Trunking communication functionality. Trunking communication system

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2018-03-24 12:25:22

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An Alternative to cellular networks can be trunked communication system. These technological solutions are actively used around the world. Many Russian organizations, both private and public, prefer just the same trunking communication. What is its specificity? What are the benefits of appropriate solutions to other popular communication standards implemented in Russia and abroad?

Trucking connection

What is a trunking system?

Trunking communication — a kind of terrestrial mobile communications infrastructure, and the radial-zonal type. Operates through the distribution channels of repeaters between subscribers in automatic mode. In addition, the term “trucking” conforms to the way users can access the selected set of channels, in which a free resource is allocated to a specific subscriber for the period of the connection.

Trunking infrastructure often presented:

ground equipment

- the subscriber stations.

The first element trunked infrastructure includes base stations and controllers. Modern equipment of the appropriate type allow use of the connection within the individual, group or broadcast call types. In some cases, connecting one subscriber station to another without recourse to the resources of the base station.

Consider the type of communication is applicable for a wide range of tasks of state security agencies. It is important to comply with the technical requirements of SORM systems, trunking communication. Such, as a rule, embodied in departmental regulations.

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The Principles of trunking communication

Consider the basic principles of trunked communication systems.

The technology involves the use of ultra-short waves, just like cell phones. To increase the range of signals in the trunking infrastructure are utilized repeaters. Above we noted that in its composition contains a base station. It can be represented as one or multiple objects — in the first case, the network will be classified as single-zone, in the second — as mnogozonovaya.

Operator trunking communication

The First trunked network connection, allowing the interaction of several hundred subscribers. Now due to inclusion in the network infrastructure required number of base stations to provide communication between virtually any number of subscribers. The operator of the trunking communication can prioritize calls to ensure communication in different modes-simplex, duplex. Modern infrastructure of the appropriate type can protect channels from unauthorized access, eavesdropping, allows the output devices to the Internet. Trunked communication systems are digital and analog.

Who uses a trunked system?

Trunking systems, which are, as we noted above, the radial-zonal elements of the network infrastructure and functioning in the ultra-short range, focused mainly on corporate customers, law enforcement agencies. While the main customers of the mobile operators — individuals. Trunking is best suited for fast communication within groups of specialists — for example, in the performance of duty, performing tasks, providing assistance to other people, if we are talking about emergency services.

Above, we noted that the kind of communication sought after public services. In fact, the relevant structures are the primary users of this kind of communication. This is due to several fundamental differences trunking communications, in particular, cell — habitual ordinary citizens. Namely:

with the possibility of almost instant — within 0.5 seconds of connecting one subscriber to another;

- identify priority channels of communication;

- the ability of subscribers to each other without using the base station;

with the availability of resources for network configuration in accordance with the user tasks;

with the possibility of organizing group, broadcast, emergency, delayed calls;

with the availability of resources to encrypt communications, with possibility of listening of conversations by a third-party subscriber.

These options are not typical of normal cellular communication. Some similarities with trunking technology standard cell has Push To Talk. But on many criteria it is not suitable for public services.

The cellular is better trunking

The cellular trunking better? First of all, the ability to pass file data with high speed — modern standards allow 4G to reach tens of megabits per second. However, it is worth noting that presented in the TETRA standard trunking communication (if we talk about technology in the R2 version), in principle, also capable of high-speed data transmission.

TETRA is a digital technology consider communications. But it should be noted that trunking communication "TETRA" in the version of RI is slightly inferior to the standard R2 — in particular, the speed of data transmission.Although the main options the possibility of both technologies are broadly comparable. It is useful to compare them with other common standards for trunking communication.

Basic standards trunking communications

The most common technologies include primarily those that are classified as digital. Analog trunked infrastructure is not too popular. The most popular connection standards of this type:

- EDACS.

- iDEN.

- TETRA.

- APCO.

Consider the features of each of them in detail.

Standard EDACS

The Standard EDACS was developed by the famous Swedish Corporation Ericsson. It is classified as private. This standard involves the transmission of data channels using a wide range of frequencies (but within the 870 MHz). Within a single trunked network, it allows you to provide a link between the 16 thousand subscribers.

