The bandaging technique overlay. A soft bandage bandage

Everyone should know, how the bandaging. Technique blend of some of the dressings simple and do not require special skills. Other right to impose can only be a specialist. Nevertheless, the General rules of this procedure is available to each of us. Pay attention to them.

General rules of bandaging

The Roll with a bandage to keep in the right hand. The end of the bandage held in the left hand. You need to make sure that the coil could roll out on the surface.

Applying the bandage, we need to use two hands. With one hand roll is rolled, without lifting from the surface of the body and the other to correct the bandage.

In the process of bandaging, the types of which depend on the specific situation, you need to stand face to the victim. This will allow you to control its state.

The Bandage from the top down, from the place in which the diameter of the body surface less.

The First winding is necessarily fixed, making a slight bend bandage in the place where he began. On top of this place make another coil-retaining. Each subsequent winding of the bandage doing half of the previous one.

When the bandaging is finished, the end of the bandage need to be cut a little lengthwise, forming two parts. Then cut the bandage gently tear, creating two pieces of insignificant length. Of them tied the knot.

Netago Bandage is applied, which allows not to disturb the circulation. Poorly apply them too, as they can easily slip from the wound.

General classification of medical dressings

Many people think that by dressing can stop bleeding or prevent the penetration of wound infection. In fact, the main purpose of a bandage – fixing material for dressings. Determining what type of wound, in what part of the body it is located, use these or other rules and methods of bandaging. For these purposes, the classification of the considered devices. So, headbands are distinguished:

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• The purpose (functions that perform dressings);
• Type (mechanical properties);
• Appearance of the material used;
• The method of fixation of dressings.

Initially is to familiarize yourself with the proposed classification, and then thoroughly study the rules of bandaging. The types of dressings are different. If the overlay one is able to cope even a schoolboy, for application others will require professional skills of a qualified professional. We should not forget that the methods of bandaging depends on the specific injury to a particular area of the human body.

Classification by purpose

Depending on what is the function of the medical bandage, there are the following types:

• Protective (aseptic) – for the prevention of re-infection of the wound;
• Drug & ndash; to ensure continuous access to medication to the wound;
• Hemostasis (compression) – stops bleeding;
• Immobilizer – to immobilize parts of the body (limbs);
• Traction – ensures the discharge of the bone fragments;
• Corrective – eliminates deformation;
• Occlusion – seals the wound.

To quickly help someone in an emergency situation, you need to know how the bandaging. Application technique of this device will be discussed below.

Classification by type (mechanical properties)

Modern medical bandage are:

• Soft & ndash; are used widely for treating a variety of wounds;
• Hard – are used in case when for the treatment of injury or illness, you need to create the effect of immobility;
• Elastic – an indispensable tool in the fight against the expansion of saphenous veins, as well as in venous stasis;
• Radioactive – this is a special gauze on which the present active plaque natural radioactive isoto­stand.

The Most common soft and hard headbands.

Classification by kind of material used

Depending on what material is made of medical bandages, they are divided into:

• Gauze (there are vintovye and Bezmenova);
• Textile (used clothes, scarf);
• Cotton-gauze (cotton bandage is made from a piece of gauze and a small amount of wool);
• Gypsum;
• Devices from the treatment or transportation of tires.

The medicine is often used and headbands for special purposes. A vivid example is the zinc-gelatin bandage unna, which used to treat clean ulcers. It is distinguished by its properties (compression and antibacterial), is able to reduce venous stasis, improves venous blood current, has osmotic and hygroscopic effect on the wound.

Classification method of fixation of dressings

Given how the medical bandage can be fastened on the problematic area are the following types of these devices:

1. Bezmenova:

• Glue – used for small injuries applied on the area of the wounds received, are recorded on a dressing material by means of a special adhesive substance (collodion, kleol, plastikatnyh materials, glue BF-6);
• Leykoplastyrb – used when you need to bandage small wounds or acute suppurative education;
• Gusset –use if necessary of first aid, does not exclude the application in critical situations, often one do with the purpose of creating a temporary immobilization, superimposed over protective masks;
• Sling & ndash; are a strip of cloth, dissected longitudinally at the ends, the center of which is not dissected material (can be used a wide ACE bandage) applied to the exposed areas of the body (head, chin, neck, nose), where a conventional retentive bandage will not stick and will slide bytovye bandage;
• T – find application in the process of wound dressing or sections in the crotch area, where there is an inflammatory process;
• Tubular elastic bandage-used when it is necessary to fix the wound in any part of the body dressing.

