Coliform bacteria in water. Thermotolerant coliform bacteria

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2018-03-17 16:35:25

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Coliform Bacteria are always present in the digestive tract of animals and humans, as well as in the waste of their life. They can also be on plants, soil and water pollution which is a serious problem because of the possibility of infection diseases caused by various pathogens.

coliform bacteriaHarm to the body

Are coliform bacteria harmful? Most of them do not cause disease, however, some rare strains of E. coli can cause serious disease. But people can be infected with sheep and cattle. Concern that the contaminated water by their external characteristics is no different from ordinary drinking for the taste, smell and appearance. Coliform bacteria are found even in well water, which is considered to be perfect in every sense. Testing is the only reliable way to know about the presence of pathogenic bacteria.

total coliform bacteria

What happens when you are detected?

What to do if coliform bacteria or any other found in drinking water? In this case you will need a repair or modification of water supply system. When used for disinfection obligatory boiling and re-test, which may confirm that the contamination was not eliminated if it was thermotolerant coliform bacteria.

thermotolerant coliform bacteria

Organisms-indicators

Total coliform bacteria organisms often called indicators because they indicate the potential presence of pathogenic bacteria in water, for example, Escherichia coli. Although most strains are harmless and live in the intestines of healthy humans and animals, some of them may contribute to the formation of toxins to cause serious disease and even lead to death. If pathogenic bacteria are present in the body, the most common symptoms are disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, fever, abdominal pain and diarrhea. The symptoms are more pronounced in children or elderly family members.

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coliform bacteria in water

Safe water

If total coliform bacteria in water are not available, then almost certainly you can assume that it is microbiologically safe to drink.
If they were discovered, then it will be justified in conducting additional tests.

total coliform bacteria in water

Bacteria love heat and moisture

Temperature and weather conditions also play an important role. For example, E. coli prefers to live on the earth's surface and loves the heat, thus, coliform bacteria in drinking water are the result of movement in the composition of the underground streams in warm and humid weather conditions, while the smallest amount of bacteria will be found in winter.

total coliform bacteria in drinking water

Shock chlorination

For effective destruction of bacteria using chlorine, which oxidizes all impurities. His number will be influenced by such characteristics of water as pH and temperature. The average weight of dry matter per liter is approximately 0.3 to 0.5 milligrams. To kill total coliforms in drinking water requires approximately 30 minutes. The contact time can be reduced by increasing the chlorine dose, but this may require additional filters to remove specific taste and smell.

coliform bacteria

Destructive ultraviolet light

A Popular option for disinfection are considered ultraviolet rays. This method does not require the use of any chemical compounds. However, this tool does not apply where total coliform bacteria exceed one thousand colonies per 100 ml of water. The device consists of a UV lamp surrounded by a sleeve of quartz glass, through which flows the liquid is irradiated ultraviolet light. Raw water inside the unit should be completely clean and free from any visible contamination, blockages or turbidity to give the possibility of exposure all the harmful organisms.

coliform bacteria

Other options

There are many other methods of treatment used for water disinfection. However, they are not recommended as a long for different reasons.

  • Boiling. At 100 degrees Celsius for one minute effectively kills bacteria. This method is often used to disinfect water during emergencies or when needed. It takes time and is energy intensive process and typically applied only in small amounts of water. It is not a long-term or permanent option for water disinfection.
  • Ozonation. In recent years, this method is used as a way of improving water quality, eliminating various problems, including bacterial contamination. Like chlorine, ozone is a strong oxidant that kills bacteria. But at the same time, this gas is very unstable and you can only get it with the help of electricity. Ozonation units are generally not recommended for disinfection because they are much more expensive than chlorination or ultraviolet systems.
  • Iodine. The once popular method of disinfection in recent times is recommended only for short-term or emergency disinfection of water.

coliform bacteria

Thermotolerant coliform bacteria

This is a special group of living organisms that are able to ferment lactose at 44-45 degrees Celsius. These include the genus Escherichia and some species of Klebsiella, Enterobacter and Citrobacter. If the water contains extraneous organisms, this suggests that she was not well cleaned, dirty again, or there are very abundant nutrients. When detected, need to check for the presence that is resistant to elevated temperature coliform bacteria.

coliform bacteria

Microbiological analysis

Coliform organisms belong to the class of gram-negative bacteria that resemble a wand, they live and breed in the lower parts of the digestive tract of animals and humans. In General, bacteria include many species that are dangerous to one degree or another. Microbiological analysis also includes the identification of various viruses and parasites. Microbiological analysis is conducted not only to test drinking water, but also to check the security of those bodies of water where people are happy to spend their leisure time. Some, of course, are not afraid of swimming in the water, where they found a "stick", however, the safety of such water is also regulated. There are certain hygienic requirements to surface water.

If coliforms were detected, this may indicate that water has pathogens. Thus, the spread of various diseases. Contaminated drinking water can be found strains of Salmonella, Shigella, E. coli and many other pathogens that range from mild disorders of the digestive tract to severe forms of dysentery, cholera, typhoid and many others.

Household sources of infection

For drinking-water quality are monitoring, regularly check the specialized health services. And that can make ordinary people to protect themselves and to protect you from unwanted intrusion? What are the sources of water pollution in the domestic environment?

  1. Water from the cooler. The more people touching the device, the greater the likelihood of penetration of harmful bacteria. Studies show that water every third cooler is teeming with living organisms.
  2. Rain water. Surprisingly collected after rain the moisture is a favorable environment for the development of coliform bacteria. Advanced growers do not use this water even for watering plants.
  3. Lakes and reservoirs are also related to risk, as stagnant water faster reproduce all living organisms, not just bacteria. Exception can be called oceans, the development and spread there malware forms is minimal.
  4. State of the pipeline. If the waste pipe has not changed and was not cleared for a long time, this can also lead to trouble.

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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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