Consider the standard to be sufficiently reliable, but is deprecated because it actually involves the transmission of analogue signals, though, and using digital infrastructure. He also, as we noted above, closed. The equipment of the trunking communication needs, adapted to it, can produce only a development firm.

Trunking communication Tetra

IDEN

The standard — is also closed. It is designed by Motorola. The greatest demand is in North America, some countries of South America, in Asia. The technology in question allows the realization trunking network familiar to subscribers of mobile operators services — for example, sending SMS, faxes, and Internet connection.

In Russia, the relevant standard is not widespread, according to experts, due to the fact that within it the frequency — 805-821 MHz or 855-866 MHz is not too optimal from the point of view of solving tasks primary users of trunked communication systems, which, as we noted above, are public service. By the way, the firm Motorola has released a number of decisions at the same time compatible with both trunked and cellular communication technologies.

Tetrapol PAS

This communication standard was developed in France by the company Matra Communication by order of the French secret services. Is characterized by the involvement of quite low frequencies — from 70 to 520 MHZ, the use of which is not too popular in other countries. However, in Russia attempts were made to test the corresponding standard trunking communication.

TETRA

We have reviewed some aspects of TETRA. Examine the specifics in more detail.

Trunking communication "TETRA" is, in turn, open standard communication developed by European experts. Outside Europe, has long been not too common, however, is now used by many Russian, Asian companies, African and South American firms.

Trunking communication system

The Openness of the standard allows to ensure compatibility between different manufacturers equipment for trunking communication. Companies planning to release an appropriate devices, it is necessary, however, to become a member of TETRA MoU, thus confirming its willingness to contribute to the development of this technology. Many modern brands that produce equipment for trunking networks, have also joined this organization.

Above, we noted that the R2 standard allows to transfer data at high speed. It is possible, in particular, due to the fact that trunking communication on appropriate technology is combined with cell broadband channels.

The Russian standard "TETRA” branded “Tetrarus”. So, it was used for building the telecommunications infrastructure during the Olympic games in Sochi.

APCO 25

Another popular technology trunking communication — APCO 25. Developed by the Association of communication services security structures. The headquarters of this structure are located in the United States, in the States of Virginia and Florida.

The Advantage of the standard — in the possibility of communication through channels with a high level of security, achieved through the use of various encryption technologies. Another remarkable feature of the APCO that it allows you to use a wide range of frequencies — from 139 to 869 MHz. A high level of protection, which provide a trunking communication system, determines the required high demand by the Russian security services.

It is Worth noting that in Russia a private common communication standards, operating on trunking principles. Their use due to the need to create a very robust and secure communication infrastructure. When this approach is applied trunked communication system in armed silagh. Many of the technologies used in the Russian army, designed specifically for the needs of defence and not designed for a mass through the use of.

Main service providers trunking communication in Russia

Look at which brands in Russia deliver services using technologies referred to.

Famous Russian operator of trunking communication — company «RadioTel”. Has the infrastructure to integrate mobile networks with the urban stations. Delivers solutionsfor emergency services, emergency services and private customers.

One of the largest trucking operators in Russia — company «Tetrasvyaz”. Specializiruetsya on the implementation of solutions within the TETRA standard in the most different regions of Russia. Supplies a wide range of services — from the design of the trunk network to its commissioning.

Another major brand on the market trunking solutions - ‘Regiontrank”. The firm provides services mainly in Moscow and the Moscow region, and also in some regions of Central Russia. The brand positions itself as a provider of solutions adapted to the specification of the business processes of specific customers.

Another famous company that operates in the segment of trunking technology “Tsentr-Telko”. It may be noted that it infrastructure solutions, operating within the framework of the standard EDACS.

Prospects for the development of trunked solutions in Russia

So we looked at what trunking communication, principle of communication, using its standards. Now let's see what the experts say about the prospects for the development of appropriate solutions in Russia. The subject is subject for the largest of conferences with representatives of the telecommunications industry of the Russian Federation — agencies, suppliers of services to their customers.

