Engine D 21: design features

Date:

2018-03-23 10:55:11

Views:

530

Rating:

1Like 0Dislike

Share:

Table of contents:

One of the largest manufacturers of tractors in the USSR and in modern Russia is Vladimir motor-tractor plant (vmtz). The most famous model of the plant was a small wheeled tractor T 25, which was manufactured from 1966 to 2000. During this time, through the gates of the plant were more than 800 thousand cars.

Big family

T 25 and its modifications are equipped with two-cylinder diesel engine D 21. The engine was developed by designers vmtz as part of a family of engines, which includes three-, four - and six-cylinder diesel engines. Engine specifications D 21 is quite consistent with the requirements of a tractor of this class requirements. All versions were equipped with air cooling system. General view of the tractor with the engine of D 21 is shown in the photo below.

D 21 engine

The Engines were widespread unification in many parts. Was identical to the details cylinder-piston group, camshaft (except the camshaft).

Carter

The Main part of the engine of D 21 is a cast iron crankcase (so-called block-Carter), a closed bottom stamped oil pan. Inside the case are three crankshaft main bearing caps and a pair of the supports of the camshaft and balance shafts. To increase the rigidity of the axle bearings of the crankshaft is located above the bottom plane of the block. Inside the unit is made channels for supplying oil from the gear pump to the bearings.

Engine D 21

To the rear of the crankcase is attached a cast of the flywheel housing of the engine. In front of the gear motor is located to drive the camshafts and auxiliary units. The gear unit is closed by a removable cover. All major units of the engine installed on the crankcase or casings the front and rear of the motor.

Recommended

"IZH 350 Planeta Sport" – frisky Soviet bike

It is believed that of the entire line of Soviet motorcycles "IZH" truly sporty just one. It is easy to guess that it was "IZH 350 Planeta Sport".History motorcycleIn 1973 the factory "Izhmash" was made a real breakthrough: the line went down the fir...

How does the rear bushing front arm and how many it serves?

How does the rear bushing front arm and how many it serves?

The Rear bushing front arm – one of the constituent elements of the vehicle chassis. He refers to the guide elements of the suspension together with the levers endures tremendous stress with wheels. However, with this this item, there are many ...

Oil consumption in the engine. Six reasons

Oil consumption in the engine. Six reasons

It is Hardly possible to find a motorist who would not be worried about the increased oil consumption. It is especially annoying when it happens with another new motor. Here are the most common causes that result in the consumption of oil in the engi...

On the left side of the motor (in the direction of the tractor) is the pump for fuel supply and piping supply of fuel to the pump and to the injectors in the cylinder heads. On the same side are the headers intake and exhaust. On the intake manifold is the glow plug used for preheating of air. Additional heating is used to facilitate engine start at low temperatures.

On the front of the engine located in the neck of the oil filling, the inlet of an axial fan and a counter of hours worked. On the same axis with the fan arranged in the generator. The entire Assembly is secured by a clamp to the cover of the gear unit. The drive is provided by belt drive from the crankshaft. On the pulley shaft there are marks of opposite dead points in the first cylinder (identified as TDC and BDC) and mark the beginning of fuel injection in the first cylinder (label T). Also on the front of the engine D 21 mounted dipstick and a filter system for the filtration of fuel.

Tractor engine D 21

On the right side of the motor includes a decompressor that is used to facilitate starting the engine. This mechanism connects the cylinder chamber with the atmosphere and can be used to emergency stop diesel. The same side in the cylinder heads are installed nozzles fuel injection. The cylinders are covered with a casing in which is pumped to the cooling air. At the bottom of the engine closest to the flywheel housing with an electric starter.

Cylinder

On top of the unit there are two holes to set the individual cylinders. The side of each there are a couple of additional holes for the rods tappets.

Cylinders are made of cast iron and is equipped with a mounting flange and eighteen thin cooling fins. Between the ribs there is a gap of 8 mm for the circulation of cooling air. The ribs are asymmetric on the circumference of the form.

D 21 Engine specifications

The part of the fan rib is shorter, and on the opposite side – long. This is made for more uniform cooling of the cylinder. With front and rear ends of the ribs are made short to reduce mitrinkova distance and the overall length of the motor as a whole. Also on the ribs made the cutouts for the studs.

