Culture, customs and traditions of the Tatar people: brief

Every nation has its own customs and traditions. Many of them are unusual and interesting. To live in peace with their neighbors, people need to know what features they have, and respect them. In this article we will discuss the customs and traditions of Tatar people.

The same scenario

On the territory of our homeland, its representatives live almost everywhere. They occur from Tambov to Omsk, from Perm to Kirov in Astrakhan. The religion of the people-Islam. Although there are converts to the Orthodox group. Culture and traditions of the Tatar people are connected with religion, and secular life. Typically religious holidays are very similar. During their conduct complied with the customs and traditions of the Tatar people. Briefly list them:

• Morning prayer;
• Cemetery visit;
• Treatment of guests;
• Greeting all the relatives and neighbors, with special attention to parents;
• The distribution of gifts.

Religion and social life

Well-Known religious holiday is Eid al-Adha. On this day believers must sacrifice an animal, and visit a mosque and give it to the poor. A celebration in honor of the birthday of Muhammad is called Maledom. It is celebrated by all Muslims, so it is of great importance for this religion. 21 Mar Tatars celebrate Nowruz. This is a celebration in honor of the spring equinox. On this day people celebrate the heart, because the happier people will be, the more they wait for gifts from nature. Another national holiday-the day of the Republic of Tatarstan. Its celebration is like our celebration to the city day, and ends with a fireworks display.

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Echoes of antiquity

Earlier, when the Tatars existed pagan beliefs, they were interesting rituals, intended to appease the spirits and to make natural forces manageable. One of them was Anger, Teleu. It was carried out, if came the drought. To do this, the participants of the ceremony gathered near a water source. They turned to God, asking for rain and good harvests. Then ate food and bathed in water. For a stronger effect performed a rite of sacrifice. Also in our time still have the tradition of mutual assistance. Tatars gather together to build or renovate a house, to participate in the procurement of meat. However, in our time, willing to help selflessly is getting smaller.

Universal joy

Perhaps the most famous is the holiday called Sabantuy. It is widely celebrated in cities where Tatars live, even in Moscow and St. Petersburg. It is associated with the beginning of agricultural work. When the spring was coming, people rejoiced the end of winter, the fact that we can again get to work on the land to grow a crop that will feed their families for the cold season. If you translate the name of the holiday into Russian, you get ‘wedding plough”. After all, “Saban” — the plough and the “border” — wedding. In our time, the customs and traditions of the Tatar people have changed, therefore Sabantui means the end of the spring works, not the beginning, and is held in the summer. Is this holiday in two parts. But in the big cities takes place in one day. In the village first carried out the collection of gifts, and then comes independence. Traditions and customs of the Tatar people in different areas are always slightly different from each other. Therefore, in one locality, the gifts collected young man Hiking in the other — a young man on a horse in the third — an elderly man.

Every woman, married during the year after the previous Sabantuy, prepared richly embroidered and ornamented towel. It was considered the most valuable gift. On the second day was held the Maidan. Traditions of the Tatar people assume that this day will pass various competitions: the national wrestling Koresh, jumps in length and height, run, jump. They were intended for men only, women remained onlookers. The customs and traditions of the Tatar people can be seen even in these sporting events. At the races feature the best horses, because this competition is very prestigious. At a special place at a distance of 5 kilometers from the village were going spectators and participants. The jockeys are boys 8-12 years. The finish line is traditionally located near the village, and the start - in field. The prize was a towel, and stitched a married woman, obtained during the collection of gifts.

Other competitions

According to the traditions of Tatar people, in running a race, podrazdelenij for the three age groups, from boys to old men. As you know, men are not competing just for fun. It is very important to determine who is the strongest. Best of all it part in the struggle Koresh. This type of competition very well illustrates the customs and traditions of the Tatar people. This is a national struggle on the sashes, which is now used towels. In this view the power of the competition can take part men of any age, starting from five year old boys. The only limitation — old age. The participants became in pairs and began to fight,his opponent with a towel around his waist and trying to put him on the shoulder. The fight continued until, until one of the fighters has been defeated or acknowledged themselves as such. Then the winner was recognized as a hero and awarded one of the best prizes. The customs and traditions of the Tatar people, to organize such a celebration, the preparation of which is the world, is worthy of respect.

Not hurt Anyone

During the Sabantuy should be fun not only to men, so in addition to the main competitions were held many others that could participate and women. This tug of war, climbing a smooth pole for the gift, comic competitions. Many of them are familiar to other Nations. They are often uses at weddings the master of ceremonies. For example, running with an egg on a spoon held in the mouth, sack races, pillow fights or sacks of straw. If we continue the description of the above-mentioned traditions of the Tatar people briefly, we can say that Sabantui bright and cheerful festivities, something resembling a carnival. Dancing with driving round dances, competitions of singers, dancers, and at the end of the meal with tasty dishes - here's what else awaits the participants of this festival.

Customs and traditions of the Tatar people in family life

Such families are Patriarchal. In them the main role for men. In this area the traditions of the Tatar people briefly reduced to two holidays, such as weddings and the birth of a child. The combination of marriage — it's a highlight, with their rites: bride price, dowry, and other Nicknames.

