Adhesives: photo, drawing, examples, installation. The types of detachable and permanent connections

In machinery and instrumentation play a very important role not only details that are used in the production, but also their connections. It would seem that everything should be very simple, but actually, if you delve into this subject, you may find that there is a huge variety of compounds, each of which has its advantages and disadvantages.

This article will be described adhesives – you will learn what they are, where they are applied. Will also be compared with permanent joints.

At the moment you can hardly imagine what all these words mean, so don't immediately dive into the nuances. Before detailed consideration of adhesives, you need to understand what actually they are, that is, to understand the basic classification of these parts in the production.

Classification of compounds

If you take all kinds of connections, they are divided into two main groups:

• Fixed;
• Movable.

It is Easy to understand that if the connection belongs to the first group, it means that two items with it fastened so that they were static relative to each other and not moving. They can move as a whole in the mechanism, but they are bonded “dead”.

As for the second group, here we are talking about such mount, which allows the two parts during operation of the mechanism move relative to each other while remaining United among themselves.

Mobile units are already divided into detachable and permanent. The first sub-group describes those that can at any time open any way, while the second group includes those who can only destroy – with force, but without the ability the connection is restored. Most of these compounds function as long as not worn and they are simply replaced.

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But it's time to return to the first large group – stationary connections. There are also two sub - racks and one-piece. In principle, repeat their description makes no sense, as it remains the same as in the case of movable joints.

Now that you have read the basic classification, it's time to focus on the main topic of the article. Detachable joints are described in detail as possible, showing all the main types that can be found in production.

Threaded connection

Types of detachable connections are numerous but among them the most known to all is likely to be threaded. Even if you don't work in production, you definitely have ever used a bolt or screw to attach the leg of a chair or some other item.

This type of connection is characterized by the presence of thread, which provides fasteners, and, if necessary, items can be separate – therefore, this refers to a split. Threaded group can be divided into 2 subgroups that differ slightly from each other:

1. One kind of such compounds may involve the use of two parts, each of which has a corresponding thread, due to what happens bond. However, this option is not used very often.
2. In the home you are likely faced with the second option, when the two parts are fastened together by means of additional threaded element such as a bolt, screw or stud.

Advantages of this kind has a lot – it is considered to be reliable, is ubiquitous, is universal, the details in this are interchangeable, and it is a high-tech.

But there are, naturally, disadvantages – for example, a compound in certain conditions it can be unwound, so it is necessary to constantly monitor. Also, the holes cause a concentration of stress in one area, which can lead to overload. And, of course, this connection does not provide integrity. All this would be bad if this was the only, but fortunately, there are other types of detachable connections, which now will be discussed.

Pin connection

What else are Webcams? Pictures in themed books and magazines always show in the threaded version, since it is the most widespread and common. But there is another equally popular – pin. It differs from previous ones in that it has no threads.

The Pin – this is the part that is tightly inserted into the hole passing through both parts that you need to fasten. As a result, they stay in one place and securely fastened to each other. If you find it difficult to represent the described option in mechanical engineering, I can imagine something more common – for example, a visit to the dentist. There are also special pins that are inserted into the gums, and then they nagisetty filling or crown. As you can see, examples of detachable connections can be found in all spheres of life.

Keyway

This is the first type of compounds in the list that is displayed. It is most commonly used to transmit rotational motion. How exactly does it work? Installation of plug-in connections of this type are quite simple – a shaft to transmit rotation in which the groove is where you can insert the key. The hub attaches to the shaft has a groove into which enters a key that provides transmission of rotation.

Everything is very simple and effective – indeed, it is hardly possible to imagine a more easy to Assembly and disassembly connection. And even more advantages to the Treasury of the dowels adds a low cost. But it is not difficult to guess that the grooves with the splines weaken the overall strength of the whole structure, and also causes excessive stress concentration.

But in General, this connection is also extremely common, and you will find it in many mechanisms. So if you are asked about which compounds are split, then you can feel free to name those which you have learned from this article – they are the most popular. But do not think that this listing ends – ahead of you are even a variety of types of compounds are widely used in manufacturing and even in the home.

Spline connection

The Spline connection is also called a gear, because the contact and fixture details it is due to the teeth located along the length of the shaft, while in encircles its parts have grooves for all these teeth. The main advantage of this type is its big strength, however, special attention should be paid to the fact that in this connection the shaft is the possibility of displacement along its entire length, encircling the details if necessary. In many respects this differs detachable and permanent connection. The drawing of such fasteners is always done is quite simple, so everyone will be able to deal with it.

