80%. This trend is due to the use of this construction the insulation is as follows:
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- the humid climate and low temperatures of the structure, insulated with ecological insulation, are much longer than synthetic ones;
- decreased cost for repairs and maintenance of premises for the replacement of insulating material;
- this performs the function of insulation of the thermos: keeps you warm in winter and in summer in hot weather – cool, protects all buildings against microorganisms and rodents that are the Bane of building materials.
Given these facts, the Ministry of the Museum Department of Finland took a decision requiring all museums in the country as the main or additional insulation to apply the pulp and wool, as, due to its hygroscopicity, it retains the right climate for Museum exhibits and the legally protected historic buildings.
And in North America, particularly in the US, number of houses insulated with ecowool, in 2005 alone reached almost 340 000.
In Russia the distribution of cellulose wadding began only in the early 90-ies. The total number of enterprises producing the ecowool, and the number of consumers steadily grows exponentially. Because consumers were able to see the positive qualities of cellulose and effect derived from its use. And most importantly is the availability and low cost of raw materials for its production.
Cellulose fibre insulation is an insulation having a capillary-porous loose structure. It consists of:
- cellulosic fiber – 81%
- fire retardant (to protect from burning) – 12%
- non-volatile antiseptic material (boric acid) – 7%.
Cellulose fibre insulation is Produced primarily from recycled cellulose fibers - namely, paper.
Insulation cellulose fibre Insulation is gray or light gray color.
There are other types of heaters, similar in its structure is:
mineral wool
basalt wool;
- glass;
- expanded polystyrene.
All of these synthetic insulation materials are composed of phenolic compounds, which are poisonous to humans substances. By heating these materials to a temperature of 250 degrees Celsius from them completely volatilize the binder, making further use of the material impossible. Also big disadvantage of this type of heaters is that they are made from synthetic materials which do not absorb moisture remaining on the surface of the fibers. Ultimately this leads to such problems with insulation, such as:
- condensation on the surface;
- the reproduction on the surface of fungal structures and mould;
- education "cold joints" insulation.
Cellulose wool, unlike synthetic materials, due to the natural capillaries of the cellulose in their structure absorb moisture almost 14% and it does not lose its qualities as other heaters. On the contrary, it retains its qualities in the moistened condition as wood, that is, retains heat and does not corsets. For those who decided to insulatewith the premises will no longer need to use a vapour barrier as there is no condensation on the surface.
The Insulation of synthetic materials (mineral, basalt and glass wool) have such negative characteristics:
- movement of air and moisture occurs in their fibres;
- moisture is not absorbed by the material and collected as a condensate, which harm the surrounding building materials;
- for the removal of moisture from the insulation you need to create the way of its removal through the use of a membrane vapor-proof films.
It should Also be noted that cellulose wool when wet does not change its volume due to the capillary structure of the fibers. That is, in the cold season when outside temperature is below minus and constantly increased humidity, the amount of insulation and, therefore, walls should be no change.
When the humidity outside the premises cellulose wadding compensates for the difference in the level of humidity due to the hygroscopicity of the fiber structure. This is also important when the outside air temperature increases, while the temperature and humidity remain constant. Thus, the room will always be warm in winter and remains cool in the summer heat, while maintaining a favorable climate for materials and, of course, man.
Able to absorb water ecowool, reviews masters therefore recommend it also be used for thermal insulation of pipelines, because the potential emergency burst pipes, and in such cases until shut-off of water supply required to protect the structure from water penetration.
The Main applications of cellulose wadding
1. As an insulating material:
- for slabs in both the lower and upper floors in the construction of private and apartment houses;
- when used as insulating plasters;
- for insulation of light frame structures;
- wall insulation with cellulose wool (multiple layers);
- when carrying out renovation work for old buildings;
2. As sound insulation material.
- as sound-absorbing plaster;
- in ceilings between floors.
- in wall partitions.
With insulated ground, roof and floor structures of residential premises, industrial, commercial, agricultural buildings and structures. As facade insulation, use only the inner walls.
If you compare the ecowool with other heaters, we get the following relationship.
A Layer of cellulose wool 15 cm corresponds to:
- layer at 50 cm timber from the wood;
- layer penobetona 46 cm;
- layer at 18 cm of mineral wool;
- a layer of expanded clay at 90 cm and 146 cm of brick masonry.
Technical parameters of cellulosic insulation such as cellulose fibre insulation, material characteristics:
- density – 40-75 kg/m3
- the thermal conductivity-up to 0,036 0,042 W/MK
- air tightness - the degree D2 (low);
- fire - grade G2 (moderately flammable);
- water vapour barrier - 0,3 mg/ (M x H x PA);
- sorption moisture - 16% over a period of 3 days;
- the environment (acid-alkaline balance), pH = 8,3
Installation is carried out in one of two ways:
- hand;
- auto - (with the help of a blowing machine: dry method or wet-glue).
