Trichomoniasis in men: causes, symptoms, treatment

According to experts, a great many people (approximately one million) annually across the globe is faced with infections transmitted directly through sexual intercourse. Trichomoniasis is no exception. The disease is among the communicable diseases. If the patient promptly turned for help to the doctor, the probability of recovery is equal to almost 100%. Do not underestimate the seriousness of this disease that the stronger sex are often not paying attention. This harmless but only at first glance, the disease, for a long time not manifesting clinical signs, very soon, may cause the development of inflammatory processes and even result in infertility.

Description of the disease

Trichomoniasis (currently called trichomoniasis) is a disease of the genitourinary system, provoked by the simplest single-celled parasite Trichomonas vaginalis. The causative agent of the disease is able to live solely in the genitourinary tract, as a result, he almost never leads to defeat other systems of internal organs.

Trichomoniasis in men is a relatively common pathology, infection which occurs mainly during intimacy. However, scientists are aware of cases of domestic infection (via shared washcloths, towels, sponges).

In the case of urogenital trichomoniasis affects not only urethra but also the prostate. The pathogen penetrates directly from the urethra to VAS deferens and epididymis, contributes to the development in the field of inflammatory processes. Thus, it becomes clear that this disease requires a competent and timely treatment.

Causative agent

Trichomoniasis in men occurs due to the active life of the vaginal parasite Trichomonas (Trichomonas vaginalis). It is not a bacterium, but a real one-celled animal. That's why most modern antibacterial drugs do not have much effect. Trichomonas vaginalis is the so - called obligate human parasite that live in the urethra in men and vagina in women, but in some cases it is able to penetrate even into the upper urinary tract of man. Below are its key features:

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• Outside of the human body the parasite is able to live just a couple of hours and only if the constant moisture retention.
• Dies Quickly at high heat or sunlight.
• Some infections transmitted directly by sexual contact, can create excellent conditions for the growth of Trichomonas.
• The causative agent of the disease is characterized by the ability to evade control by the immune system, disguised as normal cells of the body.

Main pathways

As noted above, trichomoniasis in men is an infectious disease. The main mode of transmission is considered to be sexual. The source of infection may be a sick person or the so-called trichomonacidal.

From a theoretical point of view it could be infected by contact-household, but this option is unlikely. The thing is that the pathogen is practically not able to survive outside the human body.

Causes of infection

Currently, scientists distinguish not only vaginal, but also other types of trichomonads. Altogether there are about 50, but in the human body can to parasitize three types (vaginal, intestinal and oral Trichomonas). The latter two options are not the cause of the disease among men as irrelevant to the genitourinary system they have.

Like many other diseases of a venereal nature, which even in the 21st century, medical science is unable to completely eradicate, trichomoniasis in men is sexually transmitted. Therefore, as the source of infection is an infected sexual partner. The reason that triggered the development of this disease can become any of sexual intercourse. Of course, a leading position in this matter is a sexual relationship.

As soon As a small parasite invades the genitourinary system, it is immediately attached by means of flagella to the nearest cage and lingers on it only then begins active growth.

Incubation period

In the first days of infection the disease is almost impossible to confirm under laboratory conditions. This is because the incubation period is usually asymptomatic. It can last from two days (if immunocompromised or there are other sexually transmitted nature) and up to two months. At this time, signs of trichomoniasis in men are lacking. After the end of the incubation period, the disease passes at the early stage of development. Usually, at this time, the doctor through various diagnostic methods can confirm the presence of problems.

Classification

Current patterns are the following forms of the disease:

• Fresh form. The duration of illness does not exceed two months. This type in turn is divided into the following forms: acute; subacute; torpid.
• Chronic form.The duration of illness exceeds two months. The symptoms of trichomoniasis in men in this case is almost always absent, the periods of exacerbation may be replaced for quite a long remission.
• Trihomonadonositelstvo. It is an asymptomatic form. For a long time, the man is not aware that he is a carrier of the infection, and continue to infect their partners.

This is the most common classification, through which it is possible to determine at what stage is the presence of trichomoniasis in men.

Symptoms

Treatment of this disease usually starts very late. This is because the primary clinical signs even when visual inspection by a specialist often remain unnoticed. The symptoms of the disease often hide deep inside, and in the first few days after infection directly into the body, they almost do not manifest themselves. Otherwise this situation is called trihomonadonositelstvo.

However, doctors still select a group of signs characteristic to this problem. How does trichomoniasis in men?

• Sharp pain during urination, burning sensation.
• The Appearance of nonspecific discharge from the urethra (pus, mucus, etc.).
• The Presence of blood strands in sperm and urine.
• Frequent urination, which often turn out to be false.

