The types of crowds and their characteristics

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2018-03-24 20:02:19

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Each of us are well familiar with the concept of the crowd. In simple terms, it's a big crowd of people. Chaotic, though not devoid of some organizations that occurs because of the shared object of attention, events, traditions, and circumstances.

But not only it unites the people in the crowd. Unite them emotions, some tension, General mental state. This is a complex concept and phenomenon, so everything that relates to him should tell you a little more detail.

crowds

General characteristics

Before proceeding to the crowd, you must understand the definition. There are two options, and both right, just each of them fit one or the other. So the crowd is:

  • Initially, the disorganized cluster of people that has no common conscious purpose.
  • A crowd of people, lost their discipline and lost a common goal.

In both cases, all of the crowd are in a state of maximum excitement. Such concentrations are formed in the context of natural disasters, which include technological disasters, earthquakes, fires, floods. Even during military exercises, the mass spectacle, celebrations, protests (demonstrations, marches, rallies, strikes). Have a place and transport the crowd.

Types are based on factors, which include emotional agitation of people and the degree of their activity. And now you can go to typology.

crowd people

Active crowd

Is Characterized by high aggressiveness, propensity to violence, violence, destructive action. Active consider fleeing the crowds that are easily converted into Stateline and panic.

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This is a generic definition. More active the crowd is any gathering of people, manifesting itself in action. For example, football fans who organize the mayhem after the match. The case of the protection of the White house in 1993, can also be considered indicative of – then the people gathered in an active crowd not to Express their feelings or to watch the event, but for the sake of taking part in the action.

Current crowd

This type is the most important in socio-political terms. Accordingly, of all the crowd, he most deeply and closely studied. It is important to note that this type has a so-called branches. It is divided into aggressive, panicky, these acquisitive and rebellious crowd. The first two will be considered separately, so now attention is worth noting other 2 types.

  • These acquisitive crowd. It is formed by people, who are obsessed to regain some values or extract them. Crowds of this type are extremely heterogeneous. They may be thugs, depositors of failed banks, looters. In any case, all participants are struggling for the possession of values.
  • The Rebellious crowd. It is called rebel. If the crowd actions are successful, it becomes a “revolutionary”. Is good luck is coming lose? Then the crowd ceases to be even rebellious. It becomes ‘collect coup” or “random mob”.

how often motley crowd

Aggressive

About this kind of crowd need to be treated separately. In an aggressive crowd constantly increasing level of emotional arousal, as well as external and internal activity. Gradually manifests itself mental stress, which is based on the feelings of anger, despair, frustration, misunderstanding. From active the crowd becomes aggressive in connection with the emergence of so-called excitation stimulus. He provokes General resentment and indignation.

But mainly distinguished by an aggressive crowd of her destructive behavior. Clusters of people United by fear, what is called usually a danger to life, are divided into a panic and fleeing. Their behavior becomes destructive – the level of awareness of actions committed falls, lost its critical attitude to the situation, experiencing fear becomes more acute.

And the panic is more dangerous fleeing crowd. Because their behaviour poses a great threat to people. In a panic the crowd completely lost the organization and its members begin to behave unconsciously, mechanically, is inadequate. Fully absorbs their fear. Fleeing the crowd, are more predictable, you can subdue the organization, as participants had for some time retained the ability to regulate their behavior and realize what is happening.

regular crowd

Expressive

The name identifies a characteristic of this type of crowd. Expression – it is a vivid manifestation of thoughts, moods and feelings. And even temperament. What is an expressive crowd? The crowd of people that rhythmically expresses a certain emotion. It can be anything-outrage, joy, anger, enthusiasm.

A Vivid example of – people chanting at a rally slogan. Or football fans, the entire crowd supporting their favorite team chants. In some cases, the rhythmic expression of emotions takes the intensive form, therefore appears the phenomenon of mass ecstasy.

According to the characteristics and the formation of the expressive crowdsimilar to the current. Its members lose self-awareness, they also begin to contact with small and fast responsiveness.

But there is a fundamental difference. The fact that members of an expressive crowd do not produce the image a particular purpose. Accordingly, the suggestion does not lead to the creation of the action plan and to implement it directly. Can be expressed in simple language. The expressive crowd is not valid-it just lends itself to the excited movements. In such cases, an external expression of feelings and an end in itself.