Because the cylinder material is special abrasion-resistant cast iron, the mirror is made directly on the inner surface. When worn or damaged cylinder just replaced.

Cylinder Head

Each cylinder of the engine 21 D has an individual head of aluminum in which are located the intake and exhaust valves, the opening of the decompressor and the injector.

Engine D 21

Head and cylinder are attached four studs, screwed into the block body. Heads and cylinders are interchangeable. For cooling the head is equipped with eleven ribs. At the top of the head there are guide bushings for valves and studs for the rocker arm shaft of the valve train. In the lower part of the pressed heat-resistant cast iron valve seats.

Inside the head there are channels for the intake and exhaust that go on the left side. To these channels on the studs to fasten the intake and exhaust manifolds.

Pistons

Pistons of aluminum are in its design the combustion chamber. The camera has a spherical shape and is made in the bottom of the piston.

To ensure reliable operation, the piston has threecompression and two oil scraper rings. In the groove under the oil ring is provided with holes for draining shot rings oil.

The Piston has different diameters along the length to reduce the likelihood of sticking during operation. The upper, more thermally loaded part of the piston has a smaller diameter than the piston skirt. This solution allows to equalize the thermal expansion of parts in the process.


Article in other languages:

AR: https://tostpost.com/ar/cars/6860-d-21.html

BE: https://tostpost.com/be/a-tamab-l/12269-ruhav-k-d-21-kanstrukty-nyya-asabl-vasc.html

DE: https://tostpost.com/de/autos/12271-motor-d-21-konstruktionsmerkmale.html

ES: https://tostpost.com/es/coches/12278-el-motor-d-21-caracter-sticas-constructivas.html

HI: https://tostpost.com/hi/cars/6867-21.html

JA: https://tostpost.com/ja/cars/6865-d21.html

KK: https://tostpost.com/kk/avtomobil-der/12272-oz-alt-ysh-d-21-konstruktivt-k-erekshel-kter.html

PL: https://tostpost.com/pl/samochody/12262-silnik-d-21-cechy-konstrukcyjne.html

PT: https://tostpost.com/pt/carros/12258-motor-d-21-caracter-sticas-do-projeto.html

TR: https://tostpost.com/tr/arabalar/12274-motor-d-21-yap-sal-zellikleri.html

UK: https://tostpost.com/uk/avtomob-l/12270-dvigun-d-21-konstruktivn-osoblivost.html

ZH: https://tostpost.com/zh/cars/7454-d21.html






Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

Comments (0)

This article has no comment, be the first!

Add comment

Related News

Increased fuel consumption - causes and how to deal with it

Increased fuel consumption - causes and how to deal with it

Increased fuel consumption – this is a frequent problem for motorists. Since the beginning of production, the owners had noticed that over time, to overcome the same way a car needs more and more fuel, which, naturally, are ...

Tyre repair harness: reliability, tool disadvantages

Tyre repair harness: reliability, tool disadvantages

Modern factories engaged in the production of tyre, have long since abandoned the production chamber tires. Tubeless has its advantages and disadvantages, but the positive aspects still more.Most importantly – within them no...

"Chery Tigo" - about the new redesigned models with the prefix FL

In the past the famous Chinese car “Chery Tigo” has had a little facelift – to change the appearance and interior of the car. In General, for six and a half years of his life, “Chinese” had noticeably...

Subaru Forester 2013: the next generation of the compact crossover

Subaru Forester 2013: the next generation of the compact crossover

for the First time, Subaru Forester 2013 was presented at the motor show in Tokyo in November 2012. Produced since 1997, the car for 16 years pretty much changed. The changes were made as the exterior design and internal component...

Repair of threads of heating of back glass with their hands: step by step instructions, and device reviews

Repair of threads of heating of back glass with their hands: step by step instructions, and device reviews

Current car is supplied from the positive terminal of the battery through the ignition switch and through the fuse. Then the voltage goes to the defogger switch and relay contact. Battery negative connects to the back of the car. ...

Hyundai ix35. Reviews

Hyundai ix35. Reviews

About Hyundai ix35 reviews, from both professionals and motorists has been very positive. The car combines elegance and grace, agility and swiftness. The Korean model is more than just a transport but also a kind of luxury item, a...