The device of microscope

A Microscope is an indispensable tool of researchers and medical staff. The use of this device has allowed scientists to make a lot of major discoveries. Therefore, it is interesting to know that is a device of a microscope, for what purpose it is used, and what are the different types of this device.

A Brief excursion into the history of science

In fact, to learn of the scientists who first invented the microscope, today is the difficulty, because several hundred years ago, the census and were not too strict. Of course, the first lenses, and other magnifying devices began to be used quite a long time. But the date of appearance of the first compound microscope consider the period from 1590 to 1610. It was at this time began to receive information from different scientists about the creation of a device for visual magnification of small objects.

Some data indicate that the first microscope was created in 1590 by Hans and Zachary Janssens. On the other hand officially as a magnifying instrument was presented Galileo Halley. Some historians believe that the augmentation system was the first to use baths Antoni Leeuwenhoek. You can see that the historical data are contradictory.

Of Course, in 1600-ies, such devices are little resembled the present. Device microscope was simple enough and was a system of two lenses, which has worked only in natural light. Later it was invented to use a special mirror to focus the light beam.

Today, there are several varieties of such instruments.

Optical microscope

This device is probably known to all from school days. The device of the microscope is not too difficult. The device consists of two parts. The mechanical component is designed for fixation of the optical system and ease of use. Mechanical parts are a tripod, tube, specimen stage, macro - and microbenthic.

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The Optical part of the microscope consists of eyepiece and objective lenses. In addition, there are specific lighting system, which is responsible for collecting light, the concentration of the light beam and transfer it to the right place. The lighting system consists of a condenser, mirror, transformer. Some microscopes have a built-in low-voltage lamp.

Polarizing microscope

This is a variation of the optical device only with some differences. This instrument is designed to study the so-called anisotropic objects, including minerals, biological products and polymers. By the way, these same materials can be studied under an ordinary microscope, staffed it with a few polarizing filters.

Binocular microscope

Unlike the above-described optical device, this microscope has only one lens, but two ocular. It greatly enhances the objects in question. Of course, with the help of this device cannot be considered cells. The binocular microscope is designed to study small parts of plants, animal organs, minerals, etc. Because the optical microscope because of the large increase does not provide the possibility to consider objects of this size.

Electron microscope

This invention today is the greatest breakthrough in science, because it allows you to consider the objects, raising them several thousand times. Of course, the microscope device is much more complicated. As the lighting system used here is not the light beam, and directed beam of electrons. Such a device allows to consider even the smallest details at the subcellular level. It has been studied organelles of the cells of living organisms, as well as the structure of viral particles.

In any case, the invention of the microscope allowed people to make a huge step in the development of science.