Yakut knives: forging, sharpening, drawing

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2018-03-23 11:24:14

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Knife, which is somewhat different from the usual in our understanding, is asymmetric, with recesses on one side of the blade and such products have long been used by people of Yakutia. Today, the Yakut knives are the hallmark of this region of Russia.

History

The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is known worldwide as a major supplier of diamonds. Musical instrument khomus recognizable even in the most remote corners of the earth. Another famous invention is the Yakut knives. Anciently in such a vast territory is home to people of Turkic language group. Came the ancestors of the modern inhabitants of Central Asia. Themselves Yakuts called "Saha". Having mastered the harsh laws of living in Northern climes, these people are not just adapted to them, but also learned to benefit from them.

Since ancient times the Sakha learned to extract and process iron ore. Blacksmith skill was not inferior to the products of blacksmiths developed European countries. Russian Cossacks in the seventeenth century, began to interact with the Yakut hunters, said the quality of their instruments of labor and hunting. Yakut blacksmiths know how to smelt iron, bypassing the stage of cast iron.

Archaeological work on the territory of the settlement of this ancient people allow to prove the long history of the Yakut knives. In the studied burial grounds and Parking areas, scientists find samples of knives that are very similar to the Yakut knives. Through the millennia, they have maintained their sizes, geometries and appearance.

Varieties

Knife Design has not changed over the many centuries of its existence, but the ratio of the blade and the handle may vary in each case. In various regions of Yakutia has its own manufacturing standards of this product. The classic work of the Yakut knife – mounted on a wooden handle the blade is in the 110-170 mm.

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Yakut knives.

Among the variety we can distinguish three main types. The first is distinguished by its small size. Blade length is from 80 to 110 mm. It is made for children and women. Used for various operations in the household. The second type-the traditional and the most common knife. Blade length – not more than seventeen inches. It is used by hunters and fishermen. Without him no man. The third type are made rarely, because it is big and similar to military weapons. Blade length – from eighteen to thirty inches. It is called a respectful "Holohan".

Blade of the Yakut knife.

The hunters secrete knives tundra and taiga. The difference between them – the width of the blade. With a narrow blade knife tundra is often used for drilling and river. The taiga knife with a wider blade used for cutting and production of livestock or tree.

Main feature

The Most important difference is that the blade of the Yakut knife is asymmetrical. The knife has a blunt and straight back with the sharp end. Sharpen it only with one (left) side. If you look at the knife from the handle, then the side faces would be completely different. Left side convex, absolutely smooth.

Make a Yakut knife.

All knives with sharpened asymmetric profile with a working (right) hand, but the sharpening of the Yakut knife is only on the left. This approach has its explanation: the master often treats the wood. Having levostoronnee knife, people just adjust the depth of planing. This same feature gives precision to the multifunction planer.

Cutting frozen meat or fish is much easier the knife will go like clockwork. Skinning of the animal, to fabricate it in such a knife a joy, because everything happens quickly and without delay. Another definite plus: to sharpen such a knife can be even in the field. For this fit the stone, or perhaps the edge of a metal bucket.

On the basis of the Yakut distinguish the knives for right-handers and left-handers. For right-handed people need a standard knife, sharpened on the left side. Lefties have to produce a special mirrored knife.

Second feature

The Right side of the blade is usually absolutely straight, in the center there is a longitudinal groove. The availability of the dollars from one side of the blade is another feature of "yakuta". Craftsmen produce knives with short and thin dollars or wide the full length of the blade. The Yakuts call him Jos. The emergence of such features explained in different ways. The first version of the origin of the part connects with the original material making a knife cut along the bone. And the gutter - not that other, as the hole from the bone marrow.

Sharpening of the Yakut knife.

Another option: Yakut knives was made of two parts. The Foundation is of soft iron, the hard part for blade. This was done to save durable steel. The trench in this case was as a compensatory leash, which appeared in the quenching process of the two components of the blade.

Flat the right side plays an important role. She brings the blade cross-section to a quadrangular form. For working with wood or sewing of leather clothes need to apply force. Penetrating action is enhanced by the special shape of the Yakut knife.

What gutter

The Reasons for the relevance of a few dollars. Besides saving iron there are practical indicators. In Yakutia there are frequent frosts below30-40 degrees Celsius. A knife without dollars it is difficult to sharpen and change. Blade with a fuller thinner, very sharp, holds the edge. Sharpen it quickly and easily.

Forging of the Yakut knife.

