Phrasal verbs in English: types

Phrasal verbs in English have no equivalents in the Russian language. They are a combination of the verb and the so-called Polakova, which can be used separately, but together are indivisible meaning. For example, dress up – to "dress up", bring up - "nurture, nurture", look down on – "to see anybody from the top down", put up with – "to reconcile, to endure." As you can see, the value may be more or less transparent, obvious, and completely unexpected.

Phrasal verbs in the English language is very actively used in the spoken language, replacing the more restrictive analogues that are more common in the literature (for example, to put up with is endure). But do not think that phrasal verbs is a sign of only a conversational style. They can be found in legal documents or business records of, and everywhere they have their own specifics. The same composition of a phrasal verb may have a literary, figurative and idiomatic meaning.

Phrasal verbs in English: types

Since these verbs represent one of the most lively of the English, they are very difficult to classify. How to remember phrasal verbs in English, a list of which is in one of the directories includes more than five hundred, but really more of them?

In many cases the meaning of phrasal verb can guess if you know the meaning of its parts. For example, put off – "to postpone something to a later date". Put - "put", " off " - adverb indicating deletion, removing something. Now let's see how it can be translated phrasal verb put off: "put off (light), shake, repel (disgust), to interfere, to distract, to reject (doubt), to slip, to take off". In all these translations it is possible to detect the indication of the meaning of a main verb and adverbs. With experience you will come to the ability to guess the meaning of phrasal verb from the context, but, alas, this is not always possible. For example, not so easy to guess what look up to is "to treat someone with respect."

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So first the translation of phrasal verbs in English you just need to remember and this will help their structuring. What are the types of phrasal verbs?

1. Intransitive phrasal verbs

These verbs are used independently, that is without additions. Example: hurry up! - "hurry up!" the vine is off - "soured wine" (to be off - "to deteriorate"), the device has broken down – "device broken" (to broke down – "fail").

2. Separable transitive phrasal verbs

This is a flexible verb that is most unusual for Russian students. Such a particle phrasal verb is separated from the main part and is located in the end of the sentence after add-ons, although some verbs demonstrate mobility: Boleslav can be separated by a complement of the verb or not. Example: she is looking trough the folders –, "she navigates the series of folders". In the following example, the complement comes after the particle, thus, phrasal Gaga is severable: she is looking through the folders - "she was going through the folders".

3. Indivisible transitive phrasal verbs

Complement in sentences with these verbs are only after particles. Thus, the verb retains its coherent structure, remains indivisible. For example, I turned out the light. Note that there are phrasal verbs, which, as mentioned above, can have different meanings, and one of them can be transitive and the other intransitive, which means that they can be divisible and indivisible. For example, look up. The value “look up, reference” it will be a transition (look the term up in a dictionary – "look this term up in the dictionary"), and the value of “better” the verb is intransitive (things are starting to look up - "it gets better").

4. Multirate verbs

These verbs are relatively few. They consist of three parts. For example: get down to - "to begin (to work, conversation, discussion, cause)".

5. Prepositional verbs

They're just disguised as phrasal verbs, because they require after themselves the use of certain prepositions, but have a literal translation. For example: begin with – "start with", believe in – "to believe in" forgive for – "to forgive", talk about – "talk about". These verbs cannot be separated by addition. The object to which the action always comes after the preposition. Example: believe in love – "believe in love", talk about money – "talk about money".

It Should be understood that this classification is rather simplified, the experts distinguish a lot more groups of phrasal verbs. For example, there are five bits of phrasal verbs on the specifics of the values introduced by poluslova.

How to teach phrasal verbs in English?

Unfortunately, to rely on his shrewdness here it is possible not always. You need to practice as much as possible. The experts can not come to a consensus, how many times to repeat the unfamiliar word, seven or twelve, to firmly remember it, but agree that without the constant repetition of success in the study of foreign languages is impossible. In this case there's no point to get collections of phrasal verbs, which are in abundance can be found in stores. Mechanically memorizing phrasal verb and its translation will be useless. These verbs are one of the most lively sections of the English language, it is very important repeat them in context. Choose from a huge list of phrasal verbs those which you really need and consistent with the goals of your training. The scheme of studying this topic is best to build in the following way: the initial parsing of the meaning of words that become Posleslovie, and their influence on the General meaning of the verb (it is often possible to grasp the laws), the selection of the most commonly used phrasal verbs, and then actually remembering. For example, the day you can take one phrasal verb and mentally to lose with it different situations, in two or three days to test yourself or to arrange minicamera.