The history of volleyball. The history and development of volleyball

Until the early 1930s, on the world stage of volleyball has not been given due attention on the part of leisure and recreation. The history of the game "volleyball" on different continents varies because different parts of the world there were different rules of the game. However, national Championships were played in many countries (e.g. in Eastern Europe, where the level was high enough). Thus, volleyball is becoming more and more competitive sport characterized by a high physical and technical activities. Where did it all begin?

Father of volleyball William G. Morgan

The progenitor of the now popular game was born in 1870 in city Lockport of the state of new York, where he spent his childhood years attending public school and working on his father's boat on the banks of the Old Erie canal. In 1891, fate brought a young Morgan by James A. Naismith, who was destined to become the ancestor of basketball. After graduating from preparatory school in Northfield, Morgan continued his education at the International Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA), Springfield (now Springfield College). In Springfield the young talent, honing athletic skills, participated in part of the famous College football team, under the leadership of Alonzo A. Stagg, one of the “Grand Masters of football”. In 1894, after high school, Morgan agreed with the proposal of the Director of the Association and adopted a similar coaching position at Holyoke, Massachusetts. It was at this time was based on the history of volleyball. Briefly we can say that thanks to James A. Naismith, Morgan got a chance to light a star on the sports field.

Recommended

Professional figure skates: review, views, and reviews

Ice skating is popular with many. But if you do it professionally, you will need the proper equipment. First and foremost, professional figure skates, which have to meet certain requirements. Before I talk about the most popular brands of this mercha...

Spinner for pike with his hands. The most successful turntables on the pike. The best turntables for pike

The Most effective bait when fishing for pike is considered a spinner. Type it is vertical, oscillating, and rotating. While all of these lures has one goal: the imitation of a fish.All about turntablesthis type is characterized by an absolute unique...

Telescopic fishing rod for fly-casting

Modern rods are composite structures of glass or carbon tubes-knees, having the shape of a cone or cylinder.When choosing a rod professionals pay attention first and foremost on their basic parameters: weight, material, length with stiffness. However...

A Game for middle aged people?

In 1895, before the Director William. G. Morgan faced a dilemma: athletic skills and training in the necessary volume needs to people of any age, but the newly-born basketball became popular only in children. For local dealers in middle age she was too intense, because it took a lot of effort and was not allowed to relax. Before Morgan was a problem – you need to think of such exercise, in which you can play with pleasure and after work and during lunch break. As defined statement of the problem Morgan himself: “the Game should be with a strong athletic impulse, but without physical contact aggressive”.

Then he decided to create a symbiosis of several games to take the best and make something new; this is the path of development was the history of the game. Volleyball includes elements of basketball (ball), tennis (net), handball (using manual feed of the ball from a far distance), baseball (innings). All skills successfully embodied in the game «Mentone”, she was named by the Creator. And although at first the recognition of the game was incomplete, it was successful enough to gain an audience at a sports conference of Directors of the YMCA, held in Springfield.

The History of volleyball says that at the conference, Dr. Alfred Halstead, a Professor at Springfield College, suggested as the name of the game the word “volley”.

Amendment and revision of rules

A Considerable number of changes took place, the history of volleyball, the game has come down to us in such a way as we know it now. As already mentioned, first of all, changed the original name of the game. Agree, it would be difficult to imagine Karch, Kiraly (American volleyball player, 3-time Olympic champion in classical and beach volleyball), playing on the beach in Mentone! The number of players was also changed: originally, the team was allowed to have as many players as could fit on half of the 10x5 metre platform, namely nine people. However, after the changes the number was reduced to 6 per team.

The Early games in the gym Morgan was played ball with rubber camera. But already in 1896 the sports firm "Spalding" has released the first official volleyball ball, and by 1900 the standard form and the weight of the ball was almost identical to those dimensions that are used today.

The Mesh was significantly higher than in modern games to make more challenging game of volleyball. The rules of the game and the story development since then much has changed. Today the height of the net is 2,43 m, and slightly more of 2.24 m for women. In accordance with the original rules of volleyball, a team had to score 21 points to win, but in 1917 this number was reduced to 15. Also in 1922, the number of allowed touches of the ball was limited to three.

Volleyball outside the U.S.

Despite the fact that the history of volleyball was formed rather slowly for the first few years, it quickly spread beyond America thanks to the representatives of sports associations, which are often attended missionary schools in Asia. The game in a short time occupied a place of honor among the Eastern games, and in 1913, volleyball has taken root in Russia. During the international competition, which began in the 1950s, Russia was the dominant team and showed excellent results. In Europe generally interested in volleyball during the First world war.

In 1913, the history of volleyballdeveloped on the Asian continent productively, this is the year the game was included in the programme of the first far-Eastern games, organized in Manila. It should be noted that for a long time in Asia was playing by obsolete rules, which meant a team of 16 players (more people and promote the game).

The popularity of the sport has gained after was created the formal institutions of governance and representation. In 1928 an Association of volleyball the United States in 1947. it was renamed the International Federation of volleyball (FIVB). In 1949, held the first men's championship in Prague, Czechoslovakia.

Popular

The growth in the number of players in volleyball is continuously growing, what this article tells of 1916, written by Robert K. Kaboom with the participation of “Spalding”. According to estimates Kabuna, the number of players has reached a total of 200,000 people, of which youth groups are divided in the following way: in the YMCA (boys, young men and older people) - 70 000 people., in the YWCA (girls and women) - 50 000 people, in schools (boys and girls) – 25 000 people and in colleges (young men) 10 000 people.