Cell companies

This wedding has a number of features. During its implementation complied with the customs and traditions of the Tatar people. Nicknames — it's a rite adopted from the Muslims committed by the Mullah in the mosque or in the house. Nowadays, it is a tribute to the ancestors. Legal force it has, and requires formal registration with the Registrar. So it was held, it is necessary to observe certain conditions. The bride and groom don't have to have intercourse, and especially to live together. Such a wedding does not drink alcohol and do not eat pork. In the food consumed only freshly prepared dishes including those that have adopted, respecting the customs and traditions of the Tatar people. Briefly: peremeci, gobadi, clotted cream, tarmac ASHI, bales, ochpochmak, court, Katik, chak-chak, Kosh-tele, bread from sour dough. Actually dishes on the table put a lot more of these.

The Men at the ceremony the Nikah is obligatory in skullcaps. The bride wears a dress with long sleeves, head scarf. The ceremony held by the Mullah. After he announces the bride and groom husband and wife, the two sides exchanged gifts. They go to each of the relatives, men give skullcaps, and the women shawls or shirts. Followed by a General feast, at which all guests eat and be merry.

When a baby is born

The Traditions and customs of the Tatar people to children is associated with a ceremony, during which the child receives the name. They are long, and their order is still not changing. On the celebration of the birth of a child, be sure there is a Mullah. He needs to pray and to name the baby the name chosen by the parents. After this ritual, guests are offered refreshments on a tray. They need to take the treat and instead put the money on a baby gift.

Being a man

When the boy was born, at the age of 3-6 years will make him a circumcision. This tradition is associated with the requirements of Shariah and executed strictly in accordance with them. Maybe that boy wasn't so bitter, this day is very solemn. Close relatives of the child prepared in advance. Earlier for carrying out mini-operation has brought home a special person sunnetci. Now the boy lead in the surgical Department, where they spend the circumcision in a sterile environment that reduces the risk of postoperative complications. After everything is done, the child is placed in a clean bed, putting on his long shirt. After the wound is healed, arrange a special celebration. Before this celebration was carried out in the same day. There are two possible scenarios of the festival. In the first of these men and women sit separately. On the table, no alcoholic beverages. The second is more fun. Guests are treated with sweets, invite musicians, sing, dance.

The Sad ritual

Not all the rites of the Tatars connected with triumph and celebration. If the family happens to be a mournful event, the parting with the deceased relative is in a long-established tradition. First, you need to wash the deceased. Do people of the same sex. Then clothed in special clothing — kafenio. It is a cloth, manually sewn on the body of the deceased. To do this, take a white cloth, the length of which for men is 17 meters for women - 12 meters.

They are usually Buried directly in the day of death. At the funeral there are only men. Muslims have not accepted to bury in a coffin, so in order to convey the deceased to the cemetery, use a special stretcher. In the Muslim graveyards graves directed from North to South, they are digging strictly on the day of the funeral. The tradition of laying the deceased head North and feet to the South connected with suchthe location of the Holy sites of Muslims, Mecca and Medina. In a grave organize recess, in which three close male relatives placed the body. According to tradition, it should not get the land. The funeral suit at 3, 7, 40 day, and year. From the first day guests little. It's mostly older men, on the seventh day invite the women. Sorokovye a year from the date of death to remember the deceased coming everyone.

What are the traditions of the Tatar people still exist?

The Main tradition is respect for elders, especially to parents. Also Tatars are taught from childhood to help the younger, not to hurt the disadvantaged. Mother enjoys special honor in the family, but the requests of the father must be carried out unconditionally, because he is the head of the family and all members of the household obey him. Tatars know and love to receive guests. If the person is in their house, he would not failure in anything, even if it is an enemy of their family. By tradition, the guest is first given water, then offer to wash and then treat. In Tatar families in high esteem modesty and decency, especially in young girls. Wedding women are prepared in advance, learn to cook, to keep house.

Tasty food

In Tatar families her food, preserved and passed on from generation to generation. The best dishes are prepared with meat, so they are hearty and delicious. The application is mainly lamb, beef, poultry. Tatars - the former nomads, so they have learned to harvest the products of livestock for the future - Katik, ertek, aramchek, kurut, koumiss is prepared from the milk of goats, cows, camels and goats. Like the Tatars and various soups, which are run by the greens. From drinks they prefer tea like green, black and herbal. To him harvest and dry many plants: wild rose, BlackBerry, Linden, thyme, oregano, St. John's wort, and others.

As the first dishes are usually boiled soup. For example, kullaa. Cooked for him the broth from three varieties of meat: goose, beef and lamb. When he is ready, it is filtered and add the onions, potatoes and noodles. Cook until tender and seasoned chopped meat. Served with some quroot and greens. Tea cakes are both sweet and meat, and also serves sweets chak-chak, honey, candy.

Beautiful clothes

The Culture of any nation cannot be imagined without the national costume. The peculiarity of the male part of the Tatars is skullcap. This hat is homemade and festive. Between the lines of the skull it is customary to lay a cord or horsehair. Fabric for various uses, as well as jewelry. Usually for young people sew embroidery bright colors, and for older people choose the material quiet tones.

Women's hats allow us to determine the age and status of their owner. Girls wear a kalfak with decoration-tassel. Married lady close headdress not only hair, but head, neck, shoulders and back. Bedspread under the top hats are usually worn by older women. Wear them on holidays oblige traditions and customs of the Tatar people. Photos of these hats can be seen in this article. In addition, the national costume of the Tartars has bright colors, rich ornamentation, high-quality jewelry, variety of footwear. Its appearance depends on what people's subgroup is the man, his putting on.

In this article we have considered the customs and traditions of the Tatar people. Briefly, of course. Because it is impossible to tell about all the features, rich culture and identity of the Tatars in a single article.