The catalyst car - what is it? Automotive catalyst: working principle, price, reviews

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2019-04-23 06:20:34

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To reduce harmful toxic emissions by burning fuel in the exhaust system of motor transport provides for the installation of a device such as an automotive catalyst. What is it? If we talk in chemical terms, a catalyst is a substance that accelerates chemical reactions but at the same time it does not react. The main catalysts are the metals: Nickel, rhodium, copper, chromium, palladium and gold. The basis of the principle of operation of automobile catalytic device is the ability of catalytic materials to accelerate the chemical reactions.

Set automotive catalyst on the exhaust pipe right after the exhaust manifold, at least on the manifold. This is due to the working temperature parameters of the device, which works much better at three hundred degrees. catalyst car what is itThe Disadvantage of the location is the short life of the catalyst, due to the high temperature.

Harmful substances

In the process of fuel combustion in the cylinders of the engine in the exhaust gas are formed harmful and toxic substances. However, they adversely affect the human body and nature as a whole. The main harmful components include: hydrocarbons (the main component of the exhaust), nitrogen oxide (an optional component of exhaust gases), carbon monoxide (poisonous gases, odour and color).

Catalyst car - what is it?

As a rule, modern the catalyst is a three - component device type. automotive synthesizer catalystAnd so it is equipped with converters in the amount of three pieces, each of which reduces the emissions of a certain substance. Part of a car is a metal flask, made of stainless steel, which is placed inside a number of hundred or ceramic beads.

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The Honeycomb catalyst made of metal or ceramic material and have a catalytic coating substance. Mainly used for the deposition of rhodium, platinum and palladium. At the moment, were more likely to apply for the deposition of gold because it is cheaper than other materials for such parts as automotive catalyst. What is the design of ceramic? She has more common due to its cheapness, but it has one drawback-fragility. Enough minor impact to cell damage. Overcoming great irregularities of the roadway or obstacles such as the kerb, may damage the item. Thus drivers often do not notice the fact of damage to the catalyst.

Working Principle

The Converter uses two types – substances reducing and oxidizing properties (both are installed on the automotive catalyst). Precious metals, deposited on a honeycomb, have a restorative property. These are rhodium and platinum, which reduce emissions of nitrogen oxide. This process occurs as follows: at the time of collision of the molecules of dioxide or nitrogen oxide molecules of platinum separates nitrogen atom and the release of oxygen. Further, the nitrogen atom collides with another atom of nitrogen creates a nitrogen gas condition.

Oxidative stress is due to the use of palladium. catalyst car priceIn turn, this reduces the amount of catalyst is not gogolevskogo fuel and carbon monoxide in the exhaust gases by the method of incineration. In addition, this catalyst promotes the formation of carbon dioxide after the reaction between nitric oxide and oxygen that didn't burn. Simply put, as a result of these reactions, the harmful substances are burned and converted into water, carbon dioxide and nitrogen.

Main causes of breakage of the catalyst

Depending on the design and materials used, the catalysts have their own characteristic lesions and contribute to the failure reason.

Ceramic type:

  • Damage from shock loads.
  • Impact of water that enters the hot device.
  • The Damage from the explosion in the catalyst. As a rule, is due to a faulty ignition system – later ignition.

Additional types of devices:

  • Low quality Fuel.
  • Excessive wear of piston rings.
  • The Possibility of getting in the exhaust system of various chemical liquids.
  • Low-quality mixing of fuel with air.
  • Overheating of the catalyst.

Signs of a malfunctioning device

The fact that the car is faulty automotive catalyst synth, motorists agree to one, and usually very similar. First, it is the other sounds in the body, which suggests that cell parts have mechanical damage. The following is a significant drop in performance engine car and its unstable work at idle. There's also the possibility of strong overheating of the device due to clogged SOT and bad bandwidth exhaust.

What to do if it broke down

Often defective replaced with a new catalyst. To repair device is not possible, and if we try to restore it, it will be quite difficult and costly. However, hisperformance will drop significantly. automotive catalyst compositionTo a new automotive catalyst price depends on the brand and model of machine. If we consider a standard budget auto catalysts, they can achieve prices of up to 15 thousand rubles including installation.

Basically, the warranty on this product is small. According to dealers, there are many factors that affect the duration of operation of the device and cannot be controlled. Automotive catalyst, the composition of materials which has high cost, is a complex structure in terms of manufacturing and can not be low cost. Therefore, there are several options for the replacement of damaged catalyst, which can offer you a HUNDRED:

  • Mount universal device. It is a flask of a catalyst without internal filling honeycombs.
  • Installation in the exhaust system flame arrester. The catalyst must be fully removed from the system. In this case, the exhaust gases are not cleaned, and the flame smoothes the flow of exhaust gases and reduces the formation of extraneous noise.

Automotive synthesizer catalyst for “ask”

This device is a conventional fuel filter collapsible type, comprising two interchangeable parts, cartridges. automotive catalyst precious metalsSets the synthesizer catalyst in a fuel system of the engine of a car. To establish a catalytic process cartridge is mounted at number one, that works within twenty minutes. Then in its place is mounted the second cartridge, which carries out the process of the catalyst for ten thousand kilometers of the car. The process then alternately install the cartridges again. As a rule, the working life of the device is about thirty changes of cartridges or two hundred thousand mileage.

Automotive synthesizer catalyst has many positive effects on the engine operation:

  • Makes the engine start Easier and warm up in the cold season.
  • Reduces the possibility of clogging the fuel injectors.
  • Helps to save fuel.
  • Reduced smoke and emissions of harmful substances.
  • Increases the life of the engine as a whole.
  • Improves the process of ignition in the cylinders.

The Acquisition of such a device will help to save costs during operation of the vehicle, what you say positive feedback from the drivers. Automotive synthesizer catalyst has a cost in the region of three and a half thousand rubles, but it all depends on the quality and manufacturer of the product.

Disposal and recycling of catalysts

Due to the fact that the design of the device provides for the use of expensive metals, and the item itself has a significant cost. Now there are many formal companies that are engaged in reprocessing devices. Recycle automotive catalyst – what is it? automotive catalyst synth ASCAt the heart of this phenomenon is the process of obtaining the precious metals in the cells. There are several ways of processing, but they are all quite complex and time consuming, so extract the same platinum at home impossible. automotive synthesizer catalyst reviewsThe Best option is to sell the device processors. Recycling of automotive catalysts in the enterprises is carried out in accordance with all regulations and requirements of environmental standards with the use of special manufacturing technologies.

Conclusion

Based on the foregoing, it is safe to note that such a device, as a catalyst, has a special significance, both for the full operation of the car, and for the environment. It is therefore necessary to monitor its condition and to carry out timely replacement in case of breakage of this part.


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BE: https://tostpost.com/be/a-tamab-l/32247-a-tamab-l-ny-katal-zatar---shto-geta-takoe-a-tamab-l-ny-katal-zatar-pr.html

DE: https://tostpost.com/de/autos/31930-katalysator-kfz---was-ist-das-fahrzeugkatalysator-funktionsweise-preis.html

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PT: https://tostpost.com/pt/carros/33388-o-catalisador-automotivo---o-que-carro-catalisador-princ-pio-de-funcio.html

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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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