We are surrounded by objects of usual sizes; we know what size our body; we are sure that one chair is comfortable for only one person. Macroquantum in the world, in the world of microscopic things, all seem to be less prosaic: chair, reduced to a few hundred billion times and took the size of an atom, lose their clear boundaries, as any reduced item. And all items can fit in one space, while not interfere with each other. Why? In the quantum world objects — the waves are penetrating each other, so one chair can sit five people, ten, and twenty. Such waves are called coherent waves.
Coherence means the correlation, consistency (cohaerens — the binding is in contact). Coherent waves have same frequency, same amplitude, same phase difference. These signs correspond to the waves monochromatic, unlimited in time or space.
To the coherence of the waves, to feel experimentally, things (objects) not only to reduce but also very cold, i.e. to understate the chaotic motion of atoms. And it is not just about the "minus" and billionths of a degree Kelvin. Wave properties of the same chair must be visible at unimaginable low temperature: - 45 K.
An Interesting feature of the waves — the ability to develop coherent, i.e., orderly and coordinated way. For example, the coherent wave in time — music. Yes, the music! Every sound sounding tunes, its duration, its frequency, its height — strict order and compliance. The weakening of coherence is perceived as a phony sounding, and the loss of coherence — like the noise. It is the coherence distinguishes music from rambling and sometimes annoying sounds.
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And objects of the quantum world coherence gives a new quality, so valuable for obtaining brand new material, and sometimes radically change existing technologies.
Not coincidentally, more than 40% of the Nobel prizes over the past two decades are associated with coherent phenomena: cold atoms, liquid helium, superconductors.
Methods of obtaining coherent waves:
UHF-millimeter ranges of the electromagnetic fluctuations are used mainly in communications and electronics. But over the last 15-20 years, their use has increased in non-traditional areas, mainly in biology and medicine. And shorter wavelength bands were used even earlier, since the source of coherent oscillations.
You've heard about physical therapy? Of course — Yes. It — the first use of coherent waves in medicine. Heating of tissues allowed (allows now) speed up reactions (both chemical and biochemical), and determined the physical therapy effect. Waves are able to penetrate deep into the body, directly to those tissues to which they are assigned.
And how valuable the opening of hyperthermia! Back in the sixties of the last century have established that coherent waves are able to destroy malignant tumors.
No surprise today and laser surgery, which uses all of the same coherent wave, but only in very narrow beams that can destroy both soft tissue and bone. Here applicable to various lasers with different frequencies, depending on the nature of operations and fabrics. Virtually "bloodless" operations, after which the patient recovers much faster.
Analysis of the emerging areas of application of coherence of the waves makes us think that medicine and biology pretty soon will be the main areas of their application.
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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."
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