The community discusses the advantages of the actual trunking solutions primarily to cellular technologies, and the applicability of existing standards for data communications in the Russian Federation. So, experts in the field of the decisions referred to, the common point of view which the best for Russia would be just the same TETRA technology — with the features of development of communication services in Russia.

Above, we noted that standard "TETRA" has been selected to build a communications infrastructure for the Olympics in Sochi. But in Russia, one way or another, represented the majority of technology, trunking communication from those elsewhere used in the world — not to mention the special military developments. A large number of solutions of the corresponding type, implemented in Russia, primarily due to the lack of a common adopted at the Federal level, criteria for the selection of optimal technology platforms for building trunk infrastructure.

The Development of the appropriate type of communication in Russia can be difficult due to the ambiguous perception of the benefits of these decisions by heads of departments, who are the main users of the considered technology. For them is not always obvious superiority trunked infrastructure over cellular networks. This is due to different reasons.

First of all, the fact that the instrument is analog trunking communication, digital solutions of the appropriate type is usually significantly more expensive than devices for the use of cellular technology. While agencies often do not take into account the obvious benefits of trunking communication — which consists, primarily, in the efficiency and security of negotiations and transfer of information. In addition, the actual costs associated with the use of the connection when using trunking solutions can be significantly lower than in the case of cellular communications — with proper design of this type of communication infrastructure.

It is Worth noting that the principle of trunking communication is applicable not only to ensure the rapid negotiation between parties. On the basis of relevant technologies can be implemented system for determining the location of the object — coupled with its GPS coordinates, as well as its tracking of the monitoring centers. In this case, when building up the appropriate infrastructure may not require the introduction of relatively expensive duplex solutions — may well be enough and simplex devices. This method of application trunking communication — another factor in the growth of interest in it from various Russian firms and agencies.

Summary

So we looked at what trunking technology, considered the main communication standards corresponding to them. The main users of the relevant decisions — the Russian intelligence services, departmental structure, and large businesses. In the army units of the Russian Federation are applied trunking communication system designed specifically for the solution of military problems — closed.

Principles of trunked communication systems

The Main advantages that characterize this technology: the rapid exchange of data, security of information, high data transfer speed (if we are talking about modern digital standards), the possibility of building networks on a large scale — assuming the use of high-performance and submitted in a sufficient number of base stations.

Trunked networks have a lot in common with a cell — running in ultra-short range, the ability to transfer text messages between devices, and also access the Internet through the activation of the respective devices. Hardware solutions used within the trunking infrastructure, are usually more expensive. But with optimized implementation the customer can save significant — primarily on the traffic.

In the world made quite a large number of standards for trunking communication. In Russia and Europe the most popular is characterized by a technology called "TETRA" in the U.S. — the APCO. Although in Russia with theor another activity involved the majority of the world's trunking standards.

The Prospects for the appropriate type of communication in Russia will greatly depend on which technologies will be adopted as the leading — at least in most regions of the country. There is reason to say that the gold standard will still be called "TETRA" - as the most suitable for Russia, because of the nature of the development of the telecommunications market in the country.

Another significant condition for successful development of such technological areas as trunking communication in Russia — raising the level of knowledge and competence of the leadership of agencies that are actual and potential users appropriate solutions. While many of the structures of power the advantages of the considered technology concepts — not quite obvious. But, of course, trunking solutions in Russia — has a consumer and they are already the most actively used. In Russia, adopted normative legal acts regulating the use of appropriate technologies by intelligence agencies. Thus, at the level of legislative regulation in the Russian Federation created conditions for the development of trunking communication.

SORM systems, trunking communication

Of Course, may require the development and adoption of additional legal acts which will also apply to the civil sphere — but in the case of interest to the business community and the largest agencies, we can expect relevant initiatives at the level of regulating authorities.

The Development of these technologies in Russia may be traced in the expansion of applications, and upgrade hardware components and software involved in order to ensure the operation of the trunked infrastructure.


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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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