As you know, the computer's processor consists of four basic components: arithmetical-logical unit, module, input/output, and memory blocks and management. This architecture defined in the last century and, despite the fact that it took a long time, the classic structure of von Neumann is still relevant.
An Arithmetic logic unit – this is one of the components of the CPU, which is required for transformation of logical and arithmetic type, from basic to complex expressions. The bitness of the used operands is considered to be the word length or size.
The Main task of the ALU is processing the data stored in the computer's memory. In addition, the arithmetic and logic unit is capable of producing control signals which direct a computer to choose the correct way to perform the necessary computational process depending on the final data types. All operations involve electronic circuits, each of which is structurally divided into thousands of elements. Such payments are usually fast-acting and high-density.
Depending on the signals that are input, the ALU performs different types of operations with two numbers. Any arithmetic logic unit of a computer involves the implementation of four basic operations, shifts, and logical transformations. The set of operations the ALU – this is his chief characteristic.
The constituent parts of the arithmetic-logic units – four main groups of nodes that correspond to management processes, transmission, storage and conversion of incoming data.
This includes:
Sometimes registers arithmetic-logic units can be combined in a dedicated memory block, and the triggers to form the status register.
Recommended
How to get out of "Skype" on the "Android" and not only
How to get out of "Skype" "Android"? This question bothers many users. The thing is that the messenger is not so difficult. But there are features that are only for mobile versions. To log out of Skype in this case more difficult than it seems. But i...
Kingo ROOT: how to use the program to gain administrative rights on Android
The Gadgets on the platform Android regained the lion's share of the market. Developers are continually perfecting the OS, trying to fit the needs of the users, but from year to year admit palpable mistake: forbid the owner to "stuffing" of his gadge...
How to get from Stormwind to Tanaris: practical tips
World of Warcraft is an iconic MMORPG, uniting millions of players around the world. There are many locations and puzzles, secret trails and larger, but rather dangerous paths. Sooner or later, every player chose the side of the Alliance, we have to ...
This includes:
This includes:
This category of objects are:
This block is responsible for the production of a sequence of functional signals necessary for the correct execution of the specified command. As a rule, such conversions are implemented for a few bars.
The Control device provides automatic execution of the program. This enables the required branch coordinated the work of other components of the machine.
For the action of the control device corresponds to the basic principle of microprogrammable with a clear number of characteristics.
Arithmetic-logic units according to the method of operating variables are divided into parallel and serial. The main difference between the ALU is the way of representation of the operands and perform operations.
The nature of the use of arithmetic-logic units are divided into a multifunctional and modular. In the ALU of the first type to perform operations with different forms of repose of the numbers are the same schemes that adapt to the requested mode data. The block devices all operations are carried out through the distribution by types of data. For actions by a decimal number, alphanumeric fields, numbers with a floating or fixed point, various schemes. Thus arithmetic logic unit operates much faster due to the parallel execution of the given task. But they have a disadvantage – increased costs of maintaining equipment.
An Arithmetic logic unit according to the method of presentation may be used:
The Structure of the ALU is used to perform a logical action via functions, which are divided into the following groups:
Modern electronic computers are capable of implementing all of the above types of activity, and microcomputers do not have suchbasic functionality, so the most complex procedures performed through the connection of small subprograms.
All actions of the ALU can be divided into several groups.
Arithmetic operations include multiplication, division, subtraction modules, the usual subtraction and addition.
The group of logical transformations consider a Boolean “and” and “or”, that is, the conjunction and disjunction, as well as data comparison for equality. Such procedures are usually carried out over the binary words consisting of many bits.
The special arithmetic operations include the normalization, logical and arithmetic shifts. Among these transformations there is a significant difference. If an arithmetic shift in location, change only the digits, when the sign bit of the logical joins in the motion.
Each transaction that occurs through the use of arithmetic-logic units, can be called a sequence of Boolean functions, which describes multi-bit logic for computing machinery. For example, for binary computers use binary logic and so on, until the decimal system.
Absolutely all the arithmetic and logical transformations has its own operands, and the results output are treated as bit strings of sixteen bits. The only exceptions are the primitives of the symbolic dividing DIVS. And various flags allow to interpret the output as numbers with minus or plus overflow. Conversion logic bits is based on arithmetic modulo. The flag is placed, if there are unpredictable changes in sign. For example, adding two positive numbers, you should get the result with " + " sign. But if there is a shift in the sign bit setting unit, and the result is negative, then set the overflow flag.
The Logic bits of the transfer is based on unsigned arithmetic. This flag is set by the system if the generated transfer of high order cannot be written as a result. This bit of the ALU is very effective when using transformations with long-winded presentations.
An Arithmetic logic unit used to perform logical and arithmetic conversions on the operands necessary, which often perform the command or code numbers. After performing the operation result is re-circulated into the storage device for use in the next calculation.
Article in other languages:
AR: https://tostpost.com/ar/computers/1963-alu.html
BE: https://tostpost.com/be/kamputary/3433-aryfmetyka-lag-chnae-prylada-alu---shto-geta.html
DE: https://tostpost.com/de/computer/3431-arifmetiko-logische-einheit-alu---was-ist-das.html
ES: https://tostpost.com/es/los-ordenadores/3436-una-l-gica-alu---qu-es-esto.html
HI: https://tostpost.com/hi/computers/1963-alu.html
JA: https://tostpost.com/ja/computers/1962-alu.html
KK: https://tostpost.com/kk/komp-yuterler/3434-arifmetikaly--logikaly-ryl-y-al---b-l-ne.html
PL: https://tostpost.com/pl/komputery/3437-jednostk-arytmetyczno-logiczn-alu---co-to-jest.html
PT: https://tostpost.com/pt/computadores/3434-a-unidade-l-gica-aritm-tica-alu---o-que-isso.html
TR: https://tostpost.com/tr/bilgisayarlar/3439-aritmetik-ve-mant-ksal-ayg-t-alu---bu-nedir.html
UK: https://tostpost.com/uk/komp-yuteri/3436-arifmetiko-log-chniy-pristr-y-alp---scho-ce.html
Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."
Related News
In the forums of global Internet users many unflattering comments about the company's software products Microsoft – the one that created the Windows operating systems, Skype, etc. Sometimes applications from Microsoft do hav...
Question for PC users: do you know what disk defragmentation?
the user of the computer that owns the device for some time, sooner or later forced to get more deeply acquainted with their important part - the hard drives on which the operating system is installed, and also stores various data...
Photo recovery: methods manual. Program to recover deleted photos
Already there are plenty of articles about free and paid programs designed to recover data: described AT allowed to recreate different types of files. This article will spend the to a greater extent, test the free program PhotoRec...
Keyboard membrane or mechanical which one to choose?
Many users before you buy a new keyboard often can not determine the choice of a particular model. Indeed, in the purchase of a new device, there are many subtleties. For example, what is cheaper: mechanical or membrane keyboard? ...
What to do if you forgot the password of the account "Microsoft"?
unfortunately (for us users), Microsoft is closely monitoring the registration of patents of copyrights and the development of new software products and their use in the future. It is therefore proposed to create their own “...
Think how to make a bee farm in Minecraft
Today we talk with you about how to make an apiary in Minecraft. In addition, look at this itema closer. Because sometimes you want to be a beekeeper without harm for your health!What kind of "beast"But first, let's see what is ou...
Comments (0)
This article has no comment, be the first!