The architect Bove, Osip Ivanovich: biography, list of buildings

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2018-03-19 17:54:20

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Foreigners have played an important role in shaping the architectural image of Moscow and St. Petersburg. But Giuseppe Bova is hardly the guest of Russia. He took an active part in the life of the country and put their hearts into its construction.

Osip Ivanovich Bove: a brief biography

The Real name of the architect – Giuseppe Bova, although he was born in St. Petersburg (1784). A native of Italy, was his father, a Neapolitan painter Vincenzo Giovanni Bova. Later, the boy began to call on Russian manners-Osip. When he was a child, the family moved to Moscow. This city he will give all his strength and talent. 18 years old Beauvais arrives at the school to develop architectural work under the guidance of Francesco Kamporezi. After graduation the careers of the young men happened quickly. As an assistant architect he was fortunate to work under great masters such as Russia and the Cossacks.Osip Ivanovich Bove

In the midst of the events of 1812 Osip Ivanovich Bove becomes a member of the militia. Fortunately, during the military actions he was not injured and after demobilization was appointed to the architectural Commission for the restoration of Moscow as a head of “pasadiscos part”. Of the four sectors of Beauvais went to Central. Arbat district, Presnensky, Tver, Urban and Novinsky – the architect added that part of the city that appearance, which has been preserved to our days. He designed Theatre and Red square, Alexander gardens – the three main architectural ensemble of the capital's center. In addition, Beauvais engaged in the development of residential buildings of Moscow and post-war Church construction.

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As the architect of Beauvais received the recognition during his lifetime, and in no way needed. He had money, fame and a loving family. Perhaps the only thing he could not achieve – academic status, since the task of the Academy of arts for some reason not able. Most likely, it was the lack of time. With such talents, is unlikely to be of Beauvais failed to draft the building of the theatre (and that was the Commission). He died in the summer of 1834, a little before they reach their 50th anniversary. Buried there was an architect at the cemetery of the Donskoy monastery, to which in his lifetime built a Church.

Red square

After the war part of the area was destroyed, and the remaining space was occupied by the merchants. Young architect of Beauvais was restored the affected walls of the Kremlin and restored Nikolskaya tower with gates Voskresenskii. Private stalls was removed to the building of Shopping malls. The building in the classical style with elegant portico still adorns the city centre and is now called the GUM. Earthwork and a moat along the walls were destroyed, and the last place arranged Boulevard.architect Bove

A Little later, St. Basil's Cathedral was erected the first city monument – a monument to Minin and Pozharsky works of Martos. The pre-war area had a completely different look, and its current view – it is the merit of Beauvais.

Alexander garden

The red-brick walls, it was decided to add greenery. The Kremlin garden, or, as they call him, Alexander, significantly revitalized the city center. On the idea of Beauvais, it was a regular Park with scenic ruins and small pavilions. Some of them have survived to the present day, for example, an Italian grotto. For the creation of the Park had to divert underground channel flowing there, the river Neglinka. It was originally planned to create a system of ponds, but in reality the idea is not implemented.Kremlin garden

The arena

Drawings of the arena doing another architect. Beauvais supervised its decoration and sculptures. Designed the building Betancourt in 1817. Design at that time was unique and had no analogues in the world. The building was intended for military exercises and was named Eckerlilas, or House training. Interior space should not hamper the regimental maneuvers. And to create such a structure was a success! In the room where there were no internal supports and the entire bearing load fell on the wall, could comfortably fit 2000 people.Osip Ivanovich Bove brief biography

In 1824 Bovet created the project of the decoration of the arena after a small renovation. Was supposed to decorate the walls of military armor, which signifies victory, power and greatness of power. Was carried out plastering, the building is decorated with stucco. On the walls of a fortified decoration, made in the form of legionary emblems. In the remote spaces of the walls was planned to consolidate the cast-iron reliefs and the cast.

Theatre square

Petrovsky theatre, which was previously on the site burned down before the war, in 1805. And only in 1816-m area, it was decided to transform. Required to build a new theatre building and smash in front of him a rectangular square. Right and left square closed front facades of buildings and the best look at her was to be opened from the side of China-town.

St. Petersburg Andrey Mikhailov designed the Big theater. Beauvais supervised the work and made significant changes to drawings. It has reduced the cost of construction, adjusted the size of the future theatre on the square and the circle. The basic shape and compositionwas saved and at the same time strengthening the role of finishing and decorative elements.Bolshoi theatre Beauvais

As the arena, a Large theater was intended to glorify the city, victorious in war. This is the best contributed to the grandeur of the classic style. The portico has installed a sculptural group depicting Apollo in the chariot. It was made of alabaster and destroyed by fire in 1853. Later it was replaced with a composition Klodt. She repeated the same story, but was larger and more dynamic.

