The symptoms of a concussion in adults. First aid for concussion

The Modern pace of life helpful for any person presents a lot of opportunities to get injured. Slowly work in the morning and home in the evening, a resident of the metropolis sometimes doesn't pay attention to their surroundings. Negligence in the production of not less traumatic. And how many situations arise in everyday life! The sport also brings a man, do not estimate your abilities, a nasty surprise. But criminal cases do not even want to touch.

In all the circumstances result, as a rule, one – traumatic brain injury. In this case, the main thing - to know how to recognize the symptoms of concussion in adults and to provide promptly the necessary assistance. It is very important that the provided measures do not harm the patient.

What happens in the brain?

In the human body the body is placed in a liquid. It protects the brain from hitting the skull bone. But unfortunately, when strong shocks or injuries of such a protection mechanism is not enough. The result is injury. In this case, all the symptoms of a concussion in adults is available.

Phenomenon disrupts the body. Thus to irreversible processes does not. Rarely during a concussion, brain damage happens the bones of the skull, soft tissues, blood vessels or shell.

The Characteristics of each stage occurring in the brain, and today, modern physicians are not identified. However, most doctors argue that the phenomenon leads to disruption of the normal functioning of nerve cells. After the concussion worsening their food, it moves the layers of tissues, one loses the connection between the centres. As a result of tiny hemorrhages, microsemi, swelling. Unfortunately even MRI such changes are not showing.

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Types of injuries

Any damage to the head initially divided into open and closed. The first type of injury affects the soft tissue and bone of the skull. Closed injuries less dangerous. But require no less attention. In turn, they are divided into light and heavy concussion, compression, contusion.

Serious injury is quite dangerous. After a severe concussion is diagnosed when significant damage to the individual sections or the rupture of blood vessels. This condition often leads to loss of consciousness. The time during which the patient was in the above condition determines the severity. Coma – the most serious stage. The patient regained consciousness and quite often does not remember of others and does not understand what happened to him.

Severity

In medicine, there is a classification of this phenomenon, suggested by doctors all the way from Colorado and adopted at the international level. According to her, there are three degrees of concussion. Each of them characterizes directly lose important body.

So, the adopted gradation:

• 1st grade. This step is a slight concussion of the brain. The symptoms that characterize the condition of the patient, – loss of coordination, confusion. Loss last is quite peculiar to the first degree. Amnesia is also observed in patients.
• Stage 2. This form refers to a medium-heavy injury. With this degree of observed confusion, usually without loss. However, the main symptom becomes a manifestation of amnesia.
• 3 degree. The most severe category of injury. A vivid sign of this stage is loss of consciousness.

The time interval in the classification is indicated in vague terms. "short period" unconsciousness may vary from a few seconds to tens of minutes, according to local physicians. This symptom is seen in conjunction with other features that characterize a concussion. The severity is determined only by the total picture of the patient's condition. Ignored all the signs.

General symptoms

It is Very important to correctly and timely detect signs of a concussion in adults. After all, people, injured, in need of medical assistance.

It Should be understood that the following concussion symptoms in adults can occur immediately and not all. And some signs (it depends on the severity of the injury) did not arise.

The most obvious symptoms include:

• Headache. This characteristic is quite obvious, because the victim was injured.
• Hyperactive behavior, or severe drowsiness.
• Nausea, vomiting.
• Failures in coordination. Symptom directly evidence of brain damage. As a rule, is connected to the phenomenon and dizziness.
• Ringing in the ears. The symptom caused by impaired blood supply to the brain.
• Double vision.
• Loss of consciousness. This is the main symptom that characterizes a concussion. As previously stipulated, the time interval may vary.
• The size of the pupils. You should check it out. Sometimes when you shake pupils can purchase a variety of the form.
• Seizures. Sign, directly indicating the presence of a concussion.
• Irritation to loud noises and bright light. Regaining consciousness, the patient may experience serious discomfort from the strong aforementionedsources.
• Confusion. During the conversation, you can face the fact that the patient doesn't even remember what happened to him.
• “Oiled” speech.

Quite a long time, the patient has a headache. It can be accompanied by various autonomic dysfunctions. It may be lack of appetite, racing pulse, pressure or weakness. Characteristic of patients with mood instability. It varies from complete apathy to a strong constant irritation.

The question Often arises-what is the temperature in a concussion? Because it is not mentioned in the list of the main symptoms. And this is no accident. Because, as a rule, the temperature of head trauma remains in the normal range. So often it is absolutely not the focus, if we mean a concussion.

