One of the most popular devices for automatic connection and disconnection wagons train composition is the coupler model SA-3. It is a device that ensures the coupling and uncoupling of cars and locomotives. Due to its device coupler SA-3 is holding the cars at the desired interval, unites and separates them, but also enables them to contact without damaging the wagon frame and to the coupler mechanism.
Modern accessories necessary for autoescape and clutch cars include SA-3, despite the fact that it was developed in 1932. The device is quite popular now. The secret of success is a good design, simple and effective, as well as reliability and ease of use and maintenance.
In the current Park transport, railway wagons are used a wide variety of designs and purposes. There are freight and passenger. Also distinguish and the conditions for their application. A number of cars and locomotives operate in fairly harsh conditions: high intensity of use, excessively high or low temperature, transport of people and goods for short distances.
With a small mileage increases power devices when performing loading and unloading manipulation, and, as a consequence, it becomes relevant the question of the use of the device, allowing to automatically carry out the coupling and decoupling of elements of the train. These devices and include this device, as the purpose, characteristics and design of automatic coupler SA-3 is suitable for this purpose.
Shock-traction device - coupler SA-3 enables:
In addition, the mechanism of automatic coupler SA-3 allows you to re-concatenate uncoupled randomly coupler without dilution of the carriages of a train. The implementation of shunting, i.e. when they are carrying out the blow of the automatic linking does not lead to their unification. Until the adhesion of the CA-3 accept the following relative position:
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In this case, the vertical axial displacement can be tolerated on a freight train. The displacement of the axis is up to 100 millimetres, as well as in high-speed passenger trains to 50 millimeters. The maximum value of the horizontal axial displacement does not exceed 175 mm. Under these displacements of the axes of operation of the coupler SA-3 is high-quality and safe automatic coupling cars in their operation.
The Device coupler SA-3 can be divided into several components that ensure smooth functioning.
Efficient operation of the automatic coupler SA-3 is achieved through the interaction of all parts of the mechanism and cast the hollow space in the housing. In its main part are the details of the mechanism (they are placed in the cavity, which is called a pocket):
In Addition to the head portion of the housing is equipped with an elongated tail. He also has a hole for the blade, which connects the traction yoke and the coupler SA-3. In United state the mechanisms that are located on adjacent wagons are in contact with each other via protruding from the pharynx (the section between the large and small teeth), the holders of the castle and castles.
In this regard, it can be concluded that the state of the device coupler SA-3 depends on stable and uninterrupted operation of the entire fixture as a whole.
The Coupler has the following parameters:
Dimensions automatic coupling makes it quite a versatile device which is equally well suited for both freight and passenger trains.
Two-thousand years of the twenty-first century in Russia has used a modernized automatic coupler SA-3. The structure and operation of the automatic coupler SA-3 remained unchanged, but the design was improved. The device has got two brackets that prevent the fall of partsthe broken hitch on the rails. The fall of the same parts causes damage to the arrow or to the collapse of the whole.
Thus, together with the upgrading of the level of safety of the new device. But that's not all that brought innovations. Distance mileage new maintenance-free model fit 1 000 000 kilometers. Old coupler SA-3 on the purpose and characteristics can boast of only 200 000 kilometres. Given that the safety and savings on repairs of the device has increased, the old model very quickly began to withdraw from service. However, the purpose and the device coupler SA-3 in its original version firmly entrenched in the history of Soviet and Russian Railways.
The Coupler SA-3, with a certain number of problems were not able to fully perform its functions:
The Purpose of straps is to maintain the traction of the clamp bracket and holder drive to uncouple, sockets for impact and thrust plate or thrust themselves. Rascani the bent lever is also a major fault of the automatic coupler SA-3.
The Above are major faults. With the presence of these faults, the coupler is unusable because its stable operation will be under big question. To eliminate the number of fault parts are sent for repair. Those parts where worn surfaces are not repairable and are replaced by new.
There can be backlash and deviations from the norm. Their appearance threatened a strong enough grip and, as a consequence, recepcii during the movement of the train. In the event of backlash and deviations above normal automatic coupler is subjected to immediate repair. As failure to comply with regulations threatens the lives of train passengers.
The Seventies of the twentieth century was marked by the fact that they began to develop a new standard coupler designed for rail traffic in the European Union. One of the developments - CAKv has become quite widely used not only in Europe but in the Russian trains.