The Opening of the theater took place in early January 1825. The audience applauded in the lodges. It was a triumph not only for the acting troupe, but also for the architect.

Triumphal arch

Unlike the ring or the Bolshoi theatre, the triumphal arch – entirely the author's project of Beauvais. The construction was planned on the site of the entrance to Moscow from St. Petersburg direction in the Tverskaya Zastava. About two years has left only sketches and drawings, and in 1829 was approved the final version. In the Foundation of “happiness” threw a handful of silver roubles, and laid a commemorative bronze plaque.

Used in the construction of stone with a Gravity canal and tatarovsky ‘marble’ of the suburban village. The sculptural composition is made of cast iron sculptors Vitali and Timofeev. They all cast designs create architect. Due to shortages of funding the construction took 5 years, and the opening of the monument took place in the autumn of 1834.triumphal arch

I Must say that the modern Triumphal arch on Kutuzov Avenue – this is a remake. The original was dismantled a century later, after the construction of the framework of the reconstruction area. Was made measurements, sketches and photography, to later restore the arch at the Belarusian station. Decorative items deposited in museums. A huge cast-iron columns during the Second world war they were melted down for military purposes, were able to keep only one. But thanks to these drawings and the surviving fragments in 1968, the arch was restored on Kutuzov Avenue near panorama “the battle of Borodino”.

Hospitals

A Devotee beloved city, the architect of Beauvais worked not only on monumental buildings, but also premises intended for ordinary people. One of them – Town hospital in the district of the Kaluga Outpost. Over her drawings Beauvais started work in 1828. Spacious and stately building in the classical style, decorated with “brand” the portico, opened its doors to needy Muscovites.Osip Ivanovich Bove sights

For a comfortable accommodation of the sick, the architect has provided light housing. The walls were decorated with bas-reliefs, some of which have survived to the present day.

Under one – Catherine – hospital Osip Ivanovich Bove converted house Gagarin. Work began in 1825. Despite this, both the hospital opened in 1833, At that time they had the best Russian technical basis.

Church building

Among the churches of Beauvais, it is possible to note Basil's Cathedral, the St. Nicholas Church in Kotelniki, Trinity Church on the territory of the Danilov monastery. In the construction of hospitals when they were erected two churches. In 1822 in the village of Archangel was built a wonderful temple, consecrated in honor of Archangel Michael. Church-rotunda in Empire style made of brick. Three-tiered bell tower was crowned by a high spire. The Church is well preserved and has recently been restored.St. Basil's Church

The Church of the Archangel Michael is so fond of the people that the money collected by parishioners, on the same sketch built another one. In the village of Pekhra-Pokrovskoye is “twin brother” Archangel Church-Holy virgin protection Church. From the prototype is distinguished by its blue and white color scheme.

Houses

As the architect responsible for the facades of post-war Moscow, Osip Ivanovich Bove could not influence the appearance of conventional homes. Under his command was made up of guide-books, called “the Albums of exemplary projects". Here cited recommendations and examples of what to look for in the house of representatives of the various urban classes. You can choose any based on your taste and affluence.architect Bove

Thanks Beauvais appeared city house as an entirely new type of house. For merchants were developed apartment house: upper floor was assigned for the residence of the owners, and the lower could accommodate shops and stores.

An Invaluable architectural legacy left behind Osip Ivanovich Bove. Moscow sights are inextricably linked with his name. Come visit and see for yourself!


Article in other languages:

BE: https://tostpost.com/be/mastactva-zabavy/12972-arh-tektar-vos-p-bove-vanav-ch-b-yagraf-ya-sp-s-zbudavannya.html

DE: https://tostpost.com/de/kunst-und-unterhaltung/12972-der-architekt-ossip-bowe-iwanowitsch-biographie-liste-der-strukturen.html

ES: https://tostpost.com/es/arte-y-entretenimiento/12982-el-arquitecto-de-beauvais-ossip-iv-novich-biograf-a-lista-de-estructur.html

KK: https://tostpost.com/kk/ner-zh-ne-oyyn-sauy/12975-s-uletsh-bove-osip-ivanovich-m-rbayan-rylystardy-t-z-m.html

PL: https://tostpost.com/pl/sztuka-i-rozrywka/12971-architekt-beauvais-osip-iwanowicz-biografia-lista-obiekt-w.html

PT: https://tostpost.com/pt/artes-e-entretenimento/12964-arquiteto-de-beauvais-osip-ivanovic-biografia-lista-de-estruturas.html

TR: https://tostpost.com/tr/sanat-ve-e-lence/12978-mimar-beauvais-ehir-vanovi-biyografi-liste-yap-lar.html

UK: https://tostpost.com/uk/mistectvo-ta-rozvagi/12973-arh-tektor-osip-bove-vanovich-b-ograf-ya-spisok-sporud.html






Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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