What is economic region. Central black earth region: General information

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2018-03-18 10:31:14

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The Central black earth economic region (CCAR) has quite a great importance in the economic structure of the Russian Federation. This is due to both geographical location and production facilities located in its territory. Let's find out more what is a economic region Central black earth. Will also concentrate on the definition of the concept of zoning.

economic region Central black earth

Economic zoning of Russia

Economic region – this part of the country, which has certain characteristics of economic specialization, shared infrastructure, means of communication.

Zoning is not part of the administrative-territorial division of the country and serves as economic and geographical term to facilitate the understanding of economic interrelations, as well as a more comfortable way of planning the future development of the region.

Central black earth economic region EGP

At the present time on the territory of the Russian Federation allocate twelve of these entities. Economic region of Central Chernozem is one of them. We'll talk about it in more detail.

Geographical location

Economic region Central black earth is located in the South-Western part of Russia. The largest city and unofficial at the same time its center-Voronezh, which has a population of more than 1 million people. The composition of the Central black earth economic region includes five regions of Russia: Kursk, Lipetsk, Voronezh, Belgorod, Tambov. The largest area of them –Voronezh (52 200 sq km) and the smallest area is of Lipetsk – 24 000 sq km Area of Belgorod, Kursk and Tambov regions is 27100, 30 000 and 34 500 square kilometres respectively.

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Sometimes this region is referred also Oryol oblast, which has common with other subjects of the Russian Federation the history of similar nuances and strong economic ties. But in the modern official zoning it refers to the Central economic district.

So, 167 700 sq km-territorial area which has a Central black earth economic district. EGP (economic and geographical position) it is quite profitable. The district is located in relative proximity to the capital and greatly is adjacent to the state border of Russia with Ukraine. This contributes to significant turnover in its territory, which, however, declined in connection with the aggravation of relations with neighbors.

Name

Economic region (Central black earth) received its name during the times of the Russian Empire, when really occupied a Central position in the European part of the country. Currently, his official title is not quite true, as is the area on the Western borders of Russia, and is geographically Central.

The District is named black earth due to the fact that the basis of its soils are fertile black soils. His second name, which has a pretty wide circulation, – the earth.

History

The Central black earth economic region of Russia has quite an interesting and long history of development.

The First settlement of modern man found in the area, Dating back to the bronze age. They represented so-called Abashevo culture. Later on the territory of Chernozem region was inhabited by many tribes: Scythians, Sarmatians, Alans, Khazars, Pechenegs, Cumans.

A significant part of the area also settled Slavic tribes of northerners, from where it got the name Siverschyna. She became part of the Ancient Russian state, and after its collapse was a part of Chernigov and Novgorod-Seversky principalities. The Foundation of the city of Kursk is dated 1032. He is the oldest of the existing settlements on the territory of the region.

After the Mongol invasion the territory fell to desolation. Here roamed Nogai. The West of the current Central black earth region, became part of the Duchy of Lithuania.

Central black earth economic region

Since the XV century, there was a significant strengthening of the Moscow Principality, which became transformed into the Russian Kingdom. Its influence it began to spread to the lands of the earth. Moved here the settlers to protect the southern borders of the country from the Crimean khanate and just in search of fertile land. At the end of the sixteenth century erected the fortress of Belgorod and Voronezh, and later major cities now that are regional centers.

During the Russian Empire, after the administrative reform of 1708, the territory of earth was divided between the Kiev and Azov provinces. We can say that during this time, since the end of XV century, the region is largely isolated and has acquired a number of characteristic features. By the 1880s, is the publisher of the statistical material, in which stands the Central agricultural region (future CCAR) that includes the following provinces: Kaluga, Voronezh, Penza, Ryazan, Tambov, Kursk, Orel, Tula.

After the arrival of Soviet power in 1928, established a separate Central black earth region with the regional center of Voronezh. Into its composition entered the territory of Orel, Voronezh, Tambov and Kursk provinces. In 1934 the Central black earth region was abolished and divided into Voronezh and Kursk regions. In 1937, their composition was allocated Orel and Tambov oblast, and in 1954 another Lipetsk and Belgorod.

It was in the Soviet era largely accounts for the industrialization of the region, the construction of large factories and enterprises and intensive development of agriculture. It was also introduced economic zoning in the modern sense of the word, and dedicated CCER.

Current stage

After the proclamation of sovereignty of the RSFSR at the end of may 1991, it was announced the disposal of the Chairman of the Supreme Council Boris Yeltsin on the establishment of the Association “Chernozemie”, which was intended to promote the interaction and cooperation of individual areas of the region. By 2010, the Association consisted of 10 regions, 5 of which are not included in CCAR, although they are right next to him.

In the dashing 90-e and all Russia, the region has been going through hard times: production has declined, many businesses were closed. This was due to the nuances of the transition period from a planned economy to a market economy. But since the beginning of 2000-ies the economic situation of the Central black earth region has improved significantly, though still not fully exploited its full potential.

Population

The Population of Central black earth economic region at the moment is of the order of 7800 thousand people, with a density of 46 persons per square km, a Significant number of people live in cities – around 70% and only 30% of the population are rural residents.

The Most populated region of the Central Chernozem region-the Voronezh. The number of inhabitants it is 2.3 million people, of which more than 1 million came from the city of Voronezh. Least of all inhabitants of the Tambov region – 1.05 million people. the population of the Belgorod, Lipetsk and Kursk regions is 1.6, 1.2 and 1.1 million people respectively.

The Highest population density in the Belgorod region – 57,1 people/sq. in Tambov Least – about 30.5 people/sq. Corresponding indicators of the Lipetsk, Voronezh and Kursk regions are of 48.1, up from 44.7 and 37.3 persons per sq. km.

According to the ethnic composition of the vast number of people in the region (over 95 %) are Russian. The number of Ukrainians does not exceed 1.5-2% of the population of the economic region. Among other minorities, it should be noted Armenians, Gypsies, Azerbaijanis, Turks, Jews and Yezidi Kurds. But the number of representatives of any of these ethnic groups are small – less than 0.5% of the total number of the inhabitants of the earth.

The Town

On the territory of the Central Chernozem region has a large number of large settlements-towns with a proud history.

 the population of Central black earth economic region

The largest settlement of economic district is its Central city-Voronezh, where the population exceeds 1 million people. Among other major actors need to be identified such regional centers as Lipetsk (more than 500 thousand inhabitants), Kursk (more than 420 thousand inhabitants), Belgorod (more than 380 thousand inhabitants), Tambov (more than 280 thousand inhabitants). The largest regional center is the city of Stary Oskol in the Belgorod region. The population in it exceeds 250 thousand inhabitants.

All the above settlements have a rather well developed industry and infrastructure.

Resources

Natural resources of the Central Chernozem economic region truly great. On its territory there are the largest in Russia and the second largest in the world, iron ore – Kursk anomaly. In addition, on the territory of Chernozem region there are deposits of Apatite, bauxite, sand, limestone, clay, phosphorites, chalk, granite and many other resources. There are also deposits of gold, platinum, copper and Nickel.resources of Central black earth economic region

The Main natural resource of the region is its...


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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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