2. Bytovye – a soft bandage bandage. Find application in Orthopaedics, when the damaged bone and soft tissue, burns, frostbite, trauma.

Soft bytovye armband

The Main requirements for soft bentovim armbands:

• Closing portion of the patient body;
• Convenience;
• It must not disturb the circulation;
• Accuracy;
• It must not disrupt lymph flow.

Currently, the doctors there are following types of soft bytovyh patches:

• Circular (circular) & ndash; they start and finish the bandage, convenient for minor wounds located on phalanges, in the frontal region, in the lower third of the leg, on the wrists, in the middle of the shoulder;
• Spiral – this type is the bandage on his hand, stomach, chest;
• Creeping (snake) – used when there is the need reliable fastening cotton-gauze pads, and when gypsuming;
• Cross (vosmibratov) – used for applying to the chest, back, neck;
• Turtle (converging, diverging) – bandages for joints (knee, elbow), which is a variant of the cross (vosmibratov) dressings;
• Spike – applied to the joint of the shoulder in the detection of pathology;
• The returning – used in bandaging the head, in the terminal phalanges of the fingers.
• Bandage Dezo – find use when light fractures of the clavicle and humerus, are used to vpravki vyvinute shoulder, without these bandages do not do when you need to stabilize the hand and bones after the surgery;
• Support (for breast cancer) – impose, if the area of the breast were exposed to burns, injuries, inflammation and surgical intervention.

Soft bytovye bandage individual body parts

The head bandage following types:

• Returning (hat of Hippocrates, it was applied by means of two double-headed bandage or bandage);
• Sling (if there are minor damage to the chin, forehead, nose, parietal, temporal and occipital regions);
• Bridle (supports the lower jaw);
• “cap” (the most comfortable head headband).

The Bandage on the neck can be of the following types:

• Glue (helps to firmly secure dressings);
• Cross (for localization of lesions formed in the upper part of the body);
• Circular (for bandaging the bottom of the jaw – this patch goes in the back in a cross type).

The Bandage on the neck to ensure the integrity of the bandaged part of the body. It should firmly hold the dressing. This patch should not slide along the neck, squeeze it.

Chest bandage following types:

• Spiral (used when the chest is wounded, has a broken rib, and inflammation);
• Cross (for overlaying on the chest front and back);
• Support (on one or both mammary glands);
• Spike (superimposed on the pelvis when damaged, the lower abdomen or in the sacrum formed bedsores, damaged groin, or perineum);
• T-shaped (applies to strapping in the crotch).

For the upper extremities provides the following types of patches:

• Returning (used when damaged distal or middle phalanx of a finger);
• Spike (for bandaging of the thumb, the shoulder joint area);
• “glove” (the bandage on his hand, when applying the principle of binding one finger);
• “mitten”;
• Spiral (used in the forearm);
• Turtle (for bandaging of the elbow joints);
• Bandage Desault (used when there is a fracture of the clavicle).

For the lower limbs provides the following types of patches:

• Returning (for bandaging toe);
• Spiral (for overlaying on the first toe);
• Spike (allows you bandage the foot, the fingers remain open);
• Turtle (used in the heel and knee joint);
• Spiral (used in the lower leg area, maybe with a bend at the hip).

When there is the need to provide first aid using triangular bandage. They are easy to overlay and do not requirespecial skills. Scrap materials are shawls, patchwork fabrics, bed sheets.

Self adhesive bandage

When there is a need to impose a pressure bandage or other device used for sprains and in the process of treatment of swelling or stretching, comes to the aid of the bandage is self adhesive. Can apply it in order to fix not only the dressings, but also any medical devices. This bandage is the perfect solution when you need a few hours to provide a reliable compression without displacement.

Self adhesive bandage used in phlebology, Orthopaedics, traumatology.

Of Course, the bandage is self adhesive – is simply the expenditure of medical material. However, it is very useful for people who play sports. Due to the fixation of such a bandage of individual sites on the body becomes possible to protect the athlete from sprains and dislocations.

Saline dressings

Despite the fact that these bandages receive in your email enthusiastic and positive reviews, not all diagnoses could be used.

Today, these bandages can be effectively cured somatic diseases, burns low-grade, chronic appendicitis, bleeding in bruises, festered wounds. When decided to apply saline dressings, you need to know:

• Salt solution, the concentration of which more than 10%, unacceptable for bandaging;
• For the dressing used should be air permeable materials;
• Such dressings are contraindicated for people with disease of the cardiovascular system;
• Salt bandages cannot be applied to people who have kidney problems.

To appoint yourself the use of such dressings is not necessary. This procedure should only assign a doctor.