Only such a mount rare to find in everyday life, most often it is observed in mechanical engineering and other types of production. At the splined joint has a wide classification, which includes the division into groups:

• In the form of teeth;
• By what the load is transmitted through them encircling parts;
• The alignment of the mating parts;
• Mobility, etc.

As you can see, this is one of the clearest examples of some types of detachable connections can belong to two large groups, that is, to the movable and stationary.

Bayonet joint

You already know that is a detachable connection that allows you to disconnect the parts, pasted together. A bayonet connection is also detachable, and can be seen quite often.

It Looks unusual – one item has any ledge, and the other – a special groove into which the ledge is not just comes, it is fixed by push and turn, making the connection much more durable. The scope of models is very diverse – from engineering and electronics to kitchen appliances and cameras. So there is quite a high likelihood that you've seen this version of fastener.

Clanmovie connections

To split connections include clanmovie – they serve to connect the shaft with the hub, but when this happens the process is pretty unusual way. The fact that the hub has one or two incisions into which is inserted a bolt or other fastening element. When fastening the hub shrinks, tightly clinging to the shaft inside her. This is a fairly simple compound that is used quite often and in many spheres of activity.

I want to highlight the fact that in most cases this compound is used to mount the shaft and hub, such as a keyway or spline - allows you to attach details only the coaxial. However lemmony type allows you to connect them at various angles, and make a mount on any section of the shaft. Drawing plug-in connections of this type necessarily involves the designation of all of these important moments.

Conical connection

This connection type also uses the contraction as the main force of attachment as the previous one. This time, however, used a slightly different approach. The principle of operation it is difficult to explain in words, as the hub in this case is relatively complex mechanism with several built-in elements that, when turning the key in the hole, done especially for this purpose in the hub, tighten the main hole in which the shaft is inserted.

If this explanation doesn't seem clear to you, then the easiest way is to imagine the old drill with interchangeable drill bits – there is just such a conical mount. You insert a special key, use the side securing elements, insert the desired drill bit and fix his re turn of the key. However, use of such a connection not only in drills but also in many mechanisms in the workplace.

Connection Profile

Well, last popularplug connection – this profile. It differs from all previous themes that has neither keys nor teeth, nor thread, nor any more fasteners. The fact that the details in this case are fixed by combining them together so that they formed a common unbreakable surface. Simply put, they are attached so that they fit snugly to each other, forming a strong connection.

The Main advantage is the incredible ease and a complete lack of any third-party elements that cause other types of fasteners excessive stress concentration. But this type of connection has its drawbacks, such as high contact pressure or large spread of force.

Previously, we were told that in this article I will discuss the types of detachable and permanent connections. And though the first was mentioned as the main theme of the material, we need to consider the basic, most popular, all-in-one hardware.

Permanent connections

Compounds that cannot be separated with or without the use of tools not so much. First and foremost it should be noted the welded joint, which is used almost everywhere in production. Everyone can imagine the welding process, which uses a special device, highly warming metal of both parts to the mounting location. Then while cooling this mixed metal, forming a weld that is impossible to disconnect just like that – only through destruction.

The Other type, which operates quite similar to the first, it's soldering. To create the solder joints also need special device – a soldering iron. He takes the special material on the mounting location, and this material has a lower melting point, whereby the parts remain intact, but they are interconnected through this material. This method is used when parts cannot deform to change, that is, welding is not suitable for them.

If we are not talking about metal, then often used the glued connection – this type is known to all people, because you, most likely, at least once in my life used the glue to connect the two parts to produce a single fixed whole. Exactly the same happens on production, only on a much larger scale.

Well, another permanent connection, which is worth mentioning – fastening with rivets. This type is rarely used and was popular earlier. Its essence lies in the fact that in the prepared hole details are inserted also prepared in advance fasteners, called rivets. Then, the process of fastening with blind riots – riveting processed so that they are firmly joined the parts together and to separate them was impossible. However, you can imagine how costly and time-consuming was the process. That is why now riveted connection is rarely used, but rivets in modern times is much more common to see the decorations on the shoes, clothes and so on.

That's all the basic types of production connections - how separable and non-separable. Of course, there are much more – especially if we talk about obsolete types, which are currently not used. Also there are those fasteners that are not very common, used in a specific area and are not very popular to mention separately. But we can safely say that even this number of connections is enough to production to be able to choose the one that would be more suited for a particular task and giving maximum durability and perfect fulfillment of all requirements.