How to treat bedsores?

Treatment of bedridden patients has always been difficult: it requires careful maintenance and monitoring of the status and health of the patient. It is not only the timely administration of drugs, but also daily hygiene, a balanced diet, adherence to ventilation and gymnastics. A huge problem for heavy patients become bed sores. They are formed due to excessive pressure over bony prominences on the skin. What to treat bed sores to cure them? Let's try to answer this question in the article.

The Concept of pressure ulcers, their types and locations of education

Pressure Ulcers – the process of leaf tissue becoming necrotic tissue that occurs in typical areas of the body. Damage affect the skin, blood vessels, fatty tissue and other structures. Usually the ulcers occur in areas of bone protrusion. This is because in such areas the skin layer is very thin, so any excessive pressure on it pernicious.

Klassificeret bedsores on different grounds. Depending on their origin secrete exogenous, i.e., resulting from external mechanical impact, and endogenous-formed due to neurotrophic changes in the skin. The latter is usually formed in the tissues due to the installation of catheters or drains.

Pressure Ulcers are characteristic not only for bedridden patients - they are formed even if the common external squeezing of the skin that occurs for other reasons. Of course, most lesions are formed in connection with violations of the innervation of the tissues. Depending on what position the patient is most of the time, observed necrotic changes in certain areas:

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• Sitting in a wheelchair, the body weight pressure on the buttocks and heels;
• Lying on its side high blood pressure, suffer from ankle, hip, knees;
• In the supine decubitus can occur in the heel, sacrum, the buttock, shoulder blades, elbows, head;
• If the person lies on the abdomen, suffering the cheeks and the pubis.

Speeds up the process of excess humidity or dryness of the skin. Not to ask the question: “The treating pressure ulcers?”, should be carefully care for the skin of the patient. If you notice dry-apply cream. With excessive humidity struggling with powder. Oily skin should be treated with alcohol-containing solutions. It is important to organize hygienic measures: wiping, bath, frequent changes of underwear, pajamas, bedding.

Risk Factors complications

Anyone undergoing treatment following bed rest or wheelchair use, is at risk. Isolated and other factors that increase the chances of formation of bedsores.

• Age – the older the patient is, the more receptive his skin, and tissue regeneration is much harder and longer;
• Numbness, innervation tissues, neurological disease;
• Muscle atrophy and weight loss – a natural barrier between the bone and the skin is reduced, thereby increasing the pressure on it;
• Not drinking enough water, poor nutrition-the lack of a balanced diet and adequate fluid worsen the skin condition;
• Fecal incontinence or urine – is the cause of the spread of bacteria;
• Excessive moisture or dryness of the skin;
• Diabetes and vascular disease;
• Smoking, alcohol or drugs;
• Disorders of consciousness and uncontrolled muscle spasms.

If the patient is present at least one of these factors should seriously think about the prevention of pressure sores. They appear very quickly, but are treated long and difficult. Finding the first signs of compression of tissue, it is imperative to begin treatment and to strengthen preventive measures. What to treat bed sores? In the initial stages the main thing - to pay attention to timely care. You can use ointments, which promote tissue regeneration. About the beginning of the process, you must inform the doctor. The delay or incorrect treatment can lead to such consequences:

• Sepsis-a life-threatening condition in which infection enters the bloodstream and quickly spreads throughout the body;
• Inflammation of the subcutaneous tissue – it is characterized by severe pain, hyperemia, swelling;
• Infection of the joints and bones, which threatens their destruction;
• Skin cancer arising due to the nonhealing of chronic wounds.

That is why it is important to understand that the sores-serious problem during the process of treatment and care of bedridden and seriously ill. Methods of dealing with them differs depending on the extent of skin lesions.

Bedsores I degree

The Initial stage of development of the disease is considered the most favorable time for treatment. In this period it is possible to fully restore the skin and to avoid the necrotic process. Externally, the sores I pronounced in the form of reddened areas. If a slight pressure on the skin, the area of contact white. At this stage of damage development surface that allows for effective treatment leading to full recovery.

Upon detection of reddened skin areas, it is important to know how to treat the sores and whatpreventive measures to carry out. The first thing to pay attention to hygiene: the skin of the patient should always be dry and clean. For washing better to use a washcloth of cotton material. If you dip them in soapy water, gently wipe the skin of the patient. Use of antibacterial soap is not recommended, it is better to choose a regular or children. Removing the remnants of the soap solution, dry the skin. Don't forget to change bed and underwear. In this case the fabric should not kamchatica, to push. It is necessary to carefully monitor the condition of the skin: dry time to moisturize oily wipe with alcohol-containing substances, too wet to handle powder. You should periodically arrange air baths.

