Fetopathy diabetic. Diabetes in pregnancy

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2018-03-24 21:45:17

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Neither woman could not be sure that her pregnancy will proceed without complications, especially if she has any diseases. On the status of the fetus may be affected by various factors that can harm it. It is therefore vital to monitor their health and to try to protect themselves from the influence of adverse conditions. Especially these moments relate to those women with various disorders in the body.

Women with a diagnosis of “diabetes” and wants to have a baby, you should know that in this case, on their shoulders rests a great responsibility, since this disease can lead to various complications in the baby. One of them is fetopathy of the fetus.

Diseases

Diabetic fetopathy is a serious disease of fruit that occurs due to the presence of prediabetes or diabetes in a pregnant woman, when the level of glucose exceeds normal levels. For this pathology is characterized by the changing condition of the fetus and a violation of the functioning of his pancreas, kidneys, macro - and microvascular system.

If the history of a pregnant woman there is such a diagnosis as “fetopathy fruit”, often the doctor decides to carry out operational delivery.

The Favourable course of pregnancy in women with diabetes is dependent on numerous factors. These include: type of disease, available complications, taking drugs to treat disease. There is no fear of any harmful effects if throughout pregnancy, the blood glucose levels did not rise above the critical value.

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fetopathy diabetic

If you do not compensate for this disease, diabetes during pregnancy adversely affects fetal development and the period of gestation. Doctors usually in advance rodorazresheniye woman to save the life of her child. When this disease changes the ultrastructure of the placental barrier, with the result that it ceases to function properly and deliver the fruit all you need. Doctors often diagnosed with “hyperplasia of capillaries”. The child in utero is gaining a lot of weight, but it is poorly developed.

Characteristics

Diabetes in pregnancy leads to the fact that a newborn is born with the following symptoms:

  • Large body mass (usually more than 4 kg)
  • Petechial subcutaneous hemorrhages in the skin;
  • Swelling of the soft tissues and skin;
  • Big belly due to a strongly developed subcutaneous fat;
  • Short legs;
  • Reddish-blue skin color;
  • An excessive amount of cheese-like lubricant of the skin;
  • Broad shoulders.

Symptoms

diabetes during pregnancy

Fetopathy newborns manifested in the following ways:

  • Breathing disorder that is due to the lack of synthesis of specific substances in the lungs (surfactant) that helps them to deal at the first breath;
  • Probable shortness of breath and even respiratory arrest immediately after birth;
  • Jaundice, which is considered a sign of pathological changes in the liver that require necessary treatment;
  • Neurological disorders: decreased muscle tone, depression of the sucking reflex, the alternation of reducing activity and hyperexcitability.

Causes

Fetopathy diabetic fetus develops due to the unfavorable course of pregnancy, during which there is uncompensated diabetes mellitus 1 and 2 types. In addition, the cause is the disease of the mother with gestational diabetes.

fetopathy fetus

Excess glucose in the blood of the mother leads to the fact that the pancreas of the fetus begins to produce too much insulin. Proceeding through the mother's blood to the baby, glucose in large numbers began to be spent. However, for the full development of the fetus requires a certain amount of it, so the excess is converted into fat and this leads to a large weight of a child.

If you do not normalize glycemia, it can result in substantial build-up of fatty tissue of the fetus and will not allow to develop normally the entire internal system of organs and tissues of the baby.

Diagnostics

To detect abnormalities in the fetus, the doctor prescribes the following procedures:

  • Ultrasound;
  • The study of biophysical fetus condition;
  • Doppler;
  • KTG;
  • Assessment of biochemical markers of fetoplacental system.

Ultrasound

The Basic method of determining any abnormalities in the foetus is ultrasound examination. Recommended ultrasound next time if diagnosed with diabetes during pregnancy:

  • In the first trimester – once.
  • Second trimester-also, once between 24 and 26 weeks. This is necessary in order to identify the different malformations of the Central nervous, osteoarticular, genitourinary and cardiovascular systems, and digestive organs.
  • In the third trimester, ultrasound may be conducted two or three times. For insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus this study is carried out at 30-32 week, after which do it once a week.

diabetes during pregnancy

The Signs of diabetic fetopathyby ultrasound in the fetus:

  • Too much weight for a specific period of time;
  • The imbalance of the body;
  • Double contour of the head;
  • Increased the number of waters;
  • Double contour of the fruit due to the large amount of fat or swelling of soft tissues;
  • In the bones of the skull noted econectiva area, which indicates swelling.

The Study of biophysical fetus condition

This examination can detect a violation in morphological and functional development of the brain, which is considered the most severe manifestation of embryopathy. To find out, the doctor and a half hours detects breathing, heart rate and motor activity of the fetus.

If there is a suspected fetopathy, in this case, the baby sleep is short, and most of the time he does. Short duration of sleep is not more than 50 minutes, during which a marked slowing in heart rate and decrease heart rate.

