The US judicial system and its structure

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2018-03-23 09:06:07

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The Judicial power of the United States, as in any other democratic country, is one of the three pillars of government. Along with the President and the Congress, the Supreme Court, under the Constitution of the United States of America, is one of the Supreme bodies of the hierarchy that has authority. But as the country is a community virtually independent regions, a characteristic feature of its judicial system is manifested in the lack of a unified system. We can say that in the state while there are more than 50 separate, parallel judicial system in each state and a separate Federal chain.

The Lack of a unified vertical, permeating the entire structure of American justice, explains the historical background that influenced the formation of legal system of each state. However, it is possible to identify the main characteristics of the division of justice that are the Foundation of the American judicial system. Three (in a small territory or population of States and counties – two) the level of the General courts, which are complemented by various agencies with limited powers. The first step of this structure are district courts of General jurisdiction. They originally obey civil and criminal cases, except those which, according to its specificity, should be considered specialized departments.

These specific specialized agencies, the judicial system of the United States has generated a lot. In other countries is mainly military tribunals, and here we see a large variety of lawsuits and cases which were referred to the authorities. This can be, for example, processes on adolescent issues, domestic violence, bankruptcy, litigation over the territorial division of the land between the owners, the cases relating to tax, foreign trade and others. When the district courts of General jurisdiction of the Federal magistrates who have helper functions and handle cases of minor offenses for which provided by law is not more than $ 1,000 fine or one year imprisonment.

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If a citizen wishes to challenge the sentence or decision of a judicial body of first instance, the US judicial system gives him the opportunity: you only need to direct the complaint appropriately decorated one of the 13 appellate courts, which was established in 1891 and represents an intermediate step between the district boards and the Supreme court of the United States. Territorial jurisdiction of each court extends to different number of States (three to ten). The meetings involved a dedicated member of the U.S. Supreme court, assigned by the Agency.

At the Federal level, the US judicial system is embodied in various instances “nalstate” level and Supreme court as the dominant authority. There are nine judges. They are all appointed by the President and are in the process of approval in the Senate. Over and appoint the Chairman of the Supreme court. The decisions this body adopted by a quorum when it voted six people. In the jurisdiction of this court is to consider complaints about companies the lower court if they address issues of Federal importance, or the decision was made on the basis of laws contrary to the Constitution of the United States of America. As the first stage of the process, Federal courts dealt with disputes between States or cases involving patents, Maritime communications, copyright, and foreign ambassadors.

The US Judicial system is not limited to the borders of the country. Powers of district authorities and act on the four areas in other countries (e.g. Puerto Rico), under the control of the United States. As you can see, a ramified system of justice gives the US citizen protection and the right to appeal at all levels. To this lengthy list, you can still add the tribal College operating in the indigenous reservations. They are engaged in the consideration of litigation between Indians and members of the settlement.


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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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