The labour market and the employment problem in Russia

The labor Market in Russia and established it situation   is one of the most complex and difficult problems of modern market production. The main role in this plays, of course, the human factor, which is difficult to predict. But, in addition, on the labour market increases the turbulence process, and the number of unemployed and the number of working population decreases with each passing year.

The labor Market in Russia is also experiencing a number of problems, the main of them:

1. Reducing the quantity and quality of the working population, which entails a change in the basic characteristics of the workforce in Siciliano =-demograficheskoi plan.
2. Labor Market and employment issues, which are inextricably linked with each other.

Economically active population of Russia is represented by the population aged 16 years and 55 – for women and 60 years-for men; it's the people employed for a certain payment, individual entrepreneurs and other individuals working on themselves, etc. In Russia, the economically active population traditionally referred students and military personnel.

The Working people can be employed full or incomplete working week. A large part of Russia's population are hired workers: about 90% of the total workforce. The remaining part of the face of the liberal professions (journalists, lawyers) and individual entrepreneurs.

The service Sector has become the predominant public sector labor: it has the highest percentage of employees. In agriculture, on the contrary, there is a strong outflow of labour.

Russia feels the need for young and promising staff.  According to statistics, the core group of the working population – faces from 40 to 49 years. But the lowest indices of the employed population have on the age group from 30 to 39 years. A healthy population is not only aging, according to the same statistics it is evident that deteriorating health workforce, increase the periods of disability, reduced quality of work and ability to  an intense and prolonged use.

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On the Russian labor market can be traced to a paradoxical situation: on the one hand it  - deficit in structure, and  on the other hand – surplus volume. Some enterprises have accumulated excess number of employees, but their qualifications are often not high enough.

Labour Market – one of the constituent parts of the market system is a current balance of interests between workers, government and private entrepreneurs. When it sets the price for performed work.  the overlapping interests of the employee and the employer. The labor market is also characterized by relative competitiveness, since not all segments of the market there is a need for functional, quality of work and its uniqueness.

Often the labor market is divided into internal and external markets. External market – the movement of staff between enterprises and organizations. Domestic market – is the rotation of personnel within an enterprise/organization. The internal market implies the existence of a “kernel” consisting of the permanently employed skilled professionals, and “periphery” (all other employees). Sometimes, based on the presence of this division (“core-periphery”) are the primary labor market and secondary. The primary market is offered high-paying job, good working conditions, fair treatment of administration, promotion and stable employment. In the secondary market "in stock" low-wage, unstable job, poor working conditions and low wages. In Russia is  slowly developing primary, but dominated all the same secondary labor market.