How to treat bed sores in bedridden patient? At the initial stage of the cleansing of the affected skin is performed using saline or camphor alcohol. In moist areas you can apply zinc ointment. They are slightly dry skin and protect it from further damage. The resulting ulcers treated with ointment “Solcoseryl”, “Actovegin”, “Germain”. You can use the powder «Xeroform”. On the affected area is applied with polyurethane film dressing. It is a transparent film with an adhesive surface. It provides protection from bacteria, moisture and oxygen to the tissues. How to treat bed sores in bedridden patients right? Should follow this technique: cleansing, application of basic ointment dressing. Skin condition should be monitored continuously.

In Addition to the main treatment and hygiene of the patient, preventive measures were needed to prevent the development of bedsores. For this position bedridden patients in bed are changed every two hours. Sedentary in the wheelchair is necessary to carry out the procedure every hour. Additionally you can use special anti-bedsore mattresses and pillows, which greatly reduce the pressure of body weight on the skin. Nutrition should be balanced, rich in vitamins and minerals. Will not interfere with the immunotherapy.

Treatment of pressure ulcers I degree traditional medicine

Process the incipient bedsores can not only pharmaceutical ointments and solutions, but also folk remedies. It is important to understand that the progression of the disease is fairly quickly. Therefore, innovative methods must be agreed with the doctor, and the results of treatment are strictly controlled. What to treat bed sores? At the initial stage, well established vegetable oil: sea buckthorn, olive, camphor. They are applied on the itchy areas of the skin several times a day.

Effective prescription ointment Balynina. It is made from natural ingredients and is kept long enough. For cooking you need to purchase the following ingredients:

• Fir trees (sold in the Church shop) or olive oil – 100ml;
• Beeswax or wax candle – 40 g;
• Sugar – one-third teaspoon.

Take enamel container and place it components. Heat in a water bath until complete dissolution, then cool down. Store in a glass jar in the refrigerator for up to a year. During cooking you can add a mixture of chopped dried calendula flowers (tablespoon).

How to treat bed sores at home? You should know that the damaged areas of skin in any case can not be massaged. Contact with the sores should be minimal. First, the skin is treated with saline or camphor alcohol and then carefully applied to the primary means (in the case of use of traditional medicine – oil). From above you can apply a sterile dressing.

Bedsores for stage II development

If the initial symptoms of skin lesions are not seen in time or treatment is ineffective, the disease progresses fairly quickly. Next step is stage II that is characterized by the presence of an open wound. Sometimes the bedsore has the appearance of a broken or, conversely, inflated bladder with clear fluid. At this stage increases the risk of infection, the treatment of complex. It consists of antibiotics and healing drugs. Preventive measures and care instructions must be followed carefully, otherwise the treatment will be delayed for a long time.

How to treat bed sores in bedridden patient in stage II? The most important item becomes the disinfection of open wounds. This can be used solutions:

• Chlorhexidine – provides disinfection, kills bacteria, fungi and some viruses;
• Colloidal silver – eliminates discomfort and pain, enhances the action of antibiotics, disinfects;
• Furatsilina – contributes to the death of pathogenic micro-organisms;
• 3 % hydrogen peroxide – gently cleanses and disinfects the wound surface;
• Physiological – speeds up healing, purifies from the bacteria.

After the application of antiseptic agents leave the skin to get some fresh air and a little dry. For this purpose, the hospital often use quartz lamps.

Further actions depend on the nature of the wound. If no pus, then apply a healing ointment, for example, “Methyluracil” or “Thiotriazolin”. To prevent the development of infection is possible by means of such tools as "Betadine” and “Iruxol”. These drugs break down deadtissue, thereby cleansing the wound and promoting its healing.

The better to handle the pressure sores in bedridden patient at the first sign of infection? It is recommended to use ointments on the basis of antibiotics. For example, ‘the Throat”, “Levsin”, “quick help”, “Iruxol”. With significant development of infection the dressing should exercise the medical staff. Shown wound irrigation with antiseptic solutions, scissors surgical removal of dead tissue. Then applied ointment and a bandage.

Folk recipes for the treatment of pressure ulcers at stage II

Succumb to pressure ulcers stage II treatment using herbal extracts or plant oils? Yes, but the prerequisite is the use of specific ointments and drugs. How to treat bed sores at home in this case? You can alternate the use of pharmaceutical ointments and vegetable oils. The connoisseurs of folk medicine say the high efficiency of such funds:

• Baking soda-a tablespoon diluted in two cups of boiling water and moisten solution linen towel, which is immediately applied to the affected area (blister). The result is that all the pus comes out. Then take a fresh towel and moistened again in the solution. The procedure is continued until, until the cloth upon removal from the bedsore will not be clean.
• Goat fat – mix with onion (finely chopped) and common salt in equal proportion. Apply on affected areas for half an hour. At the beginning of treatment, the wound would hurt, this period you need to endure.