In 1916, the organization of the YMCA managed to induce a substantial growth in the popularity of the game among the students of the National collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), publishing a set of rules and a series of articles about volleyball.

From the gym to the sand

In 1940, he developed a different style of volleyball. Teams of two or four players competed in impromptu competitions on the sandy beaches of California, and soon the best teams began to travel up or down the coast to meet up in fights with other teams. The first beach volleyball tournament was held in California in 1948.

The Main success for beach volleyball came after television carried a broadcast of the championship at the Olympic games in Atlanta in 1996, the story of the game was marked by stunning success of the FIVB Swatch World Tour beach volleyball has opened a brand new road to international level.

Beach volleyball

Volleyball Association was founded in 1965 with the aim of differentiation and standardization of rules and for official tournaments. By 1976 the best players competed for a prize Fund as recognized athletes in 1983 men-players formed the Association of volleyball professionals (AVP) . For the prize pool as recognized athletes compete best players in volleyball. Women formed their own Association in 1986.

When Olympic volleyball stars have started to hold competitions on the beaches, the sport became even more popular. Beach volleyball has spread from California to Florida, and then in other States, even those that do not have beaches. In some areas, played indoors on sand arenas. By 1993, beach volleyball was so popular in the United States that tournaments were broadcast on national television.

In 1987, hosted the first international match between two men's teams (volleyball). Women have played the first tournament of such a plan in 1993.

Gold trophies

Very quickly it became apparent that volleyball was popular not only for the middle-aged men, as originally intended, but also young girls. First American national volleyball Championships for women was played in 1949, 54 years after the birth of the game. The first international competition for women held in 1952.

Today, men's and women's competitions of classical and beach volleyball are part of the Olympic games. For the first time the Olympic sport began in 1964 in Japan. The host country of Japan and the Soviet Union met in the final as leaders, and Soviet athletes took gold in the women's category. In the men's category in volleyball also had the advantage of the Soviet Union, after winning the first Olympic games, our athletes won medals in each of the next five games. Men's volleyball the USA team managed to win victories in 1984 and 1988.

The history of the origin and development of volleyball on the sand came much later classic game. Beach volleyball became an Olympic sport in Atlanta in 1996 only (the tournament between the USA, Brazil and Australia).

In the past decade, the game has received a new round of development in the sports arena: with the big success have passed the international competitions of such tournaments like FIVB World championship, World League, World Grand Prix, Olympic games.

Volleyball Russia

Despite the fact that volleyball was invented in America, in Russia, the game quickly caught on and fell in love. So much so that in Germany it was called the Russian folk. And no wonder, because the Russian Champions gave the game a unique properties: agility, athlete, speed. Even in the 1920s when American coaches in some Russian cities were organized volleyball teams, and in 1922 the sport was interested in Moscow, included it in the curriculum. Young athletes everywhere began to compete in this sport. In all the republics of the Soviet Union, the game deserve the recognition, especially after its inclusion in the Olympics. Soviet Champions 4 times took the gold in the worldcups, 6 times became winners of international Championships and 12-time winners of Europe.

After the collapse of the USSR the history of volleyball in Russia is not finished. In 1991 was created the all-Russian volleyball Federation, which has kept knowledge of the Soviet instructors. In 1993 men's team takes part in the World League, where they took second place. In the same year in Turku athletes received a bronze medal in the Intercontinental tournament. Followed by a series of misfortunes until 1999 when the team appears coach G. I. Shipulin, which team gets the silver medal at the tournament of Europe and win on the World Cup. The way to laurels was very difficult, because the Russian team played the best teams of Holland, Italy, Czech Republic, Greece, Yugoslavia. Volleyball has only blossomed in 2002, when the team earned a victory in the World League.

The Following competitions - the World Cup and the Olympics in Beijing was marked by good results in the game and defeats the last final tournaments, and yet bronze consistently accompanied the athletes. 2012-2013 marked a new star victories for Russia – at the Olympic games 2012 and European Championships.

History of volleyball in the figures. The most significant events and dates

1895: William G. Morgan (1870-1942) creates the game of volleyball.

1896: developed and started in manufacture of ball for volleyball.

1922: the first national Championships were held in Brooklyn, new York, which was attended by 27 teams from 11 countries.

1928: becomes clear that tournaments and rules were needed. Formed Us volleyball Association.

1930-ies: the birth of beach volleyball on the beaches of Santa Monica, California.

1934: the approval and recognition of national judges in volleyball.

1947: founded the international Federation of volleyball (FIVB) formally documented the history and rules of volleyball.

1948: the first beach tournament.

1949: the international Championships in Prague.

1964: volleyball was included in the list at the Olympic games in Tokyo.

1965: formed beach volleyball Association(CBVA).

1983: creation of the Association of volleyball professionals (AVP).

1996: beach volleyball debuted as an Olympic sport.

1997: Dain Blanton becomes the first African-American professional player in beach football, having won the tournament on the Miller Lite / AVP.

2007: Karch, Kiraly leaves a stellar career, leaving behind an unforgettable trail. Kiraly – this is the history of volleyball. Briefly we can say about his achievements that he won the tournament in 24 years, his team has advanced to the semifinals in over 75% of all Championships in which he participated.