How to apply various bandages?

Now let's look at this process as the imposition of bandages. Application technique of these devices of various types and species are similar in many ways. But there are also such variants that are radically different from all the others.

Notice the main options of the applying bytovyh bandages.

The Rules applying circular bandages:

• The first round is wound at an angle of 30° to that area of the body to which the bandage is put;
• You need to make sure that the end of the material used in the bandaging, took approximately 5-10 cm over the area of the body, which is applied to the bandage;
• When the first round is wound, the remaining end of the bandage is bent, then it is fixed through subsequent rounds of material used when bandaging;
• To avoid displacement of the dressing, each new tour is imposed more tight than the previous one;
• Each new round of bandage should close the previous one.

The Rules applying the spiral bandage

• Overlay begins with a circular bandage (a bit to the side from the injury);
• If superimposed spiral bandage without excesses (shoulder, hip, chest), use elastic bandage;
• If superimposed spiral bandage with inflections (forearm, tibia), then do them exclusively, trying to make putting a band-aid aloof from the damaged area;
• If the application of spiral­tion of bandage, which has no excesses, it is not possible to achieve full compliance with the plane of the bandage with the surface of the body, you need to make a few bends with a further transition to a spiral bandage with no kinks.

Rules for the imposition of creeping bandage

• The application starts with the circus­finally, bandage, then each subsequent round is moved abruptly in the proximal direction;
• You need to leave free spaces equal to the width of the bandage between each round.

The Rules for the imposition of cruciform bandage

• Begin bandaging with a circular bandage;
• Each new round of cross-referencing and alternate with a circular form of a bandage, wherein the bandage is and a new round is moved in the proximal direction from the first circular bandage.

The application Technique spicate bandage

• Start the overlay with a circular bandage in the region of the girdle (this will fix the first rounds of bandage);
• Next bandage, moving from the affected limb in the shoulder joint region from him – to the girdle, then on the surface of the breast in the axillary region on the opposite side and return to the sore shoulder and shoulder girdle;
• Each subsequent round, passing through the chest and shoulder, carried out with a displacement of up to ½ tires.

Rules for the imposition of a returning bandage

• Start with the overlay to the limb of a circular bandage;
• On the anterior surface of the stump do break;
• Through the end part of the vertical cores are round bandage to the rear surface thereof;
• Each tour, which is refundable, is fixed by a circular turn;
• Each new round of vertical shift toward the outer and then the inner edge of the injured extremity;
• All tours are additionally recorded through the spiral bandage.

Casts: types and application technique

If someone previously had the opportunity to carry out the bandaging, the application technique of these devices will not be a novelty. But, most likely, had to deal with soft bytovymi armbands. The fact thatwith them the strength to cope even a schoolboy. But there is a more serious form of bandages, the imposition of which should be trusted only to professionals.

Before you learn the basic rules of application of the plaster bandages, it is advisable to get acquainted with existing types of fixtures.

Plaster bandages include:

• Circular primary split (after it cured, it was immediately dissected longitudinally);
• Window (in a circular bandage make a hole in the area that is susceptible to treatment);
• Bridges (impose is framed in the case when the damaged area need more extensive access);
• Swivel-plaster (made of two circular joints, in the joint bonded joints movable type);
• Step (used when it is necessary to cure persistent arthrogenic contractures).

The Basic rules of application of the plaster bandages

• Be sure to check all of the tools and materials that you may need;
• Check the quality of bandages for application of the plaster bandage;
• High-quality fixing damaged limbs can only be the case that the immobilized at least two joints adjacent to the injury;
• In the process of fixing limbs give her an advantageous position (in terms of functionality);
• Blend the dressing should be comfortable and not interfere with visits to the toilet;
• To monitor the status of the blood supply, terminal phalanges of the hands and feet are left open;
• When the bandage is applied from the body and remove all traces of plaster, to monitor the condition of the skin;
• Between the bandage and the skin (or at least their parts) is placed soft padding, which protects soft tissues from injury;
• Patch in the field edges should not be sharp;
• Longuet plaster should be smooth, without irregularities (folds are removed prior to overlay);
• Wrapping a plaster bandage is carried out without tension, avoiding the formation of kinks and folds, the tours overlap (the principle of dressing spiral type);
• When you dressing the limb, hold no fingers, and all brush, allowing you to avoid traces of indentation;
• Shape plaster bandage change before the plaster cured.

All of the plaster bandage imposed mandatory are marked. Indicative scheme of bone damage, the day of the accident, the day on which plaster was applied, and the day when it is supposed to remove the bandage.