Ptosis upper eyelid – what is it?

Ptosis (from the Greek "ptosis") translated as “fall”. It is a disease in which the upper eyelid is lower than the lower edge of the iris, 2 mm or more, or omitted when comparing two centuries, that is, one below the other. When healthy the form of the edge of the eyelid should cover the iris 1.5 mm.

What caused the ptosis of the upper eyelid:

- underdeveloped muscle responsible for opening the upper eyelid;

- the effects of nerve diseases, encephalitis and other diseases. Can cause paralysis of the nerve and the innervation of the extraocular muscles.

Ptosis of the upper eyelid is observed not only in adults but also in children. The disease can be either acquired or congenital. At any age can appear this disease is due to eye injury or any eye diseases.

Types of ptosis:

- unilateral or bilateral;

- acquired or congenital;

- incomplete or complete.

The Extent of the disease:

1 – the eyelid covers one-third of the pupil;

2 – the eyelid covers two thirds of the pupil;

3rd – the eyelid covers the pupil of the eye completely.

The Vision in the eye affected by ptosis, will gradually decrease, and may even reach full loss. Exist, strabismus and amblyopia. To compensate for the loss in this disease, the children are straining their forehead or throw back the head.

If the ptosis is acquired, the patient is the muscle that lifts the eyelid, more supple and elastic. This type of disease is usually bilateral. If the disease is congenital, it is most likely to be unilateral.

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The different patients and the degree of ptosis will be different. In addition to the lowered eyes, you can still be irritation of the eyes, inability to fully open and close, fatigue of eyes, constantly tilted head, a squint (or strabismus), seeing double.

How to diagnose ptosis of the upper eyelid

If you want the treatment is successful, it is better to understand the cause of the disease. The doctor will examine the muscle strength, the height of the century, the symmetry of the location of the eyes, the fullness of the movement. In the diagnosis of children is necessary to identify Ambapali.

It is Important to determine what is the patient's ptosis. The treatment of acquired or congenital diseases is different from each other. If the ptosis is congenital, that is a consequence of degeneration of specific muscles responsible for opening the upper eyelid, and it is not the cause of the aponeurosis. The muscle elongates, and its seal.

Ptosis of the upper eyelid: treatment

Therapy of this disease involves surgery. If the ptosis is congenital, the shortening of the muscles responsible for raising the century, and if acquired, then shorten the stretched aponeurosis muscle.

Correction of the upper eyelid through surgery is performed under local anesthesia or General anesthesia. The duration is from half an hour to an hour.

During the operation is cut to a thin strip of the skin, orbital septum incision is made. Then cut the aponeurosis of the muscles responsible for the movement of the upper eyelid. Thus, it becomes short. Then it should be filed tarzankoj the plate a little lower. Tarsala is the cartilage of the century.

By the end of operations in acquired ptosis it all sutured cosmetic seam. In addition to operations can directly be performed blepharoplasty.

If the ptosis is congenital, it is also a small strip of skin is removed and the septum is cut. Muscle that moves the upper eyelid, carefully allocated, and to shorten superimposed stitches, that is her plication. The wound is closed with cosmetic sutures. If the ptosis is very pronounced, sometimes resort to sewing century to the muscle of the forehead.

Postoperative period

After surgery treatment is usually occurs successfully, and the result is fixed for life. The dressing placed after surgery, within 3 hours is removed. Pain is almost none. A few days later to remove the stitches. For a week the bruises disappear.