Effective for stage II pressure sores call this recipe: mix Vishnevsky ointment and solution dioksidina 1% in the ratio of 3:1. Connect the substance in a sterile container. Ready mixture is applied on the wound with a bandage and close. Two days to change it. The procedure is recommended for clean wounds, no pus and visible signs of infection.

Rules of dressings and types of dressings

Just to treat the bed sores of the patient are not enough for effective treatment. One of the key events is ligation. This is a mandatory procedure in any degree of tissue injury and during infection without using it at all is necessary. Before putting on a bandage, you should know how to treat the sores at home. The initial step is always cleaning the affected surface of the skin. This can be done with the help of special solutions that are easily purchased at any pharmacy. How to treat bedsores? Should adhere to the following rules:

• Do not touch the wound with your hands, perform procedure using sterile wipes;
• The wound or tissue filled with solution, after which the affected surface gently promatyvaya to complete its purification;
• At the end of the procedure the wound blotting movements wipe dry with a sterile cloth.

It is Important not to overdo it with the use of antiseptics. In addition, they should gently clean and disinfect without causing burns and irritation. It is not recommended to use disinfectant, solution of potassium permanganate or iodine.

How to treat bed sores in bedridden patients after wound cleansing? Of sterile tissue or the wound, apply the cream (healing, antibiotics), then transferred to the ligation. The bandage should be applied not too tight. In addition, it should be airtight and should be sealed and tight. The edges of affected and healthy skin. Procedure is performed daily. On movable parts of the body bandage is additionally fixed with a bandage. In other cases it is attached with adhesive, gluing the edges of the material with healthy skin. There are many modern dressings, which can additionally be coated with active substances.

Treatment of pressure sores stage III

The Third stage of development is characterized by extensive tissue necrosis – down to the fascia. Destroys the epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous fat. The skin peels off. Most often the wound becomes infected, which causes the formation of pus. Necessary is a thorough cleansing of the affected skin. At home to treat deep bedsores need antiseptic solutions, achieving maximum cleansing tissue. When a cluster of necrotic tissue should be surgically removed. To prevent the spread of necrosis is possible only with the timely opening of ulcers and wound cleansing from necrotic tissue that is carried out by necrotomy.

The better to handle the pressure on stage III? Use the same healing creams and antibiotics and if the second extent of the lesion. This is the ‘Iruxol”, “Thiotriazolin”, “Levsin”, “Treatment”, “Algofin”, “Solcoseryl”. To help with cleansing the wounds of necrotic tissue will help the ointment “Trypsin”, “Terrilitin», «Collagenases”, “Disease”.

Good results are special dressings. For example, “Multiform”, “Pam T”, “Dalcex-Trypsin”. Their surfaces are impregnated with enzymes and other active ingredients that promote rapid healing and tissue regeneration. The ligation is carried out daily. Recovery with proper care comes infor 2 weeks.

Treatment of stage IV of development of pressure sores

The Last stage of the formation of bedsores is characterized by deep tissue necrosis. It is wound with the dark bottom of the dead tissue, through which you can see muscles, tendons or bones. The process is fairly rapidly spreading to the healthy skin. The treatment is prescribed by a doctor. Can be recommended a conservative approach, which implies the use of the same tools as in the treatment of pressure sores of III degree. Assigned to ointments for tissue repair, removal of necrotic content and fight infection. Often ligation is performed in the treatment room or the patient hospitalitynet.

The treat bedsores in a hospital? Use antiseptic solutions (often saline or chlorhexidine). Dead tissue is removed using medical instruments, and then carefully washed the wound. The ointment is prescribed depending on the patient's condition. With extensive infection-antibiotics, in other cases-drugs that stimulate the repair of tissues and wound healing. If within two weeks of conservative treatment fails, surgery will be scheduled. This is the most extreme measure, because the high risk of complications and increase the area of the bedsore. To determine the boundaries of necrosis is difficult, therefore, to remove it turns out is only part of the dead tissue. Then begins a course of recovery. Assigned to physiotherapy and medicines. Regrettably, surgical treatment does not always give good results. High risk of disease recurrence.

Preventive measures

A Huge role in the treatment and prevention of pressure ulcers is their prevention. It is much easier to observe a number of requirements to care for patients than to deal with progressive tissue damage. Treat the skin to prevent bedsores should camphor alcohol, saline solution or other mild antiseptic. This is especially true in cases when the patient has incontinence of urine or faeces. You should always keep the skin clean and dry condition. If necessary, moisten the baby cream, or, conversely, to use a powder (zinc ointment). Several times a day to arrange air baths. To change the body position of bedridden patient every two hours. At the first signs of developing pressure sores to begin immediate treatment.

Bedsores very easily appear and develop rapidly. Enough once to leave the patient in a wet bed, and skin will respond instantly. To combat this difficult problem is to properly handle the covers: under the prevention of time to clean, dry and care. At the first sign connect special ointments, increasing preventive measures.