How to define later or pre-ignition? Adjusting ignition timing

The ignition System consists of a source of electric energy, coil, breaker or control unit, spark plug and power cables. The purpose of this set of devices – at the right time with a spark to produce ignition of the mixture of air and fuel supplied to cylinders of the internal combustion engine.

Types of starting systems

The Complex mechanisms of ignition is divided into types according to structural features and principle of operation. So the ignition happens:

contact;

contactless

- email.

The Essence of

When turning the key the starter turns the crankshaft of the motor, energy from the first battery, after it comes from the alternator to the coil with the breaker and below the power cables go directly to the spark plug, producing the spark. Correct the car's ignition depends on the adjustments of the distributor. The task of the coil consists in accumulation and transformation of DC low voltage (12 V) to a higher value (about 30 000). The distributor, receiving the converted energy, making distribution to candles, the last of the sparks ignite the mixture in the cylinders at a certain point motion of the pistons. According to this scheme contact operates the ignition.

Non-contact trigger

This type has a better set of devices:

- coil with switch;

- the distribution device current with pulse sensor;

- a set of knock sensors and pressure.

The Last allow you to track the operation of the engine and to take measures for the production of favorable modes of operation.

Electronic starting system

Electronic ignition differs from the others by an electronic control unit, having the purpose to carry out control of ignition, fuel injection and adjust the lead angle. There is accumulated and divided electric current. Electronic ignition makes it impossible for spontaneous changes of parameters and makes the engine work stable. Also increased efficiency and reduced fuel consumption. Starting in the winter will not be difficult, it will not take long to start the engine. Also development of optimal timing angles produced automatically. No need to worry about the need of carrying out adjustments.

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Early ignition

Both of these are undesirable and will adversely affect the working process of the power plant. Early ignition of the fuel mixture occurs when the piston has not yet reached the recommended position. Located far from the upper dead point. Thus the incipient combustion and the energy released is prevent the passage of the piston for performing a normal stroke. Creates additional load on the parts of the crank-connecting rod group. Bearings tolerate overloading and much faster be faulty. To know how to define later or pre-ignition, you need to familiarize yourself with these signs start:

- you will hear the characteristic ringing metal sound, showing the development elements CSV;

- engine operation is unstable and intermittent;

- when you press the accelerator the engine starts to choke and stall.

Later ignition of the mixture

In the context of this launch, spark will be generated later than required by the guidelines for the normal functioning of the motor. In this embodiment, the working piston can be at TDC, and then the ignition occurs fuel. It was not time to burn completely and devote all my energy as the piston will make a stroke. In this case, the unburned mixture through the exhaust valves let out the exhaust pipe. To have an idea how to check the ignition, is required to observe the manifestation of the following factors:

the engine power is significantly reduced;

- will significantly increase the consumption of fuel;

- possible overheating of the power plant and the glowing exhaust manifolds;

- education nagornyh formations on the inner surface of the cylinder and the elements of the connecting rod-piston group.

The Question of how to define later or pre-ignition, now will not put you in a deadlock, but need to know the basic structure and action of the motor to identify the issues at the hearing.

Launch complex diesel

In the diesel power plants, no candles, TableRow and coils, which has a contact ignition. Ignition occurs due to the compression stroke. During this process the fuel is injected into the cylinder in a state of hygroscopic particles. Compression due to heating of the combustion and working cycle. For the delivery of diesel fuel into the cylinders meet the injector and fuel high-pressure pump. Inside the nozzles installed pump elements, designed for spraying. Pre-ignition on the engine is determined on similar grounds with petrol engines. For a nominal functioning will need to adjust the injection pump to the actuation of the plungers was within the recommended limits. To know the pressure of the pump to one of the fuel pipelines it is necessary to connect a pressure gauge. Quality spraying depends on the condition of plunger pairs of the nozzle. If the constituent elements of the nozzle are in poor condition, it will definitely affect the efficiency of the power plant. To adjust the nominal value of the injection, instead of piping to the pump connect the transparent plastic tube. When you scroll the crankshaft according to the labels will be visible, in which position of the piston the fuel is supplied.

How to install ignition

Setup must be carried out at the idle motor. Is required to prepare a set of necessary keys (13 and 38). Then you remove the plugs and inspected their condition. Normal electrodes have red color. If the color is dark, you need to change the air filter and clean the elements, generating a spark. You need to install the piston of the first cylinder at TDC by turning the crankshaft. You will need to combine the mark on the block and the flywheel. There are symbols TDC and BDC. On the block there are three labels denoting the ignition advance 10, 5 and 0 degrees. For normal operation, the lead angle must answer 5 degrees. After performing these manipulations to carry out the installation of candles, cleaning keys and other devices unrelated to the operation of the power plant. You need to consider that the cylinders of engine operate on the same, and have a clearly defined pair work procedure. If the first piston shown up on the compression stroke, then his partner is the third or fourth cylinder is in the same condition.

How to adjust the time of operation of the spark

This will require insights from light and wrench to loosen the distributor. One conclusion must be connected to the low voltage wire of the coil, and the second – to ground. The bulb will function as a voltmeter. Turning the key in the lock you need to switch on the ignition. The body of the distributor will need to turn clockwise, until the lamp turns off. Appeared a spark would mean the ignition timing. Then you need to rotate the body in the opposite direction until the lamp again will light. Now you should make a mounting operation, and the configuration is completed. Now to figure out how to define later or pre-ignition, no problem.

Is it Possible to install the electronic control unit

There is a possibility of installation of the device on cars with contact type ignition. Such improvements will need to spend, but the resulting effect will allow you to recoup all of the costs. Unit installation will allow you to:

- to reduce the noise;

- boost the resource efficiency of the motor;

- to use gasoline with different octane without any damage to the power plant;

is to enhance traction performance;

- to increase efficiency;

- to reduce fuel consumption;

to meet the requirements of environmental (reduced emissions);

- to monitor the parameters of operation of the engine.

When using this unit do not need to think about how to define later or pre-ignition, everything will be done automatically.

Configuring a non-contact type trigger

The Identification of problems occurs in a vehicle with a warm engine. When the car will accelerate, sharply you need to give gas, then you will hear the knock of piston fingers, continuing for the duration of the set speed. If it goes longer, you will need the distributor housing to rotate from left to right one degree at a time. In the absence of the sound of the detonation case, you will need to turn in the opposite direction by the same amount. The duration of the detonation must be within two seconds. The accuracy of the settings may depend on the health and normal operation of the fuel system and air filter changed every 10 thousand kilometers.

So we figured out how to define later or pre-ignition.