Than traditional poetry attracted Russian writers, composers?

What is a traditional poetry? What is the history of folklore, especially of this genre? Let's try together to find answers to these questions.

Introduction

Russian traditional poetry, his appearance owes folk art. Folklore is the oral folk art. It reflects the collective creative activity of the people that characterizes his ideals, beliefs, lifestyle.

Types

Ritual folk poetry was created over many centuries. Epic, jokes, and various tales, folk songs, legends, everything is handed down from generation to generation. In such oral activities contained historical information about the traditions and life of the people.

Traditional poetry were shifted to the music, so there were plays instrumental music. Of them could understand what the life of the common people, to get to know his Hobbies, type of activity.

Ritual folk poetry attracted many Russian writers its melody, slowness. The elements of folklore used in theater for performances of satirical plays, dramas, puppet shows.

History of occurrence of the term

Russian folk ritual poetry is considered the cultural heritage of any nation. The term “folklore” came into scientific usage thanks to the British scientist William Tomamu in 1846. He suggested a set of structures that integrated speech, word and deed, regardless of what items they are interrelated. Gradually instead of the term “folklore” began to use the expression “oral literature”.

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Interesting facts

The traditional poetry attracted Russian writers? Epics, sayings, songs, Proverbs, plots, tales, all reflect the way people think about their historical roots and peculiarities of the surrounding world.

Russian traditional poetry is reflected in many works of art. For example, in the epics of Vasily Luslawice and Sadko uses a variety of epics glorifying Novgorod, trading activity at the time, referred to the movement of caravans in overseas countries.

The Russian people have been created by ritual poetry, which was not only epic, but also a cunning riddles, Proverbs, magic, heroic, household tales. Literature is a true treasure and the mind of the Russian people.

The Value of this kind of folklore

It is traditional poetry helped to strengthen the moral character of the people, was his historical memory. In such works it was possible to learn about the life of the Russian people, its customs, ceremonies. Each of them wore a certain sense, carried out within a specific time frame, and by a special algorithm.

Ceremonies were imbued with respect for the ancestors, honoring its historical roots, the desire to preserve and pass on traditions from generation to generation.

Value three

The Calendar-ritual poetry of assumed given times of the year. For each important festival, which has been associated with the traditions of the Church, used a special temple singing. In addition, there were “prosumer” genre, for example, in Russia were clowns, storytellers.

The period of the Russian Orthodox hymnography of folklore was already a long history that has evolved from the system of genres and different means of musical expression.

Conclusions

The traditional poetry attracted composers? Heroic epic is reflected in instrumental music. For all time of its existence, folk music is firmly entrenched in people's lives was a reflection of the personal, social, family life.

The Researchers are convinced that in that period, yet did not exist in Kievan Rus, Eastern Slavs was highly-developed domestic and the calendar ritual folklore, instrumental music, and developed the heroic epic.

Epics, Proverbs, songs, folk riddles came up to the present time, therefore, quite difficult to allocate the basis of the folklore pieces from later works of the Russian people.

Ritual folklore

Scientists are engaged in national creativity, isolated in one group of so-called ritual folklore, which is associated with the pagan ancient times, the agricultural calendar. For example, they counted the dances and songs that were performed on Shrove Tuesday, Christmas carols, the day of Ivan Kupala.

In addition, the ritual folklore was considered fortune-telling and wedding songs.

Ceremonies

In order to fully recognize the wealth of Russian ancient ritual poetry, it is necessary to elaborate the question.

What is the significance of the ritual poetry? The song is considered one of the most ancient manifestations of folk art.

The Contents of these songs were closely connected with religious canons, developed over many centuries. The rite, which originated in pagan times, was aimed at deificationnatural disaster. The most ancient historians consider calendar songs. Their content was closely linked with the concept of the agricultural calendar, the cycle of nature.

Such songs contained information about the different stages of life and activities of farmers engaged in agriculture. They were joined in the summer, spring, winter rituals corresponding to the turning points in the change of seasons. When the rite people sincerely believed that those spells which they are pronounced, will be heard by the mighty forces of Water, Sun, mother earth, bring great harvest, will provide the people a comfortable life.

That songs was considered a necessary component for the ritual. It is believed that once the right and proper will all the ritual actions depends directly on the achievement of the goal.

