Silicic acid and its application

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2018-03-28 21:20:07

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Silicic acid theoretically is a compound of silicon oxide and water. Moreover, the ratio of these components can be quite varied. Therefore, in General, their composition may be represented by the formula. While silicic acid with the presence of various amounts of silica and water, that is, with different values of parameters n and m can easily move from one state to another. Thus, n and m in this case can be considered as variables.

Theoretically, the silicic acid can be obtained by the interaction of the silicate of one of the alkali metals (like sodium) and one of the “strong” acids (e.g., hydrochloric). In this way, in the free state was allocated (received) some of these acid, metasilicic, orthographia and others. For example, a chemical reaction receipt of metasilicic acid.

+ 2HCl = + 2NaCl

However, to get pure silicic acid is almost impossible. In aqueous solutions (and they are oversaturated) silicic acid as a result of the polymerization process becomes the basis for the formation of colloidal solutions, having a rather small period of existence. Next, from these solutions as a result of coagulation of the formed gel. In this confined use of silicic acid as a gel drained, receive a so-called silica gel, which is used as a desiccant and absorbent. In addition, using special stabilizers of colloidal solutions get resistant colloids (or sols), which also find application in production.

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Silicic acid is slightly soluble, weak and thermally unstable. When heated, the decomposition of silicic acid, which is expressed by the following chemical reaction:

=

It is also a weaker acid than the same coal. Because of this silicic acid in aqueous solutions of carbonic acid is displaced from its various salts. As an example, this can be seen in the reaction:

= +

Salt silicic acid are called silicates. They have a wide distribution in nature. So, in the earth's crust mainly consists of silica and silicates. These include feldspar, various clays, mica, talc, and many others. The silicates included in the composition of rocks-granite, basalt and others. Crystals of silicates are such well-known stones, which, because of their rarity and beauty I think precious like emeralds, Topaz and aquamarines.

Most of the silicates insoluble in water. The only exceptions are sodium and potassium silicates. They can be obtained by fusion with the appropriate hydrocyclon or carbonate. For example,

+ = +

Aqueous solutions in such a way the obtained salts are called "liquid glass". It finds wide application as a binder in the manufacture of acid-resistant concrete, and in addition, used in the manufacture of all known putty and paper glue. As flame-resistant and waterproof impregnation them is treated as articles of cloth, wood and paper.

The Silicates, which include aluminum, got its name aluminosilicates. These include mica and feldspar, although their composition is much more complicated. So, feldspar, in addition to silicon oxide and aluminum oxide also contains oxides of sodium, potassium and sodium. Consisting of mica, in addition to aluminum and silicon, a hydrogen, sodium or potassium, but can be, although rarely, calcium, magnesium or iron.

In General, the use of silicates in modern conditions is broad and diverse. Mountain of silicate rocks used as building materials. Silicates used as raw materials in the production of cement, various fillers of ceramics, glass, etc. Mica and asbestos are used in the manufacture of various thermal and electrical insulating materials.


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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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