Holding of Doppler imaging

With the help of such studies follow the following indicators:

  • The rate of reduction of the fibers of the myocardium;
  • The value of cardiac output;
  • Time of the expulsion of the left ventricle of the heart;
  • Systolo-diastolic ratio of blood flow in the arteries.

Doppler Velocimetry performed at week 30 to assess the status of the Central nervous system.

Holding of cardiotocography with the assessment of functional tests

This procedure allows to estimate the heart rate at rest, during movement, when the uterine contractions. Doctors carried out tests and during that time take some samples.

Evaluation of biochemical markers of fetoplacental system

To diagnose placental insufficiency, are the blood and urine. In this disease in the third trimester fetopathy diabetic there is a significant increase in the APF.

Treatment during pregnancy

Throughout pregnancy, a woman should conduct self-monitoring of blood pressure and glycemia. If required, then additionally prescribe insulin therapy. As a preventive measure sugar need daily to explore every 3-4 hours. The level of glycemia is corrected by glucose or insulin.

early neonatal

Fetopathy diabetic involves taking vitamins, following a special diet and other doctor's recommendations. Food should be rich in easily digestible carbohydrates, and fat should be cut.

Treatment during labor

First, with the help of ultrasound determine the optimum delivery date. If pregnancy is uncomplicated, it is best to rodorazresheniye woman at 37 weeks. If there is a threat to the life of the mother and the baby, then do it in 36 weeks. Medical abortion in the earlier stages is usually carried out only if there is an imminent threat to the life of the mother, and for the salvation of the child of speech does not go.

During the birth, doctors must monitor the blood glucose. At strong fall of level of sugar in the blood the woman will not have sufficient strength during labor, as a lot of glucose is spent on the contraction of the uterus. In the process of birth or immediately after them, there is a risk that the patient will fall into a hypoglycemic coma.

Diabetes during pregnancy provides for a short delivery. If they last more than 10 hours, in this case, conduct a caesarean section, which is assigned to antibiotic treatment.

Treatment after delivery

To prevent the development of hypoglycemia and future complications shortly after the birth of the child impose 5% glucose solution. Every 2 hours should give the newborn breast milk, as this nutrient can control this condition.

fetopathy newborns

The Early neonatal period is to be under the control of doctors, who are required to monitor the child's breath. In its absence, connect the ventilator. In the presence of neurological disorders help solutions of calcium and magnesium. If your child has signs of liver disease when the whites of the eyes and skin of the baby becoming jaundiced, the doctor prescribes sessions of ultraviolet radiation in a strictly defined dose.

Postpartum women 2-3 times reduce insulin, because the glucose level in blood sharply decreases. At discharge, the rate of glucose restored to normal values.

Complications

diabetic fetopathy neonatal consequences

Diabetic fetopathy newborns effects can be the following:

  • Neonatal hypoxia;
  • Sharp decline in the level of glucose in the blood to a critical level;
  • Acute heart failure;
  • Neonatal diabetes;
  • Deficiency of magnesium and calcium, which negatively affects the functioning of the Central nervous system;
  • Obesity.

Conclusion

Fetopathy diabetic that develops in the fetus when available to his mother's diabetes, a very unpleasant and dangerous disease. Woman have during pregnancy to comply with all recommendations of the doctor and to keep under control the level of glucose in the blood. Only in this case the consequences for the child will not be too disastrous.


Article in other languages:

AR: https://tostpost.com/ar/health/7217-fetopathy.html

BE: https://tostpost.com/be/zdaro-e/12904-dyyabetychnaya-fetopatiya-cukrovy-dyyabet-pry-cyazharnasc.html

DE: https://tostpost.com/de/gesundheit/12905-fetopatiya-diabetische-diabetes-mellitus-in-der-schwangerschaft.html

ES: https://tostpost.com/es/la-salud/12912-fetopatiya-de-la-diabetes-la-diabetes-mellitus-durante-el-embarazo.html

HI: https://tostpost.com/hi/health/7219-fetopathy.html

JA: https://tostpost.com/ja/health/7218-fetopathy.html

KK: https://tostpost.com/kk/densauly/12907-diabett-k-fetopatiya-ant-diabet-zh-kt-l-k-kez-nde.html

PL: https://tostpost.com/pl/zdrowie/12903-fetopatiya-cukrzycowej-cukrzyca-w-ci-y.html

PT: https://tostpost.com/pt/sa-de/12897-fetopatiya-diab-tico-diabetes-mellitus-na-gravidez.html

TR: https://tostpost.com/tr/sa-l-k/12908-fetopatiya-diyabetik-diyabet-hamilelik.html

UK: https://tostpost.com/uk/zdorov-ya/12904-fetopatiya-d-abetichna-cukroviy-d-abet-pri-vag-tnost.html

ZH: https://tostpost.com/zh/health/7850-fetopathy.html






Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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