Conventional crowd

It consists of people who gathered in a particular place at a particular time, and with a pre-set goal. Examples of this phenomenon are everywhere around us. Take, for example, spectators of a theatrical performance, the audience of a Symphony concert or football fans.

The Peculiarity of this type of cluster is that its participants comply with the rules and customary norms governing their behavior. This makes the crowd a predictable and orderly. You could even say that these people are close to the public. This term also means the set of individuals under influence of anything – education, literature, events, advertising, art actions (performances), etc.

expressive crowd

Occasional

In this case, the name also determines the response of the crowd. The word “occasion” is “accident”. That is, the occasional crowd-a crowd that gathered to watch the incident suddenly happened. Very common situation from the social sphere, which witness at least once in life was to each of us.

If the area of any city will land a UFO, then surely after some 15 minutes it will be overcrowded. Around him immediately formed a cloud of onlookers. And what are they? This individual, who by chance were associated with a single center of attention.

How quickly a crowd formed, and its size depends on the informational value and unusual incident. For example, stuck in a tree kitty – is unlikely to meet at least a hundred people, to see how it will be there to get it. But if suddenly someone in the street put a suitcase with a million rubles and say that after 10 minutes, give it to who he will like it? People must and will flee for the sake of such.

Ecstatic

Not to mention it. Ecstatic crowd-a crowd who bring themselves into a frenzy through joint prayer or ritual action. Occurred this concept from the word “ecstasy”.

The history of well-known striking example. We are talking about the St. Vitus dance – the festival, which originated in the time of the medieval plague. People are tired of what is happening and so wanted to forget this nightmare that went wild and danced to death. And in the truest sense of the word.

 panic crowd

Literature

Consider a phenomenon well-described by the great poet Mikhail Lermontov in his poem titled “How often motley crowd surrounded by…”. In this piece, the writer skillfully portrayed the despised of society, denouncing the life ‘masquerade" and the cold indifference of a secular society.

He managed the best way possible to convey a conglomeration of images, and such figures of speech as “the propriety strapped masks”, “heartless people”, “long-intrepid hands” and “wild whisper memorized speeches” if carry the reader into the atmosphere – so that there, in that hall where had been dancing. About the poem “How often motley crowd surrounded by…” actually, it is possible to tell more, conduct far more detailed and in-depth analysis. However, and so everyone will find in it something catchy, poignant. Definitely should read it at least once.

Signs of the crowd

They, too, are worth noting. The types of crowds differ in conditions and circumstances, but the signs are the same. Here are considered the main:

  • Numerous. In small groups do not occur psychological phenomena which are typical for the crowd.
  • Aimlessness.
  • Increased rapport. All people are at a minimum distance from each other. Sometimes it does not. So that each individual enters the personal space of his “neighbor”.
  • Emotional anxiety. As mentioned earlier, unbalanced dynamic state and the unrest – this is the typical psychological state of the crowd.
  • Disorganized. The crowd formed spontaneously. They have no organization, and if it appears, it is lost very quickly.

feature of the crowd

Human Behavior in the crowd

It also represents a certain interest. The behavior of a person in the crowd is changing because of the circumstances surrounding it. And this is what is observed in the majority of cases:

  • The Decline of the internality. Lost self-monitoring-the individual increases dependence on the crowd, he is unconsciously subject to the influence of the crowd. The ability to regulate their own behavior disappears.
  • Loss of individuality. All members of the crowd gradually come to the same levelpsychological and behavioral manifestations. No matter how different they may be – each eventually becomes similar to each other.
  • Inability to focus on a single object. Manifested impaired thinking, attention easily switches.
  • Fast absorption and subsequent distribution of the information received. This person may even unconsciously distort, exaggerate heard. So the crowd, there were rumors.
  • Suggestibility. Under the influence of external circumstances, people easily believe that in another scenario would be a nonsense. This includes the lies, misinformation, unrealistic promises, absurd slogans, appeals, etc.
  • Increased activation. When a person is in the crowd, all his resources are mobilized. That's why often people in such conditions are the physical and psychological qualities which seemed to him inaccessible. In other words, man himself is surprised that he is capable of.
  • Atypical behavior. Sometimes people in the crowd can start to do things you would never do. And then, remembering what happened, will refuse to believe it.

And that – are just some of the reasons why the phenomenon of the crowd is of interest to learning professionals. It's not just a crowd of people. The crowd is a real danger – and as to others, and for those who are inside it.


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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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