Based CAKv on the basis of the SA-3 and is fully compatible with the Soviet development. However, there are differences in the German version on the big tooth has an additional ledge, which falls into a special groove. Due to this coupling of non-rigid becomes hard.
Rigid hitch can be used in order to connect the electrical connectors and brake lines. CAKv used to connect wagons, large freight trains. This is because the helical gear, used on SA-3 was not capable of withstanding a load of cargo.
Despite its “respectable” the age, design and operation of coupler SA-3 many satisfied, it is still popular in many countries around the world. For example, it is used in some Arab countries such as Iran and Iraq. Also the coupler SA-3 can be found on the Railways of Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Belarus, Latvia, Lithuania, Georgia, Estonia, Ukraine, Tajikistan, Moldova, Azerbaijan, Finland, Sweden and Russia.
The Russian version is equipped with an additional bracket that prevents disengagement of the parts of the coupler on the railroad tracks. Through the use of protective equipment number of accidents and train disasters, the cause of which was tamashas detail of the coupling of trapped under the wheels of the train decreased significantly.
The Abbreviation SA-3 is translated as Soviet automatic coupler, 3rd option. It is worth noting that after its creation, in 1935, started a translation of the entire railway transport of the USSR on the device a new sample. The full transition was completed in 1957.
It is Worth noting that at the time used a transitional device in the form of a two-link chain. The fixture was a metal bracket, which was welded two pieces of chain. The area was mounted into the mouth of the SA-3, but the circuit pounced on the hook welded to the screw coupling. Thanks to this element has been able to combine the cars with the old hitch and is equipped with a coupler SA-3.
The establishment of the SA-3 is much easier life stepwise. The appointment and the device coupler SA-3 has reduced his duties to the Association sleeve that provides braking and electrical cables.
The Coupler SA-3 is quite a popular design, which for all time of its existence has established itself as aa reliable and durable item that allows you to automatically connect and disconnect the cars.
The Purpose of the automatic coupler SA-3 is the connection and disconnection of the elements of the rolling stock, but its characteristics allow stepwise only to ensure that the process of coupling and uncoupling was the way it should. For all time of existence of the coupling had accumulated a number of interesting facts about this element:
To summarize, it should be noted that the coupler SA-3 is quite reliable and durable fixture, allowing the user to autoescape and hitch wagons. The condition of the fixtures increased requirements: should not be worn out parts, broken components and cracks in the hull and the parts of the mechanism. In the event of malfunctions of the SA-3 is sent for repairs. If the fixture is worn, change it with new one.
The Coupler SA-3 was developed in 1932 based on the American automatic coupling of Willison. While the Soviet designers independently developed the design of the coupling circuit, the coupling of SA-3 was called “Russian coupler”.
The Transition to the automatic coupler began in 1935. At the time used a transitional device, allowing you to connect the coaches with a coupling of new and old model. Finally, the transition ended in 1957. At the beginning of the two thousandth SA-3 was slightly modified. The design of the hitch has a special bracket that allows you to protect the railway from falling on him parts tomasica from hitch. Protection of the fabric, in turn, prevents the failure of the arrows, and also reduces the likelihood of an emergency situation, leading to a full-fledged train wreck. Upgraded coupling used in trains carrying oil and passenger trains.
Automatic coupler SA-3 is fairly well known in Europe. Largely thanks to its reliability and durability. However, as we have noted, on the basis of Soviet automatic coupling was created many examples of international adaptations of this plan.
Thus, the conclusion that the SA-3, created in 1932, more than can function about ten or twenty years, and possibly much more. Because the reliability of a design is measured not only by its characteristics but also impeccable reputation and years of continual automatic linkage and racepak trains.
But despite the high popularity to replace SA-3 came SA-4 – it has a more modern and robust design. Besides, compared with the third CA-4 has an increased service life maintenance-free mileage (200 thousand kilometers, the third to 1 000 000kilometers CA-4).
The fourth is much easier and more efficient than its predecessor. Despite the emergence of more sophisticated coupling of SA-3 is still quite common, largely due to high cost, compared to CA-4. SA-3 remains one of the most popular automatic couplers.
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HI: https://tostpost.com/hi/cars/18194-sa-3.html
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PL: https://tostpost.com/pl/samochody/33466-avtoscepka-sa-3-urz-dzenie-przeznaczenie-rozmiary.html
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UK: https://tostpost.com/uk/avtomob-l/32619-avtozcheplennya-sa-3-budovu-priznachennya-rozm-ri.html
Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."
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