Zaytseva Gora, Kaluga oblast and the monument stands, petrified

Kaluga oblast, as the province is located to the South-West of Moscow. This explains that none of the conqueror, marching to capture Moscow and the Homeland, did not escape these places. All the enemies of Russia have appeared, usually from the West or the South. It began in the 13th century, after the attack of the Mongols. On the banks of a small river stood two forces: Tatar and Russian. The Tartars did not survive the confrontation and walked away, not accepting the fight. So Rus in Kaluga fields forever freed from the yoke. But began the attack of the Crimean Tatars. Then on the old Kaluga road went to Moscow to the French and fled in fear back. The latest fighting took place in a time of testing of world War II. Terrible beginning of the great war – Zaytseva Gora. Kaluga oblast, As always, stood in the center of military events.

The Beginning of a tragedy

About Zaitseva Mountain our soldiers, regardless of the victims, tried to block the approaches to Warsaw highway – the direct path to Moscow. Almost a year waged military operations. It was a very difficult time for our soldiers, found themselves almost surrounded and cut off from the main forces. Zaytseva Gora – elevation in 275,6 m as it was called at scale maps, when there were fierce continuous fighting. She promised all sorts of benefits to that of opponents, in whose hands she will be. Heavy fighting saw Zaytseva Gora. Kaluga oblast all what could have helped the Soviet Army.

Benefits of a height

Zaytseva Gora blocked the way along the highway to Yukhnov.

Threatening the roads to the Baryatino and Kirov and the railway line Smolensk-Sukhinichi.

Therefore, the enemy with the fury held each locality alongside and lost, wanted to return. A stronghold of resistance to the Germans – Zaytseva Gora. Kaluga oblast gathered all the strength to suppress their resistance.

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Distribution of power

Our soldiers on this front was in two with superfluous time more, but the Germans had a long-term field fortifications with minefields and entrenchments of a full profile of several lines, and dominant in the sky aviation. It happened that a few days of heavy fighting, our shelves have lost half their strength. Feat of the soldier – Zaytseva Gora. Kaluga region was already occupied all enemies. We were in the ring.

In Other words, each party is committed not to lose the operational efficiencies and this has led to new losses. But not every battle crippled Hitler's war machine.

Tasks of the Soviet Army

Before the soldiers of the 50th army had a task in interaction with the 49-th army of Yukhnov to release and move in the direction of Vyazma. The first part of this task was to clean up the Warsaw highway from the river to the village Ressy the milyata.

Yukhnov were also working on the 4th German field army. Road Roslavl – Kuzminki - Zaytseva Gora – Yukhnov linked the army with the rear. Each locality on the outskirts of the highway was suited to all-round defense. The key to all the positions of the Germans on the highway was Zaytseva Gora. Kaluga oblast, the story of the fighting on the ground Keep the memory about the beautiful people we lost along the way.

At the end of winter swift blow, knocked the Germans out of the village of Lena, the division headed for the highway and was completely surrounded. They fought for two weeks, not receiving any support, deprived of their supply. One thing remains-to break back. But the battle ahead was more than one. To fierce resistance of the enemy was added the spring thaw. Clay soil limp. Traffic on the road stopped. The Germans had Warsaw highway. On it day and night not only delivered the ammunition supply and food, but also approached the army reserves. Local skirmishes with the enemy could not achieve its main objective: as quickly as possible to get out of the environment in the area of Vyazma. And in order to cope with this task, it was necessary to take Zaitsev Mountain. And this should be done immediately, while the spring thaw has not broken up every attack.

Zaytseva Gora was entangled in barbed wire, littered with artillery batteries strewn with mines. A quick bloodless victory no one expected.

The Decisive battle for the height, not the fight, but one swift attack. The engineers built the snowy ramparts to protect from enemy fire. The infantry was equipped with positions for machine guns. Hopes for tanks and artillery was not – snow, soaked with water, making approach impossible.

The Morning of April 14 began a massive bombardment of our positions on Zaitseva Mountain. From the air, bombed cars with black crosses. Our part, stepping, defended from tanks. The soldiers threw themselves under enemy tanks with bundles of grenades. The attackers moved like an avalanche. In the battle for Mount Zaitsev's heroism was massive. By the end of the day over the height of the red flag was raised. The will to win prevailed.

Eternal memory

At the top is the Museum “Zaitseva Mountain”. Kaluga oblast carefully collects and stores all the relics found in the ground fighting. The Museum itself was opened on 9 may 1972. The first visitors were veterans. Now the Museum has a large exhibition space and five thousand exhibits.

Immediately after the expulsion of the Nazis Zaytseva Gora became a mass grave. “Those who are in sorrow, all seembreakouts they clean the air so necessary!..” the Monument over the mass grave-is a monumental figure of a soldier. Thus was formed the memorial. Around the planted young trees - birches, Christmas trees, hazel bushes, in which the spring in all keys sing the nightingales, roses. In fields blooming cornflowers, daisies. On the memorial swiftly flying swallows, cuckoo cuckoo. Later, near the memorial was lit the Eternal flame. The graves at mount Zaitseva be enriched by the remains of the soldiers found in the surrounding hardwood and spruce forests and swamps. The search is complicated by the rainy climate, the eternal leaden clouds in the sky. Sunny days are issued rarely.

“the Mountain hill left, but the soldiers from under her not living up. The mountain itself – prostrelyanny their chest. Flowers like wounds, was clearly baked, and worshiping those colors, not tearing them: they are a living wreath intertwined" (the author of the poem V. Puhov).