This is the most common method of laying ecowool, when there is no possibility of using a special molding systems for applying insulation. With this method the wool is first loosened with hand tools, since it is pressed when packing in bags. The loosened cotton is placed around the perimeter of the surface subject to insulation, or just fall asleep in these cavity insulation cellulose fibre insulation. Reviews and comments of the masters roar that manual method of installation important condition is compliance with the wool installation to get the desired result of warming. So, on the advice of experts, the rate of ecowool laying for the walls is about 70 kg per 1 m3. If it is used for floors ecowool consumption will be less than 2 times, i.e. 35 kg / m3.
1. Dry method of installation. The best and fastest method of applying a green fiber on the surface, however, this method requires knowledge of the methodology of the styling from the professionals involved in its installation. To start applying the dry method, you must close the Kraft paper or cardboard the inner surface of the frame, thus a closed volume of space to be filled. Cardboard or paper are fastened by means of staples or construction adhesive, as by air pressure paper surface can blow the pressure air or squeeze the volume of insulation.
2. Wet-adhesive method of application. With this method of ecowool creates a solution using water and glue (PVA dispersion) of a solution. By installing blown in cellulose wool is carried out in pre-established space. Then the excess layer is cut and dried with heat guns. The advantage of this method is that it is visual, that is in visible areas of fill the frame.
There are also additional requirements for the application of wool in this way:
- deposition of ecowool in the room should occur at temperatures below +5 degrees Celsius;
- complete drying must take place in the period from 2 to 5 days, the temperature mode should not be changed;
- must have ventilation for the wet vapor from the insulation layers.
Cellulose is the most cost-effective way of warming buildings. Since ecowool (the cost of which is significantly lower than other heaters) consists of antiseptics, it provides a longer service life, protection from destruction of the fungal and mildew and also repels rodents. Cellulose has good adhesion.
- the tree
- the concrete
- the brick;
- to glass and metal.
However, she has a passive chemical environment. That is, in the interaction with the metal, concrete or wood will not cause corrosion, rust or rot. Cellulose also has the characteristics of fire resistance, at the same time failing at elevated temperatures toxic substances that are dangerous to life and health.
The consumer Reviews are sometimes negative, primarily due to the following factors:
- the Process of laying insulation is quite dusty, and its holding is necessary to protect the face and respiratory tract.
- This type of insulation has a higher flowability, especially the negative characteristic manifests itself when laying on a vertical surface of walls and attics.
- Ecovata has a low enough density in comparison with other insulation materials such as expanded clay, polystyrene, etc. Therefore, for insulation “floating” flooring it will be unusable. Also, due to the low density it is impossible to use for insulation of ceilings, which is the external pressure.
the Insulation of its complex structural surfaces is not possible without the use of special equipment.
- it is Impossible to using ecowool as a surface for plastering walls.
- excessive Has a high hygroscopicity, that is the ecowool cannot be used as insulation in places where the surface is in contact with the external environment (for insulation of external facades, in places where the surface is in contact directly with the ground). Although this drawback is easily eliminated with the use of waterproofing materials of cotton wool.
- Also, this insulation has a low air permeability, which is sometimes unacceptable for some constructed structures - in cases where you want additional ventilation, for example for overlaps.
If you discuss the question of what is ecowool disadvantages, the disadvantages of this material meet still much less than positive. Emphasize the following advantages:
- operational installation of insulation when using inflatable installations;
- environmentally friendly material that does not emit formaldehyde fumes.
- not subject to rot, mold and fungal formations, which ensures long life of the material ecowool (manufacturers guarantee a service life of a heater to 65 years, which is long enough for buildings);
- is the ideal sound insulating material, particularly for wall structures and multilayer walls;
- the material's high resistance to convective processes, while the warm air inside the insulation is replaced by cold.
Given the characteristics and properties possessed by ecovata reviews of consumers who have used it, it can be concluded that this material is in most cases evaluated positively. The main factor which ecowool prefer, all of these is its low cost. Most importantly, it lives up to its name ecowool – ecological wool material, which do not contain any phenolic compounds, in contrast to other types of construction wool: basalt, mineral and glass wool.
Article in other languages:
BE: https://tostpost.com/be/hatn-tul-nasc/1330-ekovata-vodguk-ekovata-haraktarystyk-nedahopy.html
DE: https://tostpost.com/de/gem-tlichkeit/1327-ekovata-bewertungen-ekovata-eigenschaften-m-ngel.html
PL: https://tostpost.com/pl/komfort-domu/1333-ekovata-opinie-ekovata-cechy-wady.html
Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."
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