Diagnostics

Diagnosis of this disease often causes some difficulties, since it is often asymptomatic. Below are the main diagnostic methods are:

• Microscopy of the material. The doctor takes a swab from the urethra, inserts the contents on a glass slide, and then examines it under a microscope.
• Culture method (seeding discharge with the use of special media).
• PCR diagnostics.
• Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent assay. This diagnostic method is now used infrequently because the results are often false positive.

Only after a complete examination the doctor can confirm the presence of trichomoniasis in men.

Treatment

Drugs to combat the disease should be administered exclusively by the specialist, i.e. urologist or the venereologist. It is not recommended to treat yourself as this can lead to the transition of the disease into a chronic form complications. Therapy in this case is complex.

• First assigned protivotrihomonadnyh funds (“Ornidazole”, “Metronidazole”, “Nimorazole”).
• To protect the liver against the damaging action of the above drugs are prescribed so-called hepatoprotectors ("Silymarin", "Artichoke", «Silybin”).
• For greater bioavailability of Antiprotozoal drugs inside the cells use enzymes (“backed”, “Serratiopeptidase”).
• To improve the protective functions of the body are assigned different immunomodulators (“Lavomax”, “Polyoxidonium”, “Intrusion”).
• For the prevention of dysbacteriosis it is advisable to take "Linex”, “Laktovit” or “hilak”.

According to experts, the most effective cure of trichomoniasis in men at the moment is "Metronidazole". The drug is actively used to combat disease for over half a century. In uncomplicated form in some cases a single drug (2 g). Depending on the condition of the patient may be offered a one-week course of treatment. In this case, the tablets are taken twice a day for seven days. The drug is quite rapidly spreads through the body, creating a relatively high concentration of active substance in the places of reproduction of the pathogen. Unfortunately, not all men fit the medication as it has side effects. Many have noted a heaviness in the stomach, dizziness, retching.

What you need to know about every patient?

You Must know how to treat trichomoniasis in men, but it is equally important to take into account the following points, failure to which the effectiveness of therapy will be negligible.

1. This disease should be treated regardless of its shape and the presence of symptoms. Otherwise, a very large likelihood of complications.
2. Trichomoniasis is a disease involving two partners. Therefore, examination of both a man and a woman. Otherwise, therapy will be ineffective.
3. Immune to this ailment as a rule, is not observed. Re-infection is not excluded.
4. The most Important factor in successful treatment is the observance of all doctor's recommendations.
5. Self-treatment of trichomoniasis in men is unacceptable. The fact is that the wrong medication can only aggravate the current situation, to lubricate the clinical picture, trigger complications.
6. Almost all drugs used to combat this disease, change the utilization of alcohol in the body. This means that the use of alcoholic beverages even in small amounts during treatment is strongly discouraged.

Complications

In medicine such cases are known, when the symptoms of trichomoniasis in men was absent, however, the infectious agent in small quantitieswas still in the body. Moreover, the patients were cured without the use of drugs. In fact, such cases of healing are extremely rare. More often the disease causes the development of serious complications. It can be as discomfort in the area of the genitals, and the more dangerous diseases. The most common is prostatitis. Some experts believe that trichomoniasis can cause the formation of tumors of malignant nature.

Unconditional is the fact that Trichomonas vaginalis, acting directly on sex organs, reduced immune defenses. Thus, the urethra becomes open to various kinds of pathogens (e.g., Neisseria gonorrhoeae). Moreover, among infected patients is very frequently diagnosed HIV.

If the treatment of trichomoniasis in men was not appointed in time, increases the likelihood of developing prostatitis. It can occur without symptoms and with noticeable redness of the penis.

If the man managed to overcome the trichomoniasis, there is no expectation that the body will develop permanent immunity to it. At the next meeting with a pathogenic microorganism, usually re-starts inflammatory processes, which requires re-treatment to the appropriate specialist.

How to prevent disease?

Prevention of trichomoniasis (trich) in men implies a first total abstinence from casual sexual relations and condom use. If intimacy occurs, rinse penis under warm running water using a special antibacterial soap. It is extremely important to immediately seek the advice of your doctor, get tested and, if necessary, to complete a full course of treatment. Note that the regular comprehensive examination also is the prevention of trichomoniasis and other diseases transmitted directly through sexual contact.

Conclusion

In this article, we spoke in detail about what is a disease trichomoniasis in men. Symptoms, treatment and the main causes of this disease should not be ignored. I hope that all in this article information will be really useful. Be healthy!