A Wide trench while butchering allows you to touch the knife with the meat only back side. The trench remains free, the skin of the animal is removed easier due to the reduction of the area of touch. The recess in the blade freely dripping blood.

The Presence of the trough allows you to lighten the weight of the product. Master made when forging the Yakut knife, trying to make it easy so that he didn't drown in the water. The fisherman, dropping the knife from his hands, I am sure that it will not sink, or at least not immediately go to the bottom. Stay afloat helps specific handle.

Handle

The handle of the knife at first glance has nothing special. It is made from birch burls – a peculiar outgrowth on a tree trunk. Soaked the finished handle with special oil. Length of the handle – thirteen-fifteen inches. When ordering individual measured palm width, arm should be a little wider, without any guard or stops. The shape of the hilt is shaped like an egg, the narrow part of which is directed to the blade. He picked up this knife, the hunter feels the convenience and reliability.

a worker of the Yakut knife.

Sometimes the handle is made from birch bark. The fishermen and to the products special requirement: wizard must make a Yakut knife such that the handle is able to keep it afloat. Products with plastic handles or mammoth bones play the role of Souvenirs. In everyday life do not use them.

Sheath for "Yakut"

A Kind of sheath need Yakut knife. Initially, this took an ox tail. It turned the sock inside out, put inside wooden liner. The size of the insert was supposed to be bigger than the knife. His goal was not to hold the knife and protect it from breakage.

The Knife goes in the sheath two-thirds of the length of the arm. In this position, the sheath firmly held the product for the handle, and the blade remained free. Could build a sheath from bark or wood. For attaching to the body attach the lace.

Traditional-wear

Yakut knife is worn on the left side or in front. Free the suspension does not interfere with the movements of the person. Hunter quickly pulls out a knife right hand, while resting your thumb at the base of the sheath.

The blade of the knife facing left, aimed at removing from the sheath on the person. It has always been, it's a tradition.

Significance of the invention

Modern masters in compliance with all of the traditional requirements made of the Yakut knife, a drawing of which is passed on from generation to generation. Hope that the invention will not be becoming obsolete, and the fire of love masters are transmitted to descendants, is very great. Modern experts of knives make this knife with a versatile and unique design.

The Philosophical base of the knife is to use it only for creativity and work. The wizard creates your product as assistant but not for war or harm.

In the Yakut families with a child five received the knife. Mother was not afraid that the boy will get hurt. First blood and a small cut was teaching the kid to be careful, neat, and hence rational. The first knife made especially for children's hands.

Yakut knife drawing.

The Man needs to have multiple knives for household purposes, for work on wood and for hunting. On ceremonial occasions wore an ornate knife, which emphasized the status of its owner. On ordinary days it was hanging over the bed. None of the households had no right to touch him. A family heirloom handed down to the eldest of the sons.

Historical phenomenon

Yakut knife – exceptional historical phenomenon. Put it on a par with the celebrated “Finca". A few decades ago it was considered to be melee weapons and prohibited. Today on it is written in the legislative acts of the Russian Federation. Since 1995, accepted “Regulation on the manufacture, sale, purchase, carrying, and transportation of the Yakut knife on the territory of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)”.

This knife is suitable to repel the attack of the enemy, he is a great friend to hunting and fishing. The Yakuts themselves often call it my third hand. They believe it is better to lose the gun than be without a knife.


Article in other languages:

BE: https://tostpost.com/be/nav-ny-gramadstva/13735-yakuck-ya-nazhy-ko-ka-zavostryvanne-charcezh.html

DE: https://tostpost.com/de/news-und-gesellschaft/13741-yakut-messer-schmieden-sch-rfen-zeichnung.html

ES: https://tostpost.com/es/noticias-y-sociedad/13748-yakutskie-cuchillos-forja-afilado-dibujo.html

KK: https://tostpost.com/kk/zha-aly-tar-o-am/13739-yakutskie-pysha-tar-so-u-ayrau-syzba.html

PL: https://tostpost.com/pl/aktualno-ci-i-spo-ecze-stwo/13731-yakutskie-no-e-kucie-szlifowanie-rysunek.html

PT: https://tostpost.com/pt/not-cias-e-sociedade/13727-yakutskie-facas-forjamento-afiar-desenho.html

TR: https://tostpost.com/tr/haber-ve-toplum/13742-yakutskie-b-ak-d-vme-bileme-izim.html

UK: https://tostpost.com/uk/novini-ta-susp-l-stvo/13738-yakuts-k-nozh-kuvannya-zatochka-kreslennya.html






Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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