Ritual songs accompanied the plowing and the harvest, and wedding celebrations, Christmas parties, christenings.

Calendar songs is quite short volume, they are not difficult to poetic structure.

They included the jubilation and anxiety, hope and uncertainty. One of the distinguishing features of this type of creativity researchers believe the personification of the main image, which is associated with the essence of the ongoing ceremony.

For Example, in the old Christmas songs is the Christmas Carol, moving through yards in search of a host that can bestow various Goodies and benefits.

The calendar is found In songs of Shrovetide, Trinity, Spring. Songs contain a call to goodness, they accuse people of levity and deception. The form of such songs can be called short poems capable of a few small lyrical poems to identify the situation, to convey the mood.

Types of calendar-ritual songs

The Caroling began on Christmas eve, December 24. That was the name of the house-to-house singing special carols, in which the owner of the house wanted a good harvest, wealth and happiness. Christmas carols were sung by the children, carrying on the pole star. It symbolized the star of Bethlehem appeared in the sky during the birth of Christ. The hosts tried to bestow kolyadovschikov money, delicious cookies and candy. If the owners of the house were in no hurry to bestow children, they sang a special ditty with funny threats:

He didn't, the owner of cake —
We are your cow will get the horns.
don't give us the gut —
We are your pet pig over his head.
do Not give babies blink —
Get the host a kick.

Special attention in the national creativity devoted to the beginning of the year. Russian people truly believed that how to celebrate the New year, depends how it will be conducted. People tried to set the table so that it contains a variety of delicious and exquisite dishes. In the New year everyone had fun and wished each other happiness and health.

As the background for such requests used short carols song.

For Example, in the poem "Svetlana" of V. A. Zhukovsky uses one of the songs dedicated to the blacksmith:

…Smith,
Skull me Zlat and a new crown
Skull Golden ring.

Based On the folk songs of the peasants, which he heard from his nanny of A. S. Pushkin wrote not a single poem.

Conclusion

Pancake day special songs ridiculed, abused, called back, called her various female names: Isocline, Avtotochka, Akulina Savvichna.

Dahl mentioned in his writings that for carnival every day of the week had a certain value:

• Monday was associated with the meeting;
• Tuesday contacted zaigryshi;
• The medium is considered a gourmand;
• Thursday associated with hospitality;
• Friday was considered a mother-in-law ocherkami;
• Saturday staged zolovkina gatherings;
• Sunday was dedicated wires of carnival.

Trinity loop was also filled with a variety of calendar-ritual songs, so attracted many Russian poets and writers. For Example, A. N. Ostrovsky used a folk song about cloud.

Left aside and composers, they gladly used in his work fragments of ritual songs.

Spring rites were performed during lent, so there was no playing of a festive nature. As the main spring of the genre used – stoneflies. These songs are not sung, clicked, climbing on roofs, hills. With their help, the people tried to encourage spring and goodbye to winter.

Part of stoneflies are associated with the well-known childhood poems about the ‘Fly-boldly buzzing” and “cockroach".

After the adoption of Christianity, pagan beliefs gradually lost their meaning. Lost was the sense of those magical acts that gave rise to a certain kind of folk music.

But, despite this, stable is the form of the celebration of the ancient feasts. Ritual folklore undergoing significant changes and upgrades continued to operate.

The Christian Church has expressed extremely negative attitude to traditional dances and songs. Members of the clergy considered sinful folk art associated with the devil. This assessment was discovered by researchers in many Chronicles and canonical Church order. For example, there is information about the fact that the Kievan Metropolitan John II wrote in the ninth century to Jacob the Monk (writer) about what the Holy fathers commanded him to observe piety, and in the casemusic and dancing to get up from the table and walk away.

At that time, there is a different area of folklore, which was born in the depth of “fancy” culture of Ancient Russia.

She was “cracked mirror” the reality, “stupid” the wrong life, in which everything occurred on the contrary. Reality and fantasy, good and evil, the top and bottom were reversed.

In Soviet times, vintage folk art has been given little attention, forbade the celebrations. It is in this historical period, many old Russian rites and traditions have been irretrievably lost. In recent years the situation has changed for the better. Many writers and poets turned their attention to tales, traditions, old rituals, and use them in their creative activities.