What is the unit of the Russian language? Of course, the word. With it, we communicate, share each other thoughts and feelings. The article discusses the thematic group of words, which classify the richness of the Russian language, including in its literary dictionary of more than 150 thousand nouns, verbs and adjectives.
Russian language studies, not action, not signs, and the words which call them. They have two values:
To understand what the thematic groups of words, focus on the second paragraph. Lexical meaning-content is, or historically enshrined in the minds of men that the correlation between the sound shell and the phenomenon of reality, designed according to the laws of grammar. Man is able to think in concepts, that is, abstractly from things, the word its lexical value separates one concept from another.
The Content and the sound is not bound by nature. Rare exceptions are onomatopoeic words and interjections, understandable in any language. For example, the sounds of nature: Oink-ha-ha, drip, drip.
When a person says the word “Desk”, each represents the Desk-piece of furniture for sitting of students during class. No one is normal or dining table, because the word carries a set of distinctive features – a generalization. But when the teacher invites the student to sit at the Desk, in the speech appears topical. Before a disciple is a specific object of a particular color, size, shape. This suggests that the meaning of each word has a denotation (generalization) and referent (the specification).
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Among the nouns can be distinguished more generalized concepts (generic) or more specific (species). An example can be seen in the picture above. Thematic groups of words-is a set of specific concepts, which are combined into the more common – a generic. For understanding consider the diagram (pictured below), which examines how the lexical meaning of the species concept. It is due to using the generic term with the addition of species differences. What is Sneakers? Shoes (generic term) designed for sports. What else can be attributed to the shoes? the Shoes, boots, Slippers, sneakers, clogs, sandals, boots, etc. All these words are combined into a single thematic group - “shoes”.
Which concept include the words: rod, net, rod and reel, bait, bloodworms, jig, fishing, hooking, biting? the Fishing. Discussed above is an example – sample thematic inclusions. Game: "Find all" best helps to understand what the thematic groups of words. Examples of games are offered in the table below:
Nasekomye | Ruby | Ptici |
Pchela | Shuca | Volga |
Small | Karas | Kurita |
Zac | Okun | Lisa |
Strekoza | Cervek | Soloway |
Kumar | Akula | Paulin |
Kyznechik | Kambala | Vorona |
In each column, you find an extra word that is not included in the thematic group. The answer is: The hare, a worm, a Fox.
In the same thematic group as inclusions, can include different parts of speech. The example of the “Fishing” includes nouns and verbs. Synonyms are different in that they are one part of speech: Movie, motion picture, movie film, movie; to run, to rush, to rush, to scram; funny, amusing, hilarious, funny. Whether they constitute a thematic group of words? The examples show that synonyms coincide in their lexical meaning and are used by the author only to make the text or the utterance of a certain expression. Most linguists classify synonymic line to the thematic groups. On average, they consist of several words, but there are exceptions. So, the word “very” has 26 synonyms.
The Union is based on common characteristics. As example we can take the adjective “red”. The group will include such synonyms as: Ruby, coral, scarlet, red.
You need To know:
What can help the student? Dictionary, where an explanation is given to every word used in the Russian language. The most well-known authors, brought together the richness of the Russian vocabulary are S. I. Ozhegov and N. A. Ushakov, although there are more modern edition, which incorporates changes associated with the use of English expressions. For example, T. F. Efremova has collected 160 thousand articles.
Thematic groups of words easily to make those who reads a lot of fiction that has used the synonymous and are able to identify similar meaning words in the text. As an example, take the excerpt of the artwork for the searchsynonyms. Help and this task:
It is Necessary to allocate the General (generic) concepts for the following words: Mother, the cow, ruler, calculator, sister, horse, eraser, pencil, pig, brother, pen, grandpa, goat, grandmother, father, sharpener, sheep, dog.
There are the following thematic groups of words: “Relatives”, “Animals”, “School supplies".
What words can describe such phenomena as the seasons? To make it easier to cope with the task, you should allocate sub-groups, for example: weather, nature, playing, clothing. They can be expanded. The principle of selection-selection of generic concepts that underlie the differences between winter, fall, summer and spring. How to write a thematic group of words? The names of the seasons represented in the table, comparing the subgroups.
Leto | Osen | Tima | Vesna | |
Pogoda | Zara Talo Solna Dokota Zneu | Promosport Doggy Slakoth Water Sarasti Zamorski | Wuga Snegopad Led Moros Holod Metal | Poteplenie Ottepel Grose Peremanivat |
Priroda | Cvety Jagody Selene Ptici Raznotravie | Listopad Pozolota Senaste Osadci Uvagenie | Space Goaled Snag Ina Sohraby | Probujdenie Podsnezhniki Landuse Proteiny Cvetenie Ruchi |
Senate | Cupania Data Kurort Plai Otpusk Sagar Otdykh | Ucheba Urojai Sbor Varenya Solange Grimy Zagotovki | Konki Hockey Snice LIII Katok | Fit Housekeeping Saturday Sowing The Arrival ptic |
Odejda | Kupalnik Sarafan Shorty Panama Clancy Mika Bosonozhki | Plas Palco Pejak Perchatki Galosi Sent Kurtka | Varezhki SUBA Shapka Valence Charf Sal Suiter | Cardigan Costum Petrovka Botilony Gilat |
In the example described only objects and phenomena, but the analogy is pretty easy to add actions and attributes of objects.
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DE: https://tostpost.com/de/bildung/23867-thematische-gruppen-von-w-rtern-beispiele.html
ES: https://tostpost.com/es/la-educaci-n/23889-los-grupos-tem-ticos-de-las-palabras-por-ejemplo.html
HI: https://tostpost.com/hi/education/13347-thematic-group-of-words-examples.html
JA: https://tostpost.com/ja/education/13355-thematic-group-of-words-examples.html
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PL: https://tostpost.com/pl/edukacja/23786-tematyczne-grupy-wyraz-w-przyk-ady.html
PT: https://tostpost.com/pt/educa-o/23794-os-grupos-tem-ticos-palavras-exemplos.html
TR: https://tostpost.com/tr/e-itim/23847-temal-kelime-gruplar-rnekler.html
UK: https://tostpost.com/uk/osv-ta/23820-tematichn-grupi-sl-v-prikladi.html
ZH: https://tostpost.com/zh/education/14042-thematic-group-of-words-examples.html
Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."
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