Nature reserves and national parks: nature biosphere reserve Sayano-Shushenskaya

All nature reserves and national parks are famous for marvelous corners of unspoiled nature and picturesque natural landscapes. In the Sayano-Shushensky similar to the canyon, stunning panoramic views. Covered with sparse forests, inaccessible cliffs, with steep cliffs stretching along the shores of the Yenisei river, on the water surface which here and there one can see the friendly Islands. Local Sayan, framing the Yenisei, are strongly reminiscent of the Norwegian fjords.

Location Sayano-Shushensky nature reserve

In the Krasnoyarsk region, along the Western coast of the river Yenisei, in the centre of the area are inaccessible with impassable rocky ridges, sprawled Sayano-Shushenskaya biosphere reserve. It covered the territory of the Sayan and Naked mountain ranges, as well as part of a mountain chain formed Khemchikskaya and Kantegirskiy ranges.

A Conservation area is adjacent to the Village, Ermakovskom district and the Republic of Tuva. From the village of Shushenskoye to it is 300 kilometers. The reserve is arranged around the artificial lake-the Sayano-Shushensky reservoir.

Its objectives include tracking the impact of the global experiment on natural ecosystems, removing harm from the raising of the water in the artificial lake, the preservation of unique and typical natural ecosystems for thousands of years evolving in the Western Sayan mountains.

Natural features

The Reserve Sayano-Shushenskaya – the territory is practically undeveloped natural systems. It affects the wildness and purity of unspoiled nature. Here the landscape is heterogeneous. Dark coniferous taiga is gradually replaced by Gornostay open spaces. Forests occupy almost 60% of the Park. The rest of the square are stone placers, loaches and rocky clumps.

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The topography is dominated by mountainous landscapes. In the vast expanse, covering 390 000 hectares, sprawled grandiose mountain chain of the Western Sayan mountains. It is formed Himkinskim, Sayan, Kantegirskiy, Igarskiy and other ranges of folded ancient rocks.

Water system, which is a nature reserve Sayano-Shushenskaya formed capricious mountain rivers, glacial moraine and podrobnymi lakes, the area of the Sayano-Shushensky reservoir and mineral springs. Reservoir together with the existing hydroelectric stations and numerous bays stretches along the Eastern side of the protected area. In the area of the river Ydyc-Tyk-hem, where are its origins, groundwater, dissolving and washing out is not too hard rocks, forming vast karst cracks, craters and dips.

Flora

The Sayano-Shushenskaya conservation area, like many nature reserves and national parks, is located at the junction of the floristic regions. Its flora is characteristic of the mixed type. In the North dominates the vegetation of the Altai-Sayan area and in the South-Central Asian. Joined diverse areas on the Sayan ridge.

In the reserves grow plants from the red book, relict vegetation. Here expanse to such endemic species as bluegrass and Wheatgrass Altai Krylov. Ideal conditions for the growth of the catchment Borodin and anemone Yenisei and Baikal. The soils of the reserve is covered with a cross from Bunga and Silene swollen.

Are precious medicinal herbs. Golden and maral root, which were on the verge of extinction before the reserve was established Sayano-Shushenskaya, now out of danger. Relict vegetation here is represented by rhododendron and core beggars. Found in the conservation area corners, suitable for the growth of odorous Woodruff and fescue far East.

Fauna

The Sayano-Shushenskaya biosphere reserve tightened dark coniferous forests of the taiga type. Here dominate the cedars, spruce and fir. The main crediamigo bear the burden of the cedar forest – having a rich forage resources necessary for animal life. Most species of animals do not experience shortage of food, create larger areas, population density which is quite high.

Mix the Altai, Mongolian and Sayan fauna provided a wealth of fauna in the conservation area. A unique nature reserve Sayano-Shushenskaya has been home to 50 species of mammals and 660 species of insects. His conditions came 15 species of fish and 4 species of reptiles. Nest here, and birds. There are over 200 species.

Wildlife

The Reserve - a kind of reserve, where we try to increase the population of small mammals related to valuable hunting species. The density distribution of sable, mink and wolverines yet. The forests are inhabited by squirrels and lynxes, capercaillies and grouse.

The reserve is a unique collection of rare and on the verge of survival of animals which appear on the pages of the red book. Here herds of forest reindeer, belonging to the Altai-Sayan populations, and Siberian ibex. In the mountains, treading softly, sneaking clever predators-snow leopards.

Large animals Sayano-Shushensky reserve are wolves, leopards and bears. There is speculation that it is home to certain species of the red wolf. Of cloven-hoofed animals there are red deer and ROE deer, musk deer and mountain goats, deer and other. Over the meadows flit Apollo ordinary. Rich and diverse vegetation pollinating bees-the carpenters.

Birds, biosphere reserve

Floating In the sky, looking for prey, numerous eagles and Peregrines, Sakers and osprey. A pair of black storks nest in the dense swampy forests and mountain tall. The Demoiselle cranes had settled on the dry steep ground. The ruins and ravines, in rocky mountain gorges and among dense forests make their homes owls.

Black-headed gull Nests, large gulls scattered islets of the bays of the Sayano-Shushensky reservoir. In the swampy lowlands meet small swans. Graceful birds make nests made from moss and sedges, on hummocks, or dry Islands near the coasts.