The Symptoms and treatment in duration of approximately two weeks. After this period, the patient feels considerable relief. Although we cannot exclude a longer time interval.

Prohibited measures in the provision of assistance

According to medical statistics, a concussion – a fairly common injury. Therefore, almost everyone can encounter this phenomenon. And how well he will provide assistance to the victim with a concussion, further depends on the forecast. It is important to realize that it affects the health of the patient.

Therefore it is necessary to highlight the measures that are intolerable in the concussion. They not only will not help the person, and worsen the casualty's condition.

1. Received a head injury are strictly prohibited to move sharply.
2. To the doctor should not transport the victim.
3. In No case do not need to water or feed the patient.
4. It is Strictly prohibited to use medicines.
5. The Victim should be examined by a doctor-neurologist. Only it is based on the clinic can make a diagnosis.

First aid

The Main symptoms of the injury are: pain in different areas and of varying severity, loss of consciousness. On the basis of these clinical manifestations, the doctor will be able to conclude - the victim of severe or mild concussion. The symptoms are sometimes a patient may be hiding. In this case, only the diagnostics will show the true picture.

1. First aid for concussion requires complete rest to the patient. The victim should be laid. You need to undo buttons and buckles on clothing. This ensures normal airway. The victim's head should be turned sideways. Sometimes it is necessary to extend the language. Any medications to give to the victim should not be.
2. If the patient complains of dizziness, noise in ears, it is necessary to put. If you suspect a neck injury, you need the means at hand to secure the immobility of the latter. As bus, you can use the clothes tightly twisting it in the roller. It is located under the neck and head.
3. Be Sure to call «ambulance». The victim cannot be transported independently. Patient delivery specialists less dangerous. However, if you call team of aid is not possible, the transport should be carried out with extreme caution. The patient should be exclusively in the supine position. Best suited for this purpose, the back seat of the car.
4. The loss of consciousness is possible for the victim to bring the nose of ammonia. It is absolutely unacceptable to shake a patient, to sweep over the face.
5. People may complain about the increase in symptoms-increased headache, the occurrence of nausea, vomiting. At the same time indicates a progressive worsening of the condition. First aid for concussion in this case is the rapid delivery of the injured to a medical facility. The symptoms can indicate an intracranial hemorrhage. Unfortunately, in this case conservative treatment is powerless. This will only neurosurgical operation.

Diagnostic Methods

Usually this issue at the neuropathologist is not difficult. Diagnosis is enough examination of the patient and anamnesis. However, to pass the examination is still recommended. This eliminates the traumatic brain injury of severe nature.

The Survey includes the following key actions:

• X-rays. Allows to detect cracks or fractures. The survey will also conclude on possible displacements or fractures of the vertebrae of the neck.
• Electroencephalography. The study of the cerebral cortex, giving an idea even about minor violations or failures.

If the patient is a severe form of concussion, the doctor will refer to a more detailed examination.

Treatment Methods

About the independent the fight against disease of the question. Call «ambulance» is required. It should be understood that only a doctor can make a diagnosis, carefully examine the characteristic for such thing as a concussion, symptoms. And treatment will depend on the clinical picture.

As a rule, the actions of physicians include such measures,as:

• Hospitalization of the injured (any severity) with the appointment solely in bed.
• Connect drugs aimed at restoring normal functioning. The funds also help to relieve pain, relieve insomnia, vertigo. Usually, prescribed medicines have a sedative effect.
• Along with the main therapy is prescribed symptomatic treatment. It increases the metabolism. Thereby contributes to restoration of blood vessels and cells.
• It is Quite important to adhere to doctor's recommendations on diet.

Possible consequences

The Victim, who suffered a concussion, the risk of various complications. This can be a post-traumatic neurosis or more serious illness. For example – epilepsy.

That is why it is very important not to self-medicate, and to address to the neuropathologist for competent help. Advisable is to pass all the tests. This will allow the doctor to prescribe effective treatment.

Preventive measures

Unfortunately, 100% no one is immune from injuries. But if you touch the main causes, which most often occurs traumatic brain injury, we can distinguish a few simple rules.

These include:

• Head protection helmet, if required classes (hockey, skating or Biking, Boxing);
• The use of seat belts in the car;
• Maintaining a safe environment in your own home (to eliminate the bumps on the furniture, wipe up spills on the floor liquid, maximum ‘relieve" the passages between the rooms).

Conclusion

Knowledge – it is a great strength. This information will make it easy to identify the symptoms of concussion in adults. And, equally important, not to get lost, not to induce panic, but to act correctly and professionally. Thus, you ease the victim's condition.