Heavyweight and oversized cargo. Transportation of oversized cargo

Transportation of heavy goods in a modern economy is extremely popular because it requires transportation of a variety of construction, agricultural, military and other equipment which has a non-standard size. The specifics of this activity is to engage special rolling stock, compliance with the transport regulations for such categories and accounting characteristics of the cargo. It is important that the whole process was organized in such a way that the fixtures were delivered to a fit for work immediately after unloading.

Oversized heavy lift cargo: General definition

Non-standard goods are massive and bulky objects which because of the peculiarities of technical performance or specific nuances is not possible to transport in a closed vehicle or container, as well as other familiar ways.

The Main criteria of determination of cargo is its height, width and length. Under the category of heavyweight and oversized cargoes are objects that are longer than 20 meters, width – 2.5 m, height – 4,0 m. the list includes yachts, monuments, machinery and other goods which cannot be carried by standard methods.

Classification

Non-standard goods include a variety of objects, differing in shape and size. Because of the oversized modifications are many, they are divided in turn into several types:

• Heavy weight – this definition applies to objects that when placed in the vehicle exceeds a critical value of at least one of the indicators for the permitted maximum weight of rolling stock or the axle loads specified in the technical documentation.
• Large object – cargo that exceeds the allowed dimensions and tolerances listed in the documents. The maximum dimensions are determined after loading.
• Long cargo items – a subject which after immersion in the vehicle beyond the rear Board is more than 2000 mm.

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Transported by road of heavy and bulky loads with the size of the vehicle can be classified in this way, if they exceed the following parameters:

• Height – more than 4 meters.
• Length – more than 20 m.
• Width – over 2.55 m.
• The Rake of cargo truck – more than 38 T.

It is Worth noting that car transport of heavy loads easier, the smaller the deviation of the size of the object from the standard position.

Features

The Measurement of all parameters of the transported cargo is subject to the dimensions of the vehicle. Also for the transportation of heavy cargo requires special permission. When it comes to manoeuvring, always observe the valid regulations, in particular, the order of placement and fixation of the transported objects.

All the manipulations are carried out with registration of appropriate accompanying documents and the availability of permits to transport “lumps”. Because the organization and implementation of such activities belongs to the most difficult transport operations, consider the details and implementation of such projects.

Preparation

Transportation of heavy goods by road requires careful preparation. At this stage, have to consider several mandatory factors:

• The Real possibilities of logistics and transport companies.
• Available Technical equipment vehicles and lifting mechanisms.
• Equipment intended for use of roads and trails, subject to the passageways under bridges, lines, power lines and other objects of national economy.

Transportation of oversized and heavy cargo has a lot of specific differences and nuances. Therefore, before implementation of the project should ensure not only reliable load securing and measure its parameters, but also to ensure the reliability and safety of transportation.

Security Measures

To ensure all required conditions for the carriage of special cargoes is carried out the following activities:

• Organize the loading and unloading mechanisms and products, including the transhipment procedure.
• Carry out strengthening of bridges and road paving.
• Rekonstruiruet partially or completely utilities (bridges, power lines, communication lines, etc.).
• Carry out the construction of an additional bypass and access routes.
• Perform the upgrade or creation of new vehicles.
• Consider the availability of gas pipelines, water systems and other pipelines on the route.

Transportation of oversized and heavy cargo

Transport the objects in question – it is time-consuming, difficult and lengthy process. It is divided into several stages:

• Selection of a competent logistics or transport company.
• Development of optimal route of transportation.
• The Mandatory registration of the necessary permits.
• Organization of support of cargo.

To Pick up a special transport and proper route for transportation of heavy cargoes by motor transport withusing companies that spetsializiruyutsya for such services. They will also be responsible for the proper execution of all necessary documentation.

According to the rules of delivery, the delivered goods shall be executed according to certain rules:

• To Have a waybill.
• For the carriage of goods shall be the extract from the invoice.
• You Must have a certificate of manufacture for imported goods.
• Providing all the required licenses and permits.
• Insurance policy when necessary.

Select route

Outsize and heavy cargo by road are transported taking into account size, weight and configuration of the object being processed. Not so easy to find the optimal route for cargo, which combines the excess weight and size simultaneously.

The Main objective when choosing the route – security and effectiveness of the transportation of the product. Special attention in the organization of transportations of non-standard cargoes pay to ensure the normal and safe passage of other road users and minimum damage to the road surface.

Goods are transported on General roads and roads with average traffic and the quality of the coating station. Plus, you should consider the steepness of slope, quality of pavement, width of roadway, presence of embankments and railway crossings.

What to pay attention?

The Development of the route occurs mainly with the transportation of heavy cargo to meet the minimum delivery time. In the project of transportation of such goods is included in accounting removal of settlements and a variety of communications, including railway bridges and pedestrian crossings.

Also, take into account weather conditions, time of day and the possibility of a detour of settlements. As practice shows, the main movement should be at the maximum unloaded roads (at night). You may also need additional support for transportation of construction equipment or other oversized loads. Initially the route and features of movement are coordinated with the police.

Route Planning

When developing a route for the transport of heavy loads are guided by the following parameters:

• Main technical performance of the equipment.
• The Specific characteristics of the goods, including their transportation.
• Itinerary specifying the organizations and individuals responsible for transportation.
• Phased schedule of all operations.
• The importance of organizational parties.

The Carrier and the customer provide information in the appropriate offices of the road organizations. It is necessary to determine the suitability of the highway related facilities for the transportation of a particular cargo. In this activity, can hinder for the passage of high-voltage wires, municipal and technical facilities. All this must be considered when developing route, as the slightest misstep can lead to emergency situations and other problems.

After approval of the route is the issuance of such documents:

• Final point of cargo transportation.
• The Address of unloading and sorting.
• Exact weight and dimensions of the treated objects.
• Split cargo according to specifications dangerous, liquid, piece or bulk categories.
• Drawings and landing of the cargo.

The Remaining details are discussed during the formation